ObjectiveTo discuss the impact of conflict psychological stress on rats'sleep time and sleep phrase.Methods20 Wistar male rats were randomly divided into vehicle group and model group,10 in each group.The improved experiment of Vogel drinking water conflict was used to establish the model of conflict psychological stress in rats and monitoring the changes of rats'weight and concentration of corticosterone (CORT) in serum after a week.After one week,the 12 h EEG and EMG of rats were traced by the polygraph in order to clarify the effect of conflict psychological stress on rats′ sleep time and sleep phrase.ResultsAfter one week,compared with vehicle group the weight of model group decreased significantly ( t =2.87,P ＜ 0.05 ),the concentration of CORT in serum raised significantly( t=5.19,P ＜ 0.05 ).A week later,compared the vehicle group,total sleep time( TST),light sleep,slow wave sleep(SWS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM) time in model group rats ( (337.8 ±84.2)min,( 169 ±49.2) min,( 136.9 ±40.8)min,(33.1 ± 10.1 ) min for vehicle group; ( 155.4 ±16.7 ) min,( 111.6 ± 16.4 ) min,( 30.6 ± 4.9 ) min,( 12.6 ± 3.3 ) min for model group) were significantly reduced ( t =6.75,2.43,5.51,5.78,P ＜ 0.05 ),and the proportion of lightsleep increased ( (49.6 ± 3.4 ) ％,( 71.7 ±5.4)％ ) ( t =6.90,P＜0.05),the proportion of SWS decreased( (40.3 ± 10.9)％,( 19.8 ±3.2)％ ) ( t=6.74,P ＜ 0.05 ) ;but no significant change in the proportion of REM ( t =1.57,P＞ 0.05 ).Rats,sleep-wake rhythm figure indicated that the rats'sleep duration reduced and the number of awakening increased ; sleep tended to be fragmentation.ConclusionsConflict psychological stress lead to hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity,weight loss,and the rhythm of sleep and sleep phase change in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of MIF, NF-κB p65 and IL-1β in the tissue of nasal polyps and normal inferior turbinate, to analyze their relevance, and to explore their role in nasal polyps. METHOD: The infiltrating results of EOS and others inflammatory cells in 48 cases diagnosed as nasal polyps (nasal polyps group) were detected by HE staining, and the expression of MIF, NF-κB p65 and IL-1β were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Twenty-one patients who were performed septoplasty orthotics were included as the control group; the VAS and Lund-Kennedy score were used to evaluate the degree of nasal polyps in patients and the correlation analysis was conducted between the disease severity and the expression levels of this three factors. RESULT: (1) The infiltrating results of EOS and the expression level of MIF, NF-κB p65, IL-1β in nasal polyps group are obviously higher than these in the control group (P < 0.05); Spearman correlation analysis shows that MIF, NF-κb p65 and IL-1β are positively correlated with each other (r = 0.74, 0.66, 0.60, P < 0.05); the nuclear activation rate of NF-κB p65 is positively correlated with MIF, IL-1β (r = 0.67, 0.63, P < 0.05); the infiltration degree of EOS is positively correlated with MIF, IL-1β (r = 0.49, 0.55, P < 0.05), but has no correlation with the NF-κB p65 and its nuclear activation rate. (2) The VAS grade of the nasal polyps group is 8.24 ± 1.72 and the nasal endoscopic examination grade is 8.63 ± 3.81. Spearman correlation analysis shows that the VAS grade is positively correlated with the level of MIF (r = 0.71, P < 0.05), but had no correlation with NF-κB p65, its nuclear activation rate and IL-1β. The nasal endoscopic examination grade is positively correlated with MIF and the nuclear activation rate of NF-κB p65 (r = 0.79, 0.73, P < 0.05), but has no correlation with the level of NF-κB p65 and IL-1β (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION MIF, NF-κB p65 and IL-1β may promote the development of the nasal polyps, and there may exist the IL-1β--NF-κB--MIF approach in nasal polyps; MIF and NF-κB may participate in maintaining physiological function of inferior turbinate and have relations with the lightest sustained inflammation of inferior turbinate. The MIF and NF-κB p65 nuclear activation rate can be used as a standard of the nasal polyp severity and the judgement prognosis.
Humans ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases ; metabolism ; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors ; metabolism ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism

Objective To comparatively analyze the application of conventional echo planar imaging-diffusion weighted imaging (EPI-DWI) and readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion imaging (RESOLVE) in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 35 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma confirmed by pathology were included in this study.All patients underwent conventional EPI-DWI and RESLOVE (b=800 s/mm2) with a 3.0 T MRI scanner.ADC values of the tumors and normal nasopharyngeal tissues were calculated.Scoring (Five-point score) for imaging quality of conventional EPI-DWI and RESLOVE was independently performed by two radiologists with 5 years experiences and the agreement evaluation was performed using Kappa analysis.The numbers of cases with effectively ADC values,the ADC values of the same tissue in different sequences and the ADC values of the tumor and the normal muscle tissue in the same sequence were compared.The data was statistically analyzed by x2 test,paired sample t test and independent sample t test.Results The agreement between two radiologists was excellent.The Kappa value of the conventional EPI-DWI was 0.91 1(P＜0.01).The Kappa value of the RESOLVE was 0.827(P＜0.01).Four points or more accounted for 97.1％ (34/35) in the RESOLVE group,while only 2.9％ (7/35) images scored four points and most of them were less than four points in the conventional EPI-DWI group.The effectively ADC values can be measured in the conventional EPI-DWI,accounting for 54.3％ (19/35) cases.The ADC values could be measured in all cases of group (100.0％,35/35).The scores of imaging quality of RESOLVE were higher than those of conventional EPI-DWI,which were significantly different (x5=19.091,P＜0.001).The ADC values of the normal nasopharyngeal tissue were (1.65 ±0.13) × 10-3,(1.96±0.14) × 10-3 mm2/s and the ADC values of the tumor were (0.87±0.09) × 10-3,(0.83±0.10)× 10-3 mm2/s in the conventional EPI-DWI and the RESOLVE,respectively.The ADC values were significantly different between the tumors and the normal nasopharyngeal tissues (t=-23.284,-31.509,P＜0.05).The ADC values of the tumors were apparently lower than the normal nasopharyngeal tissues.There were no significant difference of the ADC values between the conventional EPI-DWI and the RESOLVE measuring the same tissue (t=-0.957,-0.921,P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional EPI-DWI,RESLOVE can provide a higher quality image and may be helpful to accurate diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of thin layer reconstruction with spiral CT on the pulmonary hamartoma. Methods Accepted both routine CT examination and thin layer construction,2 1 pulmonary hamartoma cases confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.The margin and inner features of the lesions were observed and recorded.Significant analysis was performed by using SPSS17.0 Pearson chi-square test and Fisher exact test,with P<0.05 as the significant difference criterion.Results Comparison of the display rates by routine CT and thin layer reconstruction:①the same display rate of lobulation were 57.1%(12/21);②the same display rate of calcification were 42.9% (9/21);③the display rates of fat density were 14.3%(3/21)by routine CT and 42.9% (9/21)by thin layer reconstruction.The difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.200,P<0.05);④the display rates of blood vessel throughing were 14.3%(3/21)by routine CT and 47.6% (10/21)by thin layer reconstruction.The difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.459,P<0.05).Conclusion Displaying the inner features of pulmonary hamartoma better than routine CT,the thin layer reconstruction can improve the diagnostic accuracy significantly.

The concepts of cold and hot herbal properties in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), reflecting the efficacy trends of medicinal herbs, have the Fuzzy characteristics. It is suited for the application of Fuzzy mathematics in research of herbal properties. For a comprehensive evaluation of herbal properties, this work constructed and made a practice of the Fuzzy discrimination model regarding the biological performance of Chinese materia medica.

Objective To study the clinical features and CT findings of pulmonary fungal infection(PFI) secondary to malignant tumor.Methods The clinical features and CT findings of PFI secondary to malignant tumor proved clinically and pathologically were analyzed retrospectively.Results In pulmonary fungal infection,pulmonary candidiasis was most common seen,which were found in 34 (68%) of 50 cases.CT findings of PFI usually consist of a mixture of patterns,ground-glass attenuation(n=31,62%)and air-space consolidation (n=29,58%) were most common CT findings. Other CT findings included nodule(n=20,40%), air cresceut sign (n=2,4%), thickening of bronchovascular bundles (n=7,14%), mass (n=1,2%),tree-in-bud appearance(n=5,10%),cavity(n=3,6%).Conclusion CT findings of PFI secondary to malignant tumor were nonspecific,which can’t distinguish from other pneumonia,to pay more attentions on it is necessary.

Aim To synthesize 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein and investigate its mechanisms and inhibition effect on hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg ) and e antigen ( HBeAg) in HepG2.2.15 cells.Methods 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein was synthesized based on the chemical structure of Rhein , and its structure was identified by IR,1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectra.MTT assay was used to test the inhibitory effect of 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein on HepG2.2.15 cells.After the cells treatment by 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein , the HBsAg and HBeAg in cell supernatant were detected by ELISA .The expres-sion of hepatitis B virus X gene ( HBx) was detected by Western blot .The cell cycles were examined with flow cytometry.The intracellular free calcium concentration was detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy . Results The structure of 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein was confirmed by IR,1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR.MTT results showed that synthetic product and Rhein could inhibit the cell proliferation in HepG2.2.15 cells.After trea-ted with 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein and Rhein for 72 h,the half inhibitory concentration 50%( IC50 ) was 14.29 mg? L-1 and 11.59 mg? L-1 , respectively .Using non-cytotoxic dose of 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein , the inhibitory effect on HBsAg and HBeAg was gradually enhanced with increasing 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein concentration . The inhibitory effect of synthetic product on hepatitis B virus was better than that of Rhein .8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein could down-regulate the expression of HBx , in-tracellular calcium ion concentration and block the hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) replication.Flow cytometry results showed 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein didn′t affect the cell cycle .Conclusions Compare with Rhein , the synthesis of 8-bromo-ethoxy Rhein shows stronger inhi-bition on hepatitis B virus in HepG2.2.15, and its mechanisms may involve down-regulating the expres-sion of HBx and reducing calcium ion concentration .

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation can promote cardiac repair after myocardial infarction, but it has been limited by the low cellsurvival rate.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) on the BMSCs transplantation for treatment of myocardial infarction.
METHODS:BMSCs were separated and cultivated form Sprague-Dawley rats weighing (100±20) g. The 4th generation cells were used for later experiment, and marked by DAPI at 2 hours before use. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing (200±20) g had been divided into five groups:Sham group (n=10) and four transplantation groups:BMSCs (n=10), H 2 S-BMSCs (n=10), H 2 S (n=10), normal saline (n=10). The myocardial infarction model of four groups was established except of sham group (only thread without ligation). The cardiac function was measured by echocardiogram at 4 weeks after celltransplantation. The col agen in the infarction area was tested by Masson staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Severe myocardial fibrosis was found in the normal saline group, with no myocardial regeneration in the infarct area. H 2 S-BMSCs group had less col agen and more cardiac muscle tissue than BMSCs or H 2 S groups. Left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening of the H 2 S-BMSCs group were significantly higher than those of the BMSCs or H 2 S groups (P<0.05). The cells survival rate and cardiac function of myocardial infarction rats can be promoted by H 2 S-preconditioned BMSCs transplantation, which is superior to BMSCs or H 2 S alone.

The properties of Chinese materia medica are believed to be the summarization of the effects of biological performance on the various body states. Systemic discussion of chemical-factor elements, body-condition elements, biological-performance elements and their interrelationships is needed for research into the properties of Chinese materia medica. Following the practical characteristics of Chinese medicine, the three-element mathematical model was formed by introducing some mathematical concepts and methods and was used to study the cold or hot property of Chinese medicine, and to investigate the difference in biological performances of the two properties.

BACKGROUND:Ischemia microenvironment contributes mostly to the low survival rate of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after transplantation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can protect various cells and tissue models against apoptosis and injury.
OBJECTIVE:To detect the cellapoptosis and viability, content of H2S in supernatant, and the expression of H2S synthetase after different time of hypoxia and serum deprivation cultivation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS:The passage 3 rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were divided into five different cultivation time groups:0-, 3-, 6-, 12-and 24-hour groups. After enough hypoxia and serum deprivation cultivated time, the cellapoptosis was detected by SubG1, the cellviability was determined by cellcounting kit-8, the content of H 2S in supernatant was measured by N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamin and the expression of H2S synthetase by RT-PCR and western blot.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared to the normal cultivation group, after different hypoxia and serum deprivation cultivated time, the cellapoptosis increased and cellviability decreased significantly. The longer hypoxia and serum deprivation cultivated time caused the more cellapoptosis and the lower cellviability. The contents of H2S and its synthetase were also suppressed by hypoxia and serum deprivation cultivation. The difference was statistical y significant. These findings suggest that hypoxia and serum deprivation cultivation can inhibit the generation of H 2 expression of its synthetase.