Objective: To Study the effects and feasibility of life quality list for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) patients.Methods: Applying the self-made life quality evaluating list,life qualities of 36 cases of IPF patients were analyzed and compared before and after the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine.Results: The evaluating list of life quality is available for IPF patients.Conclusion: The evaluation of life quality is an available method for the observations of clinical therapeutic effect and health status on IPF patients and it is worth further investigation.

Objective Analysis the clinical data of high-EuroSCORE 114 patients due to ronary surgery to elucidatethe surgical advantages between on-pump and off-pump CABG.Methods From September 2008 to March 2011,114 highEuroSCORE patients due to coronary surgery were randomly divided into off-pump group 48,and on-pump gronp 66 cases.Preoperative,intra-operative and peri-operative clinical data of all the patients were collected.All patients were followed up for 1 month postoperatively.Results The baseline of the two groups had no significant difference.Application of internal mammary artery,positive inotropic drugs and IABP assistance between the two groups were similar,P ＞0.05,Compared with the offpump group,patients in on-pump gnup had longer operation time,hut more graft counts and a higher rate of revascularization [ (3.71±0.55)gnifis vs.(2.82±0.39)grafts ],P ＜ 0.05.There were no significant differences of peri-operative mortality and post-operative complications between the two groups,P ＞0.05.The patients in on-pump group had more post-operative chest drainage in the first 24 hours[ (875.0±134.2)ml vs.(589.4±102.5)ml] and blood transfusion[ (656.3±84.4)ml vs.(433.3±62.9) ml ] compared with the off-pump group,P ＜ 0.05.The data of l-month follow up denonstrated that echocardiographic data,NYHA and symptoms of angina of the two groups had no significant difference,P ＞ 0.05.Conclusion Compared with OPCAB,CCAB did not increase postoperative renal failure,neurological complications and lung injury in highrisk patients,but had more complete revascularization.The disadvantage of CCAB was postoperative bleeding,blood productsuse.

Objective To study the mechanism of interaction between neuronal nitric oxide syn-thase (nNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Methods A total of 250 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, ie, sham oper-ation group, trauma group, 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) treatment group, aminoguanidine (AG) treatment group and combined AG and 7-NI treatment group. Severe closed TBI was made by using Marmarou meth-od. Protein expressions of nNOS and iNOS in hippocampus CAI were detected by means of immunohisto-chemical staining at 1,3, 6, 12 hours and at days 1,3, 7 and 14 after TBI. Results The expression of nNOS reached a peak at 6 hour after injury in all groups, with no statistical difference between groups (P > 0. 05), when there was no statistical difference between 7-NI treatment group and trauma group (P > 0. 05) but statistical difference in AG treatment group and combined AG and 7-NI treatment group compared with trauma group at 12 hours after TBI (P <0.05). The expression of iNOS reached maximal level at day 3 after TBI, with lower level in 7-NI group, AG treatment group and combined AG and 7-NI treatment group compared with trauma group (P < 0.05). Conclusions After TBI, nNOS interacts with iNOS by means of the feedback of nitric oxide. The enhanced expression of nNOS is initial factor for increase of iNOS expression, which can down regulate the expression of iNOS.

Objective To explore the effect of jejunostomy in radical operation of esophageal cancer through right thoracotomy and abdominal incision. Methods A total of 90 esophageal cancer patients who had undergone radical resection through right thoracotomy and abdominal incision were retrospectively analyzed, among whom 50 cases used enteral nutrition via jejunostomy (jejunostomy group) and 40 cases via naso- intestinal tube (naso- intestinal tube group). The operation time, hospitalization time after operation, retention time of tube, complication and nutritional status after operation were compared between 2 groups. Results There were no statistical differences in the operation time and hospitalization time after operation between 2 groups (P>0.05). All the patients of 2 groups could tolerate the enteral nutrition. The retention time of tube in jejunostomy group was significantly longer than that in naso- intestinal tube group jejunostomy: (18.08 ± 9.28) d vs. (14.85 ± 4.59) d, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the albumin before operation between 2 groups (P>0.05). The albumin after 1 week′s enteral nutrition in jejunostomy group was significantly higher than that in naso-intestinal tube group:(30.99 ± 2.79) g/L vs. (29.72 ± 3.16) g/L, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). During the period of observation, the patients of naso-intestinal tube group had different degrees of nasopharyngeal region discomfort. The incidences of tube obstruction/ tube shedding and the complication in jejunostomy group were significantly lower than those in naso-intestinal tube group: 0 vs. 10% (4/40) and 18% (9/50) vs. 50%(20/40), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Jejunostomy is a safer and more effective nutrient method in radical operation of esophageal cancer through right thoracotomy and abdominal incision.

Objective:To observe the influence of inhaled anesthetic isoflurane in the neuronal protein damage and aggregation in the APP transgenic mouse hippocampus,and to investigate the intervention effect of trehalose. Methods:Sixty APP transgenic mice aged 12 months were divided into control group,isoflurane group (Iso group) and trehalose group (Tre group)(n=20).The rats in control group were not given any drugs and were put into the anesthetic box with continuonsly entering 2 L·min-1 oxygen for 2 h;the rats in Iso group and Tre group were respectively injected intraperitoneally with 2 mL saline or trehalose (400 μg·kg-1 )30 min before anesthesia,and then inhalated 1.4% isoflurane for 2 h.6 h after anesthesia,the hippocampus tissue of the mice was prepared,and DCFH-DA fluorescence was applied to detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS)level; 24 h after anesthesia, immunohistochemical method and Western blotting method were used to detect the contents of carbonyl compounds and nitrotyrosine and the Aβ1-42 protein expression level in hippocampus;TEM was applied to observe the formation of protein aggregates; TUNEL staining was performed to observe the apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons. Results:Compared with control group, the ROS level, the expression levels of oxidative protein carbonyl compounds and nitrotyrosine,the expression level of Aβ1-42 protein,and the apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons in Iso group were significantly increased (P < 0.05);compared with Iso group,the ROS level,the expression levels of oxidative protein carbonyl compounds and nitrotyrosine,the Aβ1-42 protein expression level, and the apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons in Tre group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Isoflurane can induce the protein damage and aggregation,the apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons,aggravate oxidative stress reaction,increase the apoptotic rate of brain hippocampal neurons in the APP transgenic mice;trehalose can intervene the neurotoxicity induced by inhaled anesthetics.

Objective: To investigate the influence of TGF-β and IFN-γ on the proliferation, migration and invasion of melanoma cells. Methods: Melanoma cells were cultured in vitro. When tumor cells were confluent about 80% degree, cytokines were added into cell culture media. The concentration of TGF-β and IFN-β was 5ng/mL and 10ng/mL, respectively. Melanoma cells were divided into free-cytokine group, TGF-β group,IFN-γ group, TGF-β and IFN-γ group. Tumor cells in each group were then incubated for 8h, 16h, 24h, 32h,40h and 48h, respectively. After incubation, fixing and staining with SRB, the optical densities and percentage viability were then determined by absorption at 540 nm (A 540). The scarification of tumor cells in each group on the surface was created by a 2001μL pipette tube. The motility of tumor cells in each group was assessed by measuring the distance between scarifications. The speed of the scuffing closure was monitored after 12h.The invasive ability of melanoma cells was observed by transwell cultivation. The tumor cells that invaded through the Matrigel and adhered to the bottom of the outside membrane were determined by absorption at 595 nm (A595). Gelatin zymography assay was used to examine the levels of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) activity when the tumor cells were treated with cytokines after 24h. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was demonstrated by gradation in the sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacryl-amide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gelatin. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was determined by Image analy-sis Software. Results: TGF-β promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of melanoma cells (P<0.05).However, IFN-γ inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of melanoma cells (P<0.05). The effect weakened or disappeared when both of them were used (P>0.05). Conclusion: In vitro, TGF-β may affect the inhibitory effect of IFN-γ on the proliferation, migration and invasion of melanoma cells. This study provided a better understanding of the relationship between tumor and inflammatory factors and established a good ba-sis for future research.

Objective: To build a mouse tumor model with a manufactured surgical wound representing acute inflammation, and to evaluate the relationship between acute inflammation or wound healing and the process of tumor growth. Then to observe the impact of IFN-γ/TGF-β on tumor growth. Methods: Male C57BL mice of six weeks were used and divided into the experiment group and the control group. The B16F10 mela-noma cell suspension was injected into the left groin area of each mouse. A wound measured 1 cm in diame-ter was built on the opposite side of bodies in the experiment group when tumor volume was about 0.5 cm~3.The expression of IFN-γ/TGF-β in blood serum and tumor tissues were examined by ELISA. In order to fur-ther confirm the effect of TGF-β on tumor growth, another 16 mice models with melanoma were established and 8 of them received IFN-γ injection (the experiment group). Results: When acute inflammation had influenc-es on tumor, a two-phase development was presented. In the early phase, the growth of tumor in the mice with wound was slower than that in the control group. In the early phase, the release of IFN-γ was higher and the release of TGF-β was lower in the experiment group. In the later phase, the growth of tumor in the mice with wound was similar to that in the controls and the release of TGF-β was higher. In vivo experiment con- firmed the above results. In the early phase, the release of TGF-β was not significantly different between the experiment group and the control group (P>0.05). In the later phase, the release of TGF-β in the experiment group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the early phase of acute inflamma-tion, inhibitory effects of IFN-y on tumor growth were presented. In the later phase, the inhibited tumor was re-sistant to IFN-γ through the release of TGF-β to balance the effect of inflammatory factors on tumor cells.

Objective The aim of the study was to compare the mid-and long-term results between mitral valve repair and mitral valve replacement in mitral regurgitation due to infective endocarditis.Methods From January 2005 to December 2014, 225 patients with mitral regurgitation due to infective endocarditis underwent surgical treatment at our institution.159 patients(70.7%) were male, and the mean age was(42±15) years(13-76 years).Among them, mitral valve repair was performed in 89 patients(repair group) and mitral valve replacement in 136 patients(replacement group).Preoperative clinical profiles, perioperative details and follow-up data were reviewed retrospectively.Results There was no operative death in both groups.Compared to replacement group, patients undergoing mitral valve repair suffered significantly less embolism events(9.0% vs.22.8%, P<0.05) and central nerve complications(6.7% vs.17.6%, P<0.05).Patients with mitral valve vegetation were significantly less in repair group as well(59.6% vs.89.0%, P<0.05).The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time[(87±30) min vs.(86±33) min, P>0.05] and aorta clamp time[(52±21) min vs.(51±23) min, P>0.05]were similar between repair group and replacement group.Intensive care stay was significantly shorter in repair group[(1.4±0.7)days vs.(1.9±1.3)days, P<0.05] and hospital stay was shorter in repair group as well[(8.3±4.5)days vs.(9.5±5.3)days, P=0.09].Perioperative cerebral hemorrhage was observed in no patient in repair group and 2 patients(1.5%) in replacement.There was no in-hospital death in repair group.2 in-hospital(1.5%) deaths occurred in replacement group and the causes of death were cerebral hemorrhage and low cardiac output syndrome.The mean follow-up time was(40±35) months(3-134 months), and follow-up was complete in 85% patients.10 years over follow-up, freedom from heart related adverse events was 88% in repair group and 86% in replacement group(P>0.05).Conclusion Mitral valve repair was safe and feasible in mitral regurgitation due to infective endocarditis, with good mid-and long-term outcomes.Thorough excision of infective tissue and vegetation was necessary to perform mitral valve repair.Yet mitral valve replacement was a viable option in patients for whom repair was infeasible due to severe damage of valve.

Objective To study the bowel-cleansing efficacy, patient security and mucosal injury of low-volume PEG plus ascorbic acid regimen. Methods Five hundred patients referred for colonoscopy were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. Group A received low-volume PEG regimen, Group B received sodium phosphate (NaP) regimen for bowel preparation. Patients of the two groups drank solution 5 h before colonoscopies, serum creatinine and electrolyte were monitored at 5 h and 3 h before colonoscopies. The bowel-cleansing efficacy was rated during colonoscopy. All mucosal injuries observed during colonoscopy were biopsied and histopathologically reviewed. Results The patients of group A completed bowel preparation of 233 cases, completed colonoscopy 226 Cases, group B completed bowel preparation 238 cases, completed colonoscopy 210 cases. There was no significant difference in bowel cleansing between the groups (P > 0.05). Group A reported less incidence rate of the mucosal injuries than Group B. Group A reported better patient security than Group B at the same time. Conclusion Compared with sodium phosphate (NaP) regimen low-volume Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) plus ascorbic acid regimen exhibited equivalent bowel-cleansing efficacy and less incidence rate of the mucosal injuries and better patient security.

Objective: To study the effects of endostatin and doxycycline on microcirculatory patterns in the melanoma transplant model of the chorioallantoic membrane of the chicken embryo and the experimental evidences for melanoma therapy thereof. Methods: Endostatin was dripped on the chorioallantoic membrane after melanoma was transplanted 3 days (A group) and 5 days (B group). Doxycycline was dripped on the chorioallantoic membrane after melanoma was transplanted 3 days (C group) and 5 days (D group). The PBS solution was dripped on the chorioallantoic membrane in control group (E group). The hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed to observe microcirculation patterns in sections. Results: Compared with the E group, the area of endothelium-dependent vessels were significantly decreased in A group and B group (P ＜ 0.01). But the areas of vasculogenic mimicry were bigger in the two groups(P ＜ 0.05). Compared with E group, the areas of endothelium-dependent vessels and vasculogenic mimicry were significantly decreased in D group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Endostatin can inhibit angiogenesis. But it has no effect on vasculogenic mimicry in the transplant melanoma. And Doxycycline can inhibit vasculogenic mimicry and angiogenesis in the transplant melanoma. The results provided experimental evidences for melanoma therapy.