60 g in 15 cases).The operation time ranged from 35 to 85 minutes(mean,45),and the blood loss was 50-100 ml(mean,60 ml).No case needed blood transfusion.No rupture of the prostatic capsule,venous sinuses,or perforation of the bladder-prostate junction occurred in this series.The patients were followed up for 4 to 6 months,during which the Qmax increased to 16.4-23.2 ml/s(mean,19.8 ml/s),RU decreased to 0-15 ml(mean,5 ml),and IPSS score improved to 0-6.8(mean,4.2).No patient developed urinary incontinence.Conclusions Transurethral retrograde dissection of the prostate is effective for the treatment of BPH with a low morbidity rate of urinary incontinence.The procedure is simple and results in low blood loss.

Forty-four patients suffering from hip pain after the hip and femoral head replacement were treated by revision for total hip arthroplasty in Spinal and Joint Surgery of Gaozhou People’s Hospital between August 2000 and August 2006. Forty-one patients were followed up. The surgeon, an associate chief physician, had been engaging in artificial joint field for 9 years, and performed artificial joint replacement for 620 patients. ①There were 26 patients with pain after artificial femoral head replacement, including 17 males and 9 females with an average age of 72.3 years (range, 67-79 years). Of the 26 patients, 12 had loosening of prosthesis stem, 8 acetabular wear, 3 dislocation of artificial femoral head, 2 ossification around the joints, and 1 periprosthetic fracture. ②Fifteen patients suffered with pain after total hip replacement, including 9 males and 6 females with an average age of 73.4 years (range, 66-80). Of them, there were 6 with loosening of prosthesis, 2 with loosening of acetabular prosthesis, 2 with wear of acetabular prosthesis, 2 with dislocation of artificial femoral head, 1 with infection of incision, 1 with delayed infection, and 1 with periprosthetic fracture. ③During follow up, 4 cases developed bone cement response symptoms such as acute hypotension, hypoxemia, and arrhythmia, but no rejection induced by artificial joint was found. X-ray films showed that no metal corrosion or acetabular polyethylene prosthesis degradation occurred. ④White blood count was generally elevated the day after revision of total hip arthroplasty, and mostly recovered 7 days after revision. Three patients had venous thrombosis of lower extremities. All 41 patients were followed up for 1-7 years, and odynolysis rate was 90.2%. The results indicate that the complications such as loosening of prosthesis, acetabular wear, dislocation of artificial femoral head, and ossification around the joints are main causes of hip pain after hip prosthesis replacement. Revision of total hip arthroplasty is an efficient method to relieve the pain.

Objective To evaluate efficacy ,stability and safety after implantation of toric implantable collamer lens (TICL) to correct moderate to high myopic astigmatism .Methods This study evaluated 125 eyes of 71 patients with moderate to high myopic astigmatism who accepted TICL implantation .LogMAR uncorrected(UCVA) and best corrected(BCVA) visual acuity ,intraocular pressure ,cycloplegic refraction and manifest refraction examination were assessed preoperatively on 3 ,6 ,12 months postoperatively . The rotation of TICL axis were measured on 3 ,6 ,12 months postoperatively .Results 12 months postoperatively ,the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(LogMAR) UCVA were 0 .064 ± 0 .157 which were remarkably better than preoperative BCVA (P<0 .01) .119 eyes(95 .2% ) had postoperative UCVA better than or equal to preoperative BCVA .The manifest spherical refrac‐tion(absolute value) was (0 .36 ± 0 .41)D .105 (84 .0% ) eyes were within ± 0 .5 D .The mean manifest refractive cylinder was (-0 .63 ± 0 .61)D .109(87 .2% ) eyes had ≤ -1 .00 D .The mean rotation on 12 months postoperatively was (4 .76 ± 6 .14)° .The rotation of 101(80 .8% ) eyes were within 5 degrees .No vision threatening complications occurred during the observation period . Conclusion Implantation of TICL is safe and stable in the treatment of moderate to high myopic astigmatism .TICL is an ideal sur‐gical option to treat moderate to high myopic astigmatism .

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of downregulation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core gene (HBcAg) expression by RNA interference and magnetic nanoparticles on both HBV DNA replication and expression in vitro. Methods HepG2 2.2.15 cells were transfected with U6 promoter plasmids coding for small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting HBV core gene using magnetic nanoparticles. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to assess the mRNA and protein expression HBV core antigen. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the suppression efficiency of HBV-DNA replication and expression; and radioimmunoassay was used for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), core antigen (HBcAg), and e antigen (HBeAg) detection. Results We successfully constructed nanoparticles with siRNA plasmid targeting HBV core antigen; HBcAg mRNA and HBV core antigen protein levels were significantly reduced in the transfected cells. HBV-DNA downregulation was estimated at 4-5 logs and the HBsAg and HBeAg levels were also reduced compared with the controls. Conclusion Downregulation of HBV core gene using RNAi technology and magnetic nanoparticles can potentially be used as a therapeutic strategy for Hepatitis B.

[ABSTRACT]AIM:ToinvestigatetheroleoftinyantisensenucleicacidagainstmiR-155(tinyantimiR-155, t-antimiR-155) in multiple myeloma cells .METHODS:According to the seed sequence of miR-155, t-antimiR-155 was designed and synthesized .t-antimiR-155 was transfected by Lipofectamine TM 2000 into RPMI-8266 cells.The cells were di-vided into t-antimiR-155 group, scrambled control (SCR) group and blank control group .The growth-inhibitory potencies were measured by MTT assay .The ability of cell colony formation was detected by cell colony formation assay .The cell ap-optosis was assessed by flow cytometry with annexin V /PI double staining .RESULTS: The best concentration and time were 0.4 μmol/L and 48 h, respectively.The cell colony forming experiment showed that the circumstances of forming cell community in t-antimiR-155 group was weaker than that in SCR group , and the colony formation inhibitory rate of former was significant higher than the latter .Compared with SCR group , the cell apoptosis in t-antimiR-155 group significantly in-creased.CONCLUSION: The t-antimiR-155 inhibits the progression of multiple myeloma cells by interfering with miR-155.miR-155 may serve as a potential target in gene therapy for treating multiple myeloma .

ObjectiveTo learn the rpoB mutation difference in rifampicin/rifabutin cross-resistant (RIF/Rfb-R)clinical isolates and in rifampicin-resistant/rifabutin-susceptible (RIF-R/Rbo-S)clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Methods To sequence the full-length genome of rpoB gene,and analyze the rpoB full-length gene mutation differences in 278 RIF/Rfb-R clinical isolates,40 RIF-R/Rfb-S clinical isolates,30 rifampicin-susceptible/rifabutin-susceptible (RIF-S/Rfb-S) and in 1 reference strain ofH37Rv.ResultsNo mutations of rpoB full-length gene were found in H37Rv reference strain and RIF-S/Rfb-S clinical isolates.In RIF/Rfb-R clinical isolates,531 (70.5％ ) and 526 (20.9％ ) were the most frequent mutation codons.223 (80.2％ ) isolates possesed single mutations as S531L,S531W,H526D,H526Y,H526R,Q513K,Q513P,Q510H,V176F,P287R,Y395C and H404Y.55 (19.8％) isolates had multiple mutations,and among these the S531L,H526 R,H526Y,H526D,D516G and Q513K were the main substitutions which were in combination with other points.In RIF-R/Rfb-S clinical isolates,516 (65.0％),526 ( 17.5％ ) and 533 ( 10.0％ ) were the most frequent mutation codons.21 (52.5％ ) isolates possesed single mutations as L533P,H526L,H526S,S522L,D516V,D516Y and D516F.19 (47.5％)isolates had multiple mutations and among these the D516V and L533P were the main substitutions which were in combination with other points.CondusionsIn our study,100％ rifamycin-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis had rpoB mutations,but the mutations in RIF/Rfb-R clinical isolates were sharply different from RIF-R/Rfb-S clinical isolates in mutation positions or amino acids substitutions of single mutations strains,mutation positions or combination types and the most frequently mutation codons or amino acids substitutions of multiple mutations strains.Thus,DNA sequencing is instructive and meaningful to choose rifampicin or rifabutin for tuberculosis treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of EpCAM and E-cadherin in papillary thyroid carcinoma and to analyze its correlation with various clinicopathologic parameters.

METHODSImmunohistochemical study for EpCAM and E-cadherin was carried out in 91 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Twenty-four cases of papillary hyperplasia of thyroid were used as controls.

RESULTSIn all of the 24 cases of papillary hyperplasia, EpCAM was located on the cell membrane, while in the 91 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma studied, EpCAM was located within the cytoplasm, with 36.3% (33/91) showing nuclear localization as well. In all the papillary hyperplasia cases studied, E-cadherin showed membranous expression. E-cadherin expression was reduced in 84.6% (77/91) of papillary thyroid carcinoma, as compared with the surrounding native thyroid parenchyma. Amongst the 33 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma which showed nuclear localization of EpCAM, 30 cases also showed reduced E-cadherin expression. There was a positive correlation between nuclear expression of EpCAM and loss of E-cadherin expression (P = 0.000; Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.857). Nuclear expression of EpCAM correlated with follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and presence of extrathyroidal extension ( P = 0.037 and 0.033, respectively). Loss of E-cadherin expression correlated with age of patients and presence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.018 and 0.010, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSE-cadherin expression is reduced in papillary thyroid carcinoma, as compared with native thyroid parenchyma and papillary hyperplasia. Papillary thyroid carcinoma shows loss of EpCAM membranous expression and increased cytoplasmic/nuclear accumulation. Detection of these two markers may provide a valuable reference in defining the biologic behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma, including extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis.

Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; secondary ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical characteristics of rifampin-dependent (R-dependent Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and rifampin-resistant (R-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis) patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

METHODSThe clinical data including the demographic data, age groups, course of disease, history of chemotherapy with anti-TB drugs, and results of drug susceptibility test were collected from 61 cases of R-dependent pulmonary tuberculosis and 148 cases of R-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis treated between October, 2008 and January, 2012.

RESULTSMost of the R-dependent and R-resistant patients were between 30 and 44 years of age. The R-dependent patients included 12 receiving the first treatment patients and 49 with previous treatments, and the R-resistant patients included 11 without and 137 with previous treatments. The multi-drug resistant rate was 80.3% in R-dependent group, as compared to 92.6% in R-resistant group.

CONCLUSIONMost of the patients infected with R-dependent Mycobacterium tuberculosis are young or middle-aged, often having serious disease conditions. Detecting rifampin dependence is important for patients with initial treatment failure. Multi-drug resistance therapy guideline should be applied to patients infected with R-dependent Mycobacterium tuberculosis to improve the cure rate.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antitubercular Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug effects ; Rifampin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with intestinal Talaromycosis marneffei (TM) infection. Methods:A total of 64 AIDS patients who underwent colonoscopy in Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital from January, 2010 to December, 2018 were retrospectively collected. Among them, 32 patients were co-infected with TM (AIDS with intestinal TM infection group) and 32 patients were not (AIDS without intestinal TM infection group) according to the colonic mucosa pathology. The clinical manifestations and pathological differences were compared between the two groups. Nonparametric rank sum test and Fisher exact probability method were used for statistical analysis.Results:The proportions of patients presented with fever, cough, retroperitoneal lymph nodes tume faction, nausea and vomiting, abdominal muscle tension, abdominal tenderness and rebound pain in AIDS with intestinal TM infection group were 28 (87.5%), 16 (50.0%), 13 (40.6%), 9 (28.1%), 8 (25.0%), 20 (62.5%) and 12 (37.5%), respectively, which were all significantly higher than those in AIDS without intestinal TM infection group 11 (34.4%), 6 (18.8%), 3 (9.4%), 2 (6.2%), 1 (3.1%), 8 (25.0%) and 1 (3.1%), respectively, the differences were statistically significant (Fisher exact test, all P<0.05). The median counts of peripheral blood CD4 + T lymphocyte, lymphocytes, monocytes, hemoglobin, platelet and albumin in AIDS with intestinal TM infection group were 13.5/μL, 0.30×10 9/L, 0.16×10 9/L, 88 g/L, 122×10 9/L and 23.5 g/L, respectively, which were all significantly lower than those in AIDS without intestinal TM infection group 207.0/ μL, 1.35×10 9/L, 0.35×10 9/L, 128 g/L, 201×10 9/L and 37.5 g/L, respectively, the differences were all statistically significant ( Z=-6.111, -6.191, -4.273, -5.353, -2.974 and-6.666, respectively, all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CD4 + T lymphocytes <50/μL, hemoglobin <90 g/L and fecal occult blood positive were independent risk factors for AIDS with intestinal TM infection. The main manifestations of colonoscopy in AIDS with intestinal TM infection group were discontinuous ulcers (31.2%(10/32)), erosion (31.2%(10/32)) or co-exitance of ulcer and erosion (21.9%(7/32)), while suspected tumor-like eminence lesions were less common (15.6%(5/32)). The pathological features of colon mucosa were ulcer and/or erosion (53.1%(17/32)), chronic inflammation (46.9%(15/32)) and inflammatory granuloma (43.8%(14/32)). Oval or round spore with apparent septum could be seen by special staining. In AIDS with intestinal TM infection group, 27 patients were cured or improved, five patients died or deteriorated, while all patients in the AIDS without intestinal TM infection group improved after treatment without death. Conclusions:There are no specific gastrointestinal symptoms in AIDS patients with intestinal TM infection, while the patients present with decreased immunological cells and multiple colony pathological features. Specific fungal spores can be seen.

BackgroundThe mental health problems of employees in administrative organs and public institutions are highly valued. However， there is a lack of understanding regarding the mental health status of employees in provincial and municipal administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region. ObjectiveTo analyze the anxiety and depression of employees in provincial and municipal administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region， so as to provide references for promoting their mental health and intervening in psychological problems. MethodsFrom October 23 to 28， 2022， a total of 3 096 employees in provincial and municipal administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region were enrolled using stratified cluster sampling technique， and were assessed using Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）. ResultsA total of 1797 （58.04%） employees in municipal and above administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region completed a valid questionnaire survey. Depressive symptoms were noted in 579 （32.22%）. SDS scores yielded statistical difference among the selected employees of different ethnicities， types of job positions and educational levels （F=9.074， 101.488， 4.477， P<0.01）， and the severity of depressive symptoms also demonstrated statistical difference among the selected employees with different ethnicities， educational levels and types of job positions （H=49.196， 17.028， 160.848， P<0.01）. Anxiety symptoms were detected in 711 （39.57%） employees. SAS scores exhibited statistical difference among the employees with different genders， ages， ethnicities， educational levels， marital status and types of job positions （t=-4.571， F=6.648， 3.950， 5.243， 12.008， 22.253， P<0.01）. Statistical differences were also illustrated in the severity of anxiety symptoms among the selected employees with different ages， genders， ethnicities， educational levels， marital status and types of job positions （H=24.361， -3.788， 28.365， 24.268， 25.976， 56.204， P<0.01）. ConclusionAbout one-third of employees in municipal and above administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region may have symptoms of depression and anxiety. The depression symptoms are more severe among Tibetan people， those with low education levels and ordinary civil servants. The anxiety symptoms are more severe among employees aged 30 and below， those with low education levels， unmarried and those in technical positions ［Funded by 2020 Guiding Plan Project for the Health System of Qinghai Province （number， 2020-wjzdx-71）］