Objective To evaluate and compare the effect of early environmental enrichment on spatial learning and memory in wild house mouse and Kunming mouse,one kind of laboratory mouse which evolved from wild house mouse.Methods The wild house mouse F1 generation were employed to control the environmental enrichment.Offspring were weaned on PND22 and housed in usual or rich environment for one month randomly,then engaged the morris maze:house moutse rich environment(n=7),house mouse poor environment(n=6),Kunming mouse rich environment(n=10),Kunming mouse poor environment(n=10).Results (1)Early environmental enrichment improve the performance of house mouse(poor environment:(39.5±3.8)s;rich environment:(25.2±4.5)s;F(1,22)=8.115,P<0.01),but had no effect on that of Kunming mouse in tests of spatial memory (poor environment:(8.5±2.4)s;rich environment:(7.5±1.7)s;F(1,36)=0.149,P=0.702).(2)Early environmental enrichment improve the performance of house mouse(F(1,132)=15.307,P<0.01)and Kunming mouse (F(1,216)=8.701,P<0.01)in spatial learn session.Conclusion The wild house mouse is more sensitive to the enrich environment than laboratory mouse.Therefore,it has higher validity of model.

BACKGROUND:Delayed onset muscle soreness is closely related to skeletal muscle micro-injury, but the exact mechanism of skeletal muscle micro-injury is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the histomorphological and ultrastructure changes of skeletal muscle micro-injury models induced by eccentric exercise. METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into quiet control group, immediately after exercise group, post-exercise 24 hours group, post-exercise 48 hours group and post-exercise 72 hours group. In the latter four groups, the rats were subjected to intermittent running on the-16° slope at a speed of 16 m/min: 5 minutes movement, 2 minutes rest and totaly 120 minutes. Rats in the latter four groups were observed immediately, at 24, 48, 72 hours after exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After eccentric exercise, the morphology and ultrastructure of rat’s skeletal muscle were both changed to different extents, and Desmin and Vimentin were dyed off for anti-desmin antibody staining at varying degrees. It indicates that one-time eccentric exercise can cause delayed skeletal muscle micro-injury.

AIM: To study the therapeutic effects and the related mechanism of Pingchuanling(PCL) on bronchial asthma in rats. METHODS: The rats asthma model was established by ovalbumin(OVA) sensitization.The SD rats were divided into the normal control group,asthma model group,dexamethasone group,low and higher dose of PCL group.Eos in serum and BALF were taken count of and tissue slice dyed with HE were observed.In addition Fas,Bcl-2 expression in lung tissue were examined by immunotisssuchemical technology. RESULTS: Eos count in serum and BALF of asthma model group were increased significantly as compared with that in normal animals.Asthma induced delitescence also were shorten obviously,the differences between the groups were all significant(P

Objective: To evaluate the effect on communication and listening ability of newly graduated nurses while outpatient guidence training. Method: According to the ratio of 1:1, a total of 102 new nurses who were recruited from 2015 to 2016 and met the criteria were divided into observation group and the control group by envelope method. Nurses in the two groups were rotated into the guiding post and clinical department, and all nurses participated in the training for 12 months. Evaluated the communication and listening ability of the two groups nurses before and after the training. Results: After the training, the total scores of communication and listening ability of nurses were 93.36±9.00 and 78.66±7.26 respectively in observation group, 86.84±9.67, 71.38±8.48 respectively in control group, the differences between the two groups were significant(t=3.61, 4.60, all P=0.00). After the training, correlation analysis showed that communication ability of observation group nurses was correlated with age, only-child and nursing professional attitude in the general situation factors (r=0.20-0.24, P<0.05). Conclusions The rotational training of guidance post can significantly improve the communication and listening abilities of nurses, and it will be helpful to the future career path of these nurses. Through training, we can understand the main factors that affect the communication and listening ability of nurses by the two training methods, and provide useful reference for future training.

Objective To study the effect of the extract of Chrysanthemum Indicum(CI)on the expression of tumor necro-sis factor-α (TNF-α) and neutrophil function in chronic bronchitis (CB)rats and to explore the therapeutic mechanism for chronic bronchitis. Methods The extract of CI was prepared. Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, Chuanxiling group, and low-, middle-and high-dose CI extract groups. Rat model of CB was established by intratracheal injection with low-dose lipopolysaccharide. After drug intervention, the expression of TNF-α in rat serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was detected by ELISA method. Phagocytic function of the neu-trophil and respiratory burst of the rats were measured by flow cytometry (FCM). Results Compared with the blank con-trol group, the phagocytic function of the neutrophil, respiratory burst of the rats, and the expression of TNF-α in rat serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the model group were increased significantly. CI extract significantly decreased the abnormal rising of the above indexes. Conclusion Down-Regulation of TNF-α expression, and decrease of the neutrophil phagocytic function and rat respiratory burst may be one of the therapeutic mechanisms of Chrysanthemum In-dicum extract for the treatment of CB.

Objective To explore the influencing mechanism of Zhengan Xifeng Decoction on blood pressure and gastrointestinal motility in SHR. Methods After 15 WKY and 90 SHR rats were were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Benner Pury group, amlodipine group, Zhengan Xifeng Decoction high, middle, and low dose groups. The normal control group and model group were fed with distilled water daily. Rats in treatment group were administered with corresponding drugs daily. Blood pressure, gastric residual and intestinal propulsive ratio of rats was detected after eight-week intervention. Results Compared with the blank control group, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean arterial pressure were significantly higher than WKY rats of same age (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean arterial pressure of treatment groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with the blank control group, gastric residual rate of rats in the model group significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the gastric residual rate in Zhengan Xifeng high dose group increased significantly, and intestinal propulsive ratio significantly increased (P<0.05), without statistical significance in the other treatment groups. Conclusion Zhengan Xifeng Decoction can reduce blood pressure in SHR, and regulate gastrointestinal motility.

Objective:To explore the clinical features of recurrence after choledocholithotomy and to analyze the risk factors.Methods:The clinical data of 730 patients with choledocholithiasis who were treated in our hospital from January 2005 to July 2016 were analyzed retrospectively,550 cases who were received choledocholithotomy were defined as laparotomy group,30 cases with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) were defined as the LCBDE group,and 150 cases with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) were defined as EST group.The recurrence rate of the three groups were compared.The patients of three groups were divided into recurrence group (n=227) and non recurrence group (n=503) according to the recurrent situation,then the clinical features and risk factors of recurrent patients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:The recurrence rate of EST group was 38.67％,which was significantly higher than that of LCBDE group with 26.67％ and the laparotomy group with 29.27％,and there was statistical difference (P＜0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age,history of HBV infection,jaundice,abnormal total bilirubin,peripapillary diverticulum,biliary infection,biliary stricture,papillary stenosis,sphincter of Oddis dysfunction,history of biliary surgery,cholecystectomy,bile duct diameter ≥ 15 mm,bile duct angle ≤120°,operation type,stone quantity ≥ 2 grains,stone diameter ≥ 10 mm,with or without gallstones (P＜0.05).The results of Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that age,having peripapillary diverticulum,having history of biliary surgery,bile duct diameter ≥ 15 mm,stone quantity ≥ 2grains and EST operation type were the independent risk factors of the recurrence after choledocholithotomy (P＜0.05).Conclusion:There are many risk factors of recurrence after choledocholithotomy,and operation method should be based on the size and the number of the stones,and the constitution of patients.Preventive measures should be strengthened to control the recurrence after choledocholithotomy.

BACKGROUND:The effects of engineered bone scaffold containing seeding cels with different shapes to repair bone defect are varied, while the loaded cellquantity is the important factor influencing the curative effect, but which is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:By preparing self-made corrugated tissue-engineered bone scaffold and other three forms of bone tissue engineering scaffolds, to study the quantity of loaded cels on different scaffolds and osteogenesis of corrugated tissue-engineered bone scaffold so as to discuss the advantages and features of self-made corrugated tissue-engineered bone scaffold. METHODS: (1) Experimentin vitro: There were four kinds of scaffolds with the same volume and samples: calcium phosphate cement (CPC) corrugated surface scaffold group, smooth surface scaffold group, cylindrical scaffold group and porous cylindrical scaffold with holow tubes group, in which the latter three groups are control ones. A certain volume with same density of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels (BMSCs) suspension after osteogenesis induction was seeded onto the scaffolds. After incubation, culture, digestion and colection, cellquantity was counted, absorbance value was finaly detected and cellactivity was proofed by alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining. (2) Experimentin vivo: New Zealand rabbits were randomly and equaly divided into recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)/CPC/BMSCs corrugated scaffold group, pure CPC corrugated scaffold group and cancelous bone implant group. Three kinds of scaffold implants with the same volume were inserted into the area between rabbit’s L5, 6 transverse processes bilateraly. At 4, 8, 12 weeks postoperatively, gross and histological observation was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Experimentin vitro: The drip of cellsuspension steadily stayed on the surface of corrugated scaffold because of corrugated shape groove and the surface tension of the liquid. The amount of cels per sample digested down from the CPC corrugated surface scaffold was significantly more than that from the other three groups (P < 0.05), while the absorbance values did not differ (P > 0.05). (2) Experimentin vivo: At each time point the osteogenesis quantity of rhBMP-2/CPC/BMSCs corrugated scaffold group was more than that of the pure CPC corrugated scaffold group (P < 0.05), while there was no difference from the cancelous bone implant group (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that the characteristics of the self-made corrugated engineered bone scaffold are beneficial to seed cellloading, which supports a large number of osteogenesis and provides feasibility to promote the healing of segmental bone defects.

Objective To study the postoperative nutritional effects of early orogastric feeding compared with nasoenteric tube enteral nutrition within postoperative 24-48 h in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) patients.Methods The clinical data of 87 PD patients from June 2013 to January 2015 in Huaxi Hospital was analyzed retrospectively.Patients were divided into orogastric enteral nutrition group and nasoenteric tube enteral nutrition group.Patients' tolerance,hospital stay,mortality,and major complications associated with PD were compared.Results The average time of bowel function recovery (P ＜0.001) and average hospital stay (P=0.017) in the nasoenteric tube enteral nutrition group were significantly shorter than those in the orogastric enteral nutrition group.The differences of patients' tolerance were not statistically different (P =0.089).The differences of major complications and mortality were not statistically different (P =0.745,P =1.00).Conclusions Nasoenteric tube enteral nutrition in after PD patients improves nitrogen balance,promotes bowel function recovery and makes hospital stay shorter.

Objective:To design and manufacture mind maps of outpatient pre-examination triage and provide references for the training of outpatient triage nurses.Methods:The mind maps team was set up, and the content of outpatient pre-examination triage was prepared preliminarily by searching literature and combining with clinical practice. The first draft of mind map of outpatient pre-examination triage was established by drawing software, and the final draft was determined after consultation and verification by experts.Results:The final mind maps of outpatient pre-examination triage are composed of three parts: head, neck and chest symptoms, abdominal symptoms and other symptoms. The mind maps of head, neck and chest symptoms and abdominal symptoms both include six modules, and the mind map of other symptoms includes five modules. Each module contains different disease symptoms and departments.Conclusions:This mind map is comprehensive and easily mastering. Meanwhile it can regulate outpatient pre-examination triage and give guidance of nurse training.