Objective To compare the cumulative rate of HBeAg seroconversion in HBeAg positive chronic Hepatitis B patients treated with telbivudine and entecavir after Propensity Score Matching.Methods CHB patients who accepted telbivudine or entecavir from Dec 2009 to May 2014 were retrospectively collected.PSM function of SPSS software was conducted to reduce confounding bias between the groups.And then survival analysis was performed for the matched data.Results 56 pairs of patients were successfully matched.The 2-year cumulative rate of HBeAg seroconversion were 28.6％ and 14.8％ in the telbivudine group and entecavir group,which were 42.0％ and 39.3％ in the fourth year respectively.Cox regression analysis revealed that telbivudine therapy,low HBeAg level at baseline were independent predict factors of HBeAg seroconversion(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The balance of covariates may be achieved through PSM.The 2-year cumulative rate of HBeAg seroconversion in the telbivudine group is higher than entecavir group,while they are similar in the 4th year.