Objective To study the role of Ki- 67 and anti- cytokeratin antibody 34?E12 in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancers. Methods 24 cases of prostate carcinoma and 30 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia were studied with immunohistochemical technique(SP). Results In 24 prostate cancers the average Ki- 67 index was 0.45?0.21, and that in 30 cases of benign hyperplasia was 0.12?0.09, the expression of Ki- 67 is higher in prostate carcinoma than benign prostate hyperplasia, there was static significance (P

Objective: To explore the effect of social support in increasing the quality of life of renal transplant patients by investigating social support and quality of life of renal transplant patients in our hospital.Methods: The patients after renal transplantation more than 3 months were questioned randomly in clinic using the rating scales of SSRS and WHOQOL ~BREF.Results: It showed high social support in patients after renal transplantation,but there was dangerous of low social support in young female.The score of quality of life and physiological domain was lower than routine model.There were not significant differences in the psychological,social and surrounding domains of renal transplant patients compared with the routine model.There was a significantly positive relationship between social support and quality of life of renal transplant patients(P

0.05).(CONCLUSIONS) The HPV16,18 infection can induce incidence of breast cancer.The infection rates of HPV16,18 are not related to histological types,and lymph nodes metastases of breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of aac(6′)-Ⅰb with its subtypes,one kind of gene for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in Escherichia coli.METHODS DNA sequences were analyzed in those strains with aac(6′)-Ⅰb,compared to its family marked in NCBI.Thus,its subtypes were determined.RESULTS Four strains were classical on genotype,the other one with aac(6′)-Ⅰb-Cr,and the last one with a new subtype among the 6 strains of E.coli with aac(6′)-Ⅰb.CONCLUSIONS There exist at least 3 subtypes of aac(6′)-Ⅰb,one kind of gene for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in local strains of E.coli.Among those subtypes,the classical type is the main,accompanied by aac(6′)-Ⅰb-Cr and its new subtype.

Objective To investigate drug resistance,especially the resistance to aminoglycoside and the prevalence of the genes for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in Escherichia coli producing ESBLs.Methods VITEK-32 GNI+ cards and K-B methods were used to identify E.coli and detect the resistance to 18 kinds of antibiotics such as aminoglycoside and ?-lactams respectively in E.coli isolated from our hospital from January to December,2006.PCR method was used to detect the genes for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes such as aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6')-Ⅰb,aac(6')-Ⅱ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ and ant(2″)-Ⅰ in those 17 strains producing ESBLs.Results Resistance rates were 100.0%,100.0%,41.6%,100.0%,69.5%,30.5%,98.2%,81.0%,81.0%,79.6%,79.2%,34.8%,15.4%,7.1%,7.9%,5.4% and 81.0% for ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,aztreonam,cefazolin,cefepime,ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,gentamicin,tobramycin,amikacin,cifoxitin,nitrofurantoin,piperacillin/tazobactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam and co-trimoxazole respectively in E.coli producing ESBLs.No drug-resistant strain imepenem was found.Positive rate was 46.4% for ESBLs.Resistance rates were 52.9%(9/17),100.0%(17/17) and 100%(17/17) for amikacin,gentamycin and tobmycin respectively in those 17 strains producing ESBLs.The most genotype for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes was aac(3)-Ⅱ(94.1%),the second was aac(6')-Ⅰb(35.3%).The positive rates of aac(3″)-Ⅰ and ant(2″)-Ⅰ were 11.8% and 5.9% respectively.of them,one strain was resistant to aminoglycoside on phenotype,but no genes mentioned above was detected.4strains were classical on genotype,one with aac(6')-Ⅰb-Cr,the other one with a new subtype among the 6 strains of E.coli with aac(6')-Ⅰb.Conclusions Drug resistance in E.coli is rather serious.Typically,E.coli producing ESBLs shows multi-drug resistance.Positive rate for aac(3)-Ⅱ takes the first place,followed by aac(6')-Ⅰb among the genes for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes.Aac(3″)-Ⅰand ant(2″)-Ⅰ show both lower positive rates.Aac(3)-Ⅰ and aac(6')-Ⅱ were not found.There exist at least 3 sub-types of aac(6')-Ⅰb,one kind of gene for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in strains of E.coli.Among those sub-types,the classical type is the main,accompanied by aac(6')-Ⅰb-Cr and its new sub-type.

OBJECTIVE To study the antibiotic resistance features of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated clinically for correctly choosing antibiotic in clinics. METHODS The samples of patients with lower respiratory tract inflection between Jan 2006 and Apr 2008 were collected.A total of 160 strains of S.maltophilia had been tested for analyzing drug susceptibility. RESULTS The isolated rate of S.maltophilia was high in sputum samples then in urine and blood.Drug-sensitive test showed that:the resistance rate of S.maltophilia to ticarcillin / clavulanic Acid,levofloxacin,cefepime,piperacillin,and ceftazidime were 0.63%,12.50%,18.13%,18.75% and 21.35%,respectively. CONCLUSIONS S.maltophilia mainly causes respiratory tract infection in patients,showing serious drug resistance.In treating S.maltophilia infection,antimicrobial drugs should be selected according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility test.

OBJECTIVE To investigate drug resistance of Escherichia coli,especially the prevalence of the genes for TEM and SHV type ?-lactams in ESBLs-producing E.coli. METHODS A total of 2277 strains of E.coli collected in our hospital from Jan 2006 to Nov 2008 were analyzed for drug resistance to 21 kinds of antibiotics such as aminoglycoside,?-lactams and quinolones using VITEK-32 GNS-145 or GNS-448 card following GNI + for identification.PCR methods were used to analyze TEM and SHV type ?-lactams genes in 36 strains of E.coli with ESBLs so as to study their prevalence. RESULTS From them 1025 strains of E.coli were found positive for ESBLs,with a positive rate of 45.0%.Drug resistance rates were 83.0%,74.0%,52.0%,52.0%,29.1%,27.8%,16.5%,47.0%,31.0%,54.5%,53.0%,56.8%,10.0%,53.9%,38.5%,5.0%,4.0%,5.0% and 5.0%,respectively,for ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,cefazolin,cefuroxime,aztreonam,cefepime,ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,gentamicin,amikacin,tobramycin,Co-trimoxazole,nitrofurantoin,piperacillin /tazobactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam and cefoxitin.None was found resistant to imipenem or meropenem.Twenty-five and 14 strains of E.coli were found positive for TEM and SHV genes,respectively(69.4% and 38.9%). CONCLUSIONS Drug resistance of E.coli is severe.The local E.coli with ESBLs shows high positive rates of TEM and SHV genes,which play an important role in its severe drug resistance.

Objective:To investigate the current status and related factors of psychological distress in tele-phone operators.Methods:Totally 575 telephone operators from sample of a convenient survey in a certain telecom-munication company of Shandong Province were selected.They were assessed with Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10),Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS)and Sim-plified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ)for the evaluation of psychological distress,resilience,perceived social support and the coping style respectively.Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify the related factors of psy-chological distress.Results:The mean score of K10 was (24.7 ±6.7),91.8% (528 /575)of telephone operators had psychological distress.Specifically,24.5%(141 /575)had mild psychological distress,45.4% (261 /575)had moderate psychological distress,21.9% (126 /575)had severe psychological distress.Ordinal logistic regression a-nalysis indicated that the ones with good economic conditions (OR =1.74,95%CI:1.15 -2.63),higher level of re-silience (OR =1.13,95%CI:1.10 -1.17)and other social support (OR =1.07,95%CI:1.02 -1.12)had milder psychological distress;while with negative coping style (OR =0.29,95%CI:0.20 -0.41)had more severe psycho-logical distress.Conclusion:It suggested that the prevalence rate of psychological distress among telephone opera-tors is high.Poor economic conditions,lower level of resilience and social support,and negative coping style might be the related factors of psychological distress.

Objective To determine the half-effective target effect-site concentration (Ce) (EC50) of sufentanil required to inhibit the body movement during insertion of ureteroscopes when combined with propofol in patients undergoing transureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. Methods Fifty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 20-60 yr, BMI ＜ 30 kg/m2 , undergoing transureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the different C es of sufentanil ( n = 10 each): group S1 (Ce 0.21 ng/ml), group S2(Ce 0.14 ng/ml), group S3(Ce 0.09 ng/ml), group S4(Ce 0.06 ng/ml), group S5(Ce 0.04 ng/ml). TCI of propofol with target plasma concentration set at 2.5-3.0 μg/ml was given. Sufentanil with the corresponding Ce was infused in each group. The ureteroscopes were inserted as soon as the patients lost consciousness and the effect-site concentration of sunfentanil was achieved. The response was defined as positive when body movement occurred within 1 min after insertion of ureteroscopes. The EC50 of sufentanil required to inhibit the body movement during insertion of ureteroscopes when combined with propofol and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results The EC50 of sufentanil required to inhibit the body movement during insertion of ureteroscopes when combined with propofol was 0.084 ng/ml and 95% CI was 0.066-0.107 ng/ml. Conclusion The EC50 of sufentanil required to inhibit the body movement during insertion of ureteroscopes was 0.084 ng/ml when combined with propofol.

Objective To investgate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with small-dose of sufentanil on the hemodynamics during anesthesia induction in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods Seventy-five ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ and NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients aged 46-72 yr,weighing 59-86 kg,ejection fraction ≥45％,undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =25):dexmedetomidine combined with small-dose of sufentanil group (group DS),small-dose of sufentanil group (group S1 ) and large-dose of sufentanil group (group S2 ).In group DS,dexmedetomidine 0.8 μg/kg (diluted with normal saline to 15 ml) was injected for 15 min at a rate of60 ml/h,while the same volume of normal saline were given in groups S1 and S2.Anesthesia was induced with midasolam 0.08 mg/kg and pipecuronium 0.12 mg/kg.After administration of the total dose of 1/3 midazolam and 1/8 pipecuronium,sufentanil 0.5,0.5 and 0.8μg/kg (diluted with narmalsaline to 10 ml) were injected in groups DS,S1 and S2 respectively.Then the rest of midazolam was injected.When BIS value ≤ 75,the rest of pipecuronium was injected.When BIS value ≤ 55,the patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.PETCO2 was maintained at 30-35 mm Hg.The adverse ardiovascular events (hypertension,hypotension,tachycardia and bradycardia) and drugs intervention were recorded during anesthesia induction.Results Compared with group S2,the incidence of hypertension and tachycardia was significantly increased in group S1,the incidence of hypotension decreased in groups S1 and DS,the incidence of drug intervention decreased in group DS (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group S1,the incidence of hypertension,hypotension and tachycardia was significantly decreased,the incidence of bradycardia increased,theincidence of drug intervention decreased in group DS (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine (0.8 μg/kg) combined with small-dose of sufentanil (0.5 μg/kg) is beneficial for keep the stable of hemodynamics during anesthesia induction in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.