Objective To know the influence of psychological nursing on depression of patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis.Methods Evaluated the mental condition by SDS for 46 patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis and 30 health control, and then carried out certain psychological nursing measures for patients.Divided 46 patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis into the intervention group and the control group randomly.There were 23 cases in each group.Psychological nursing cares and routine cares was used in the two group respectively, and then compared the incidence rate of depression in the two groups.Results The negative emotion in the patients with hypokalemie periodic paralysis was significant more obvious than that of in the health control.After the psychological nursing intervention, the SDS scores in the intervention group was released significantly than themselves before the intervention and the scores in the control group in the same time.Conclusions Depression was a common phenomenon in patients with hypokalemic periodic paralysis, characteristic psychological nursing intervention can effective release this kind of negative emotion, and then improve their rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate the utility of full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and localization and biopsy in diagnosis of nonpalpable breast cancer. Methods 42 cases with suspect breast cancer by routine film reading but negative clinical palpation were performed localization and biopsy under X-ray orientation and diagnosed with breast cancer by pathology. The characters of those cases were studied.Results Among 42 cases, 5 cases showed micronodules, 8 cases demonstrated local dense infiltration, 11cases had architecture distortion, 18 cases demonstrated micro-calcifications. The type of pathology comprised of intraductal carcinoma (23 cases), tabular carcinoma in situ (2 cases), early infiltration of ductal carcinoma (12 cases), infiltrating ductal carcinoma (3 cases), papilloma carcinoma (2 cases). Conclusion FFDM can clearly show direct and indirect X-ray signs of breast cancer, combined with localization and biopsy the nonpalpable breast cancer can be easily diagnosed.

Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiology of 114C. albicans strains isolated from the vaginal discharge of female patients treated in three obstetrics and gynecology hospitals in Shanghai by analyzing the relationship between the main genotypes and resistance proifle, and the relationship between genetic diversity and cluster ofC. albicans.Methods A total of 114 strains ofC. albicans were collected from the Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Corporation and the International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China welfare institute. Phylogenetic analysis of strains were carried out by eBURST.C. albicans strains were also analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The susceptibility of theC. albicans strains was tested by ATB FUNGUS 3.Results A total of 47 diploid strain types (DSTs) were identiifed from the 114 strains, 30 of which were known types. DST 79 and DST 435 were the main types. Of the 114C. albicans strains, 96.5% were susceptible to lfucytosine, 100% to amphotericin B, 85.1% to lfuconazole, 55.2% to itraconazole and 84.3% to voriconazole.Conclusions The pathogenicC. albicans strains isolated from different obstetrics and gynecology hospitals in Shanghai were originated from multiple clones, the main type of which was DST 79 and DST 435 with certain degree of antifungal resistance. MLST typing suggests that genetic diversity is present in theC. albicans strains isolated in Shanghai area. The clustering analysis ofC. albicans strains is consistent with its genotypes.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and the drug resistance of pathogens in infective cases and to provide a foundation for reasonable application of antibacterials.METHODS The information of all bacterial cultures and susceptibility tests from the inpatients in the year of 2006 was analyzed.RESULTS A total of 336 strains of pathogens were isolated,and the pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infection rated the top(60.7%).The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii was the highest in Gram-negative bacilli.It was 33.3% to imipenem,and more than 66.6% towards the other antibacterials.All Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to vancomycin.The resistance rate of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus was more than 75% to the most antibacterials.CONCLUSIONS Inspecting pathogens and strengthening susceptibility tests are very important in reducing drug abuse,decreasing the resistance rate and raising the cure rate in hospital.

Objective To compare the changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) in 24 hours between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) and the non-obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(non-OSAS).Methods Sixty patients with OSAS were divided into two groups:OSAS group(n =30) and non-OSAS group (n =30).The following indicators were detected:(1) Awake oxygen saturation ((HSaO2) ％),(2) The lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) ％) ; (3) Mean oxygen saturation ((MSaO2 ％)) ; (4) Oxygen desaturation index ((DI4),time/h:number of times that the hourly oxygen desaturation ≥ 4％) ; (5) The percentage of the time that oxygen saturation ≤ 90％ accounts the total time ((SIT90)％) and 24-hour IOP.IOP was measured from early morning 5:00 and measured once every four hours.The measurement results were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference on age ((62.60 ± 12.44) years old vs (65.20 ± 10.66)years old,t =1.48),Course of disease ((22.40 ± 6.88) month vs (25.49 ± 7.22) month,t =1.97),gender (The ratio of male to female is(20/10)vs (17/13),x2 =0.007) between the OSAS and the non-OSAS(P ＞0.05).Value of AHI(h-1) ((27.9 ±6.0) vs (2.5 ±1.1),t =8.78),LSaO2 ((74.7 ±11.7)％ vs (91.8 ±5.9)％,t=3.44),SIT90((13.2±12.4)％ vs(0.2±1.1)％,t=9.92) and ODI4(h-1) ((28.9 ±13.9)vs (6.1 ±4.1),t =8.09) of OSAS was significantly higher than that of non-OSAS(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).Value of IOP of 21:00 o'clock((20.61±4.15)mm Hg vs(19.60 ± 4.03)mm Hg,t =2.18),1:00 o'clock((23.12 ±3.11)mm Hg vs (20.60 ± 3.29) mm Hg,t =4.64) and 5:00 o' clock ((22.82 ± 2.99)mm Hg vs (17.21 ±3.55) mm Hg,t =4.23) of OSAS was significantly higher than that of non-OSAS (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The wave ((10.40 ± 2.85)mm Hg vs (8.40 ± 2.55) mm Hg,t =4.15) and maximal ((23.60 ± 3.29) mm Hg vs (21.23 ±3.43)mm-Hg,t =2.60) value of IOP of OSAS was significantly higher than that of non-OSAS(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference on minimum of IOP between the OSAS and the non-OSAS ((13.20 ± 4.08)mm Hg vs (12.70 ± 4.22) mm Hg,t =0.54,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion There are higher wave and maximal value of IOP in the patients of OSAS during the night.It is important to pay attention to IOP in order to protect those patients' visual function.

Objective To investigate the effects of 5-Aza-CdR (methylation transferase inhibitor) on gene expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β),transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in chondrocytes.Methods Chondrocytes from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) (n=22),rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n=3) or trauma without rheumatic diseases (n=10) were collected and cultured.The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β,TGF-β and NOS were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Chondrocytes in trauma group were treated with 5-Aza-CdR(10μmol/L) for 72 h,and the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-1β,TGF-β and NOS were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA,respectively.Results The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β,TGF-β and NOS were increased in OA and RA group as compared with trauma group (P＜0.05),while they had no differences between OA and RA groups.After treated with 5-Aza-CdR,the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-1β,TGF-β and NOS in chondrocytes rised in trauma group as compared with pretreatment (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β,TGF-β and NOS in chondroytes are higher in OA and RA patients.5-Aza-CdR could increase the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-1β,TGF-β and NOS by inducing relative gene methylation,which suggests demethylation might play a role in OA pathogenesis by influncing the inflammatory signal pathway or cell apoptosis.

Objective To analyze and compare the short-term efficacy and daverse reaction of postoperative adjuvant radio -chemotherapy versus simple chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer .Methods A total of 64 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer were randomly but equally divided into 2 groups ,experimental group and control group .The experimental group patients ini-tially receive 4-cycles chemotherapy with Capecitabine Tablets 1 000 mg /m2 ,bid ,d1 - 14 plus Oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 ,d1 ,and then receive Capecitabine Tablets 825 mg /m2 ,bid ,d1 - 35 plus 3DCRT 45 Gy/25 Fx /5 w concurrent radio-chemotherapy .Control group patients receive 6-cycles Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin combined chemotherapy .Then we observed the disease progression time ,toxic reaction ,1 year survival rate and 2 year survival rate simultaneously in two groups .Results The follow-up rate were 100% .The comparative results are listed as follows (experimental group and control group) :the rates of Ⅰ /Ⅱ grades of nausea and vomiting were 87 .50% and 62 .50% respectively (P< 0 .05) ,other adverse reactions were not statistically significant ;1-year overall survival rate and recurrence-free survival rate were 90 .63% ,87 .50% respectively (P > 0 .05) and 84 .38% ,62 .50% respectively (P <0 .05) ;2-year overall survival rate and recurrence-free survival rate were respectively 84 .38% ,59 .38% (P< 0 .05) and 75 .00% , 50 .00% respectively (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The advantages of 3DCRT combined with Capecitabine Tablets chemoradiotherapy can raise the successful rate of local control in patients with advanced gastric cancer after operation and 4 cycles chemotherapy .The toxic reactions are tolerable for patients .

Objective To summarize the experience of nursing patients undergoing NovaSure endometrial ablation. Methods Two hundred and eleven patients with abnormal uterine bleeding claiming no need of giving birth,who were hospitalized in our hospital during August 2011 to April 2013,were managed with NovaSure endometrial ablation and nursing care was performed.Follow-ups were conducted for investigating the curative effects.Results All the patients lived through the operations,their life signs were stable.As for the adverse effects,124 of them had mild abdominal pains,7 medium-level or severe hypogastralgia,1 dizziness and nausea,10 uterial hematocele,and 1 cystitis.All of them got recovered after treatment.One-month follow-up after hospitalization showed a success rate of 98.0%.Conclusions NovaSure is a new approach to abnormal uterine bleeding.It is advantageous for its simplicity,shortness in operation duration,less trauma to patients and good effects.Meanwhile,preoperative mental care and cooperative care during operation may facilitate their recoveries.

Objective To discuss the influence of team-based learning (TBL) on autonomous learning ability of undergraduate nursing students. Methods 160 undergraduate nursing students of Grade 2010 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group with 80 students in each group. Students in the experimental group were taught with TBL while students in the control group were taught with lecture-based learning (LBL). The score of autonomous learning ability was measured by scale of self-directed learning ability for nurses. Results Scores of autonomous learning ability in experimental group (120.33 ±16.09) was higher than that of control group (110.87 ±11.89) (P=0.000) and also higher than that of experimental group (100.35±11.15) before the implementation of TBL (P=0.000). The differences were statistically significant. Conclusion Team-based learning (TBL) can be helpful in improving the autonomous learning ability of undergraduate nursing students.