Objective To investigate the effects of probiotics and synbiotics on inflammation and microbiota of acute colitis in mice.Methods C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups randomly.Each group had 10 mice and was given 2.5％ dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) drinking water for 5 days other than the blank control group.Except for model control group,other two groups were administrated with probiotics and synbiotics,respectively.Probiotics was composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus,Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis,while synbiotics was composed of the aforementioned probiotics,inulin and galactooligosaccharide.Feces of different periods and mucosa samples were collected to analyze the differences of enteric flora by 16s rDNA sequencing.Results (1) Pathological scores in probiotics group and synbiotics group were 5.40±2.79 and 7.25±2.87,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the model control group with scores 27.00 ± 7.94.Model control group,probiotics group and synbiotics group showed lower flora diversity,increased Bacteroides and decreased Faecalibacterium than blank control group.The mucosal microbiota was different from fecal flora in abundance and species for each group,and Mucispirillum was more common in mucosa.Conclusions Probiotics and synbiotics alleviate the inflammation of acute colitis in mice.Imbalance of beneficial genera to harmful genera is the characteristic of acute colitis.Supplementation of probiotics and synbiotics contributes to regulating the balance of intestinal microbiota.

Objective To explore the clinical features of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (GNENs). Methods A total of 36 patients with GNENs who were diagnosed between October 2005 and October 2015 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The demographic characteristics,clinical manifestations,endoscopic findings,and pathologic features as well as the treatments of GNENs were collected and analyzed. Results The average age of 36 patients was (55.8±11.1) years and the male to female ratio was 0.89:1. The clinical manifestations varied,in which abdominal pain was as high as 42.9%. Also,63.9% of the lesions were distributed in the gastric body. The endoscopic appearance of GNENs included polypoid lesions,ulcerative lesions,and mucosal depression. Polypoid lesions were most common,and 73.9% of these polyps were single,with an average diameter of less than 10 mm. Pathological grading included G1-G3 level,while G1 level accounted for 55.6%. Up to 65.2% of patients who undergone gastric body biopsy had pathologic evidence of mucosa atrophy or metaplasia. Therapeutic modalities included endoscopic intervention and surgical resection. Conclusion Patients with GNENs lack specific symptoms. The most common endoscopic appearance is polypoid lesions,mainly in gastric body. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of GNENs in the polypoid lesions,particularly for those accompanied with gastric body atrophy.

Animals ; Mice ; Colitis, Ulcerative/metabolism* ; beta Catenin ; Carcinogenesis ; Probiotics ; Colitis/metabolism*