OBJECTIVE To discuss effective methods of nosocomial infection management in disinfection supply division to control the nosocomial infection and improve quality of medical care.METHODS We established the overall arrangement of disinfection supply to strenthen the cleaning,packing and sterilization management for the recycled medical instruments,storage and distribution of the aseptic products,as well as the occupational exposure and protection among the staff in there,to establish the effective nosocomial infection management organization in whole hospital,particularly in disinfection supply division,to study technology of hospital infection,and to enhance the consciousness in control of nosocomial infection.RESULTS The medical safety was improved and nosocomial infection was controlled effectively.CONCLUSIONS The scientific management in disinfection supply division,is the main path way to control nosocomial infection.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Lu’s warm needling in treating perimenopausal syndrome.Methods Sixty patients with perimenopausal syndrome were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received Lu’s warm needling and the control group, conventional acupuncture. The scores of Kupperman Index (KI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and serum estrogen (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteal hormone (LH) were observed before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results The total efficacy rate was 80.0% in the treatment group and 53.3% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in the KI score in the two groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in pre-/post-treatment KI score difference value between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in serum LH, FSH and E2 contents in the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the Hamilton Depression Scale score and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score in the two groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in the Hamilton Depression Scale score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Lu’s warm needling is an effective way to treat perimenopausal syndrome.

Objective To investigate the role of serum specific IgE(sIgE)antibodies,autoantibody and contact allergens in the pathogenesis of urticaria and the possible correlation among them.Methods The serum sIgE antibodies,autoantibody and contact allergens were tested by IVT kit,autologous serum test-ing and patch testing in145cases of urticaria.Results72.4%(84/116)of patients were positive with spe-cific IgE antibodies,among them13.8%(16/116)were strongly positive.37.7%(20/53)patients were pos-itive with autologous serum testing.In twenty-six patients the above two antibodies were tested.Specific IgE antibodies were found to be strongly positive in4(33.3%)of12patients with negative autologous testing,while in none of14patients with positive autologous testing.Patch testing was performed in21patients with chronic urticaria,90.5%(19/21)patients were positive to15of20allergens tested.Conclusion The pathogenesis of urticaria is complicated,which may include allergy to food,aeroallergens,contact allergens,as well as autoimmunity.Different allergic reactions may be present in the same individual.Contact allergens may be the factor responsible for contact urticaria.

Objective: To explore and compare the preventive effect of using letrozole and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist during luteal phase of patients at high risk for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Methods: A total of 99 infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer or intracytoplasmic sperm injection with high risk for OHSS were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial.The letrozole group (n=51) received letrozole of 7.5 mg daily for 3 days;the GnRH antagonist group (n=48) were given cetrorelix of 0.25 mg subcutaneously daily for 3 days. Both groups received support therapy combined with embryo cryopreservation. The incidence of OHSS was surveyed. And the serum concentration of estradiol, LH and progesterone on days 3, 5 and 8 after oocytes retrieval were measured. Results: There were no statistical differences in terms of baseline characteristics of patients and outcomes of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation between the two groups.The incidence of moderate and severe OHSS was found no significantly difference between letrozole group [11.8%(6/51)] and GnRH antagonist group [10.4%(5/48);P>0.05]. The estradiol concentration of the indicated days on days 3,5 and 8 after oocytes retrieval in letrozole group and GnRH antagonist group were (1 417±3 543) versus (15 210±9 921) pmol/L, (1 692±4 330) versus (18 680±11 567) pmol/L, (239±336) versus (3 582±5 427) pmol/L, respectively;compared with GnRH antagonist group, the estradiol level was significantly lower in the letrozole group (all P<0.01). The luteinizing hormone level in the letrozole group were (0.46±0.40), (0.56±0.55)and (0.67±0.58) U/L on days 3,5 and 8 after oocytes retrieval, which were significantly higher than those of GnRH antagonist group [(0.28±0.28), (0.30±0.19) and (0.45±0.37) U/L, respectively; all P<0.05]. There was no obvious differences on progesterone levels between letrozole group and GnRH antagonist group (all P>0.05),and on days 8 after oocytes retrieval,the level of progesterone in each group were significantly lower than those on day 3 and 5 after oocytes retrieval (P<0.05). Conclusion Letrozole has the same efficiency as GnRH antagonist for the prevention of OHSS, faster and cheaper to use, but its efficacy seems not to be related to the suppression of steroidogenic during the luteal phase.

Bacterial cell division is strictly regulated in the formation of equal daughter cells. This process is governed by a series of spatial and temporal regulators, and several new factors of interest to the field have recently been identified. Here, we report the requirement of gluconate 5-dehydrogenase (Ga5DH) in cell division of the zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis. Ga5DH catalyzes the reversible reduction of 5-ketogluconate to D-gluconate and was localized to the site of cell division. The deletion of Ga5DH in S. suis resulted in a plump morphology with aberrant septa joining the progeny. A significant increase was also observed in cell length. These defects were determined to be the consequence of Ga5DH deprivation in S. suis causing FtsZ delocalization. In addition, the interaction of FtsZ with Ga5DH in vitro was confirmed by protein interaction assays. These results indicate that Ga5DH may function to prevent the formation of ectopic Z rings during S. suis cell division.
Bacterial Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Division ; Cell Shape ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Oxidoreductases ; deficiency ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Streptococcus suis ; enzymology

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of the caudal block and Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) for transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy.Methods 60 elderly patients with transrectal ultrasound guided transperineal prostate biopsy were randomized into Group A and Group B.Patients in Group A received ultrasound guided caudal block (0.33％ ropivacaine 15 ml) and patients in Group B received TIVA.In operation room (T1),immediately before operation (T2) and at the end of operation (T3),mean artery pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),breathing rate (BR) and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded.The patients in two groups were rated the level of mini-mental state examination (MMES) at 2 h,8 h and 24 h after operation.Complications during the whole study period were also evaluated.Results The values of MAP,HR and BR of T1 in group B were significantly lower than those at T2 (P＜0.05),and were lower than those in the group A (P ＜0.05).The MMSE value in group A [2 h (25.66 ± 1.71) and 8 h (26.13 ± 1.52)] was significantly higher than that in group B [2 h (27.96 ± 1.71) and 8 h (29.01 ± 0.77)] at after operation (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of usage of ephedrine (13％) and assisted ventilation (20％) in group B was higher.No significant differences were detected in side effects between the two groups.Conclusions Caudal block provides better anesthesia than TIVA for TRUS guided prostate biopsy without an increase of side effects,and it may be safely used during ambulatory surgery.

Objective To investigate the effects of α-lipoic acid(ALA)on 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)-induced autophagy in human neuroblastoma(SH-SYSY)cells and its possible mechanisms.Methods SH-SYSY cells were divided into 5 groups:blank control group (group A),ALA group (group B),6-OHDA group(group C),ALA+6-OHDA group(group D),and rapamycin(RAPA)group (group E).The cell viability,cell apoptosis,and oxidative stress were assayed and analyzed in A-D group.The expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3-Ⅱ,AMP-activated protein kinase(AMP-K),phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK),the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p-mTOR were detected by Western blot in A-E group.Results Compared with the blank control group,the 6-OHDA group significantly reduced the cell viability(P ＜ 0.01) and p-mTOR protein expression (P ＜0.05),and increased the cellular apoptosis rate(P＜0.01),oxidative stress level(P ＜0.01),LC3-Ⅱ protein expression(P＜0.05,with the highest level at 6 h after treatment),and p-AMPK protein expression(P＜＜0.05).There was no significant difference in these indices between ALA group and the blank control group.Compared with 6-OHDA group,ALA+ 6-OHDA group showed that the cell viability(P ＜ 0.01) and p-mTOR protein expression (P ＜ 0.05) were increased,while the cellular apoptosis rate(P＜0.01),oxidative stress level(P＜0.01),LC3-Ⅱ protein expression(P ＜0.05),and p-AMPK protein expression (P ＜ 0.05)were decreased.Conclusions The 6-OHDA can induce oxidative stress and autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells and decrease the cell viability.ALA can alleviate the 6-OHDA-induced cell injury possibly by inhibiting autophagy via AMPK/mTOR pathway.

We aimed at analyzing the structure of extracellular polysaccharide A from Grifola frondosa (EXGFP-A) and testing its immunomodulatory activity. Structural analysis shows that EXGFP-A was a contained α-D-glucoside bond and pyranose ring. GC analysis reveals that EXGFP-A was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose, by the molar ratio of 0.28:0.31:0.30:0.06:7.98:0.61. The results of MTT(3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay indicates when EXGFP-A was at a concentration of 80 μg/mL and treatment time of 48 h, RAW264.7 cells proliferation index reached a maximum of 137.5%. Meanwhile, the AO staining showed that EXGFP-A activated RAW264.7 cells and improved the level of intracellular nucleic acid metabolism. In addition, in a certain range of concentration, EXGFP-A was able to increase the release of NO in RAW264.7 cells, and upregulate the mRNA expression of immunological factor TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-γ and iNOS of RAW264.7 cells. Our results confirm that EXGFP-A had immunomodulatory activity. Our findings provided scientific basis for the structural analysis and application of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide.
Animals ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Grifola ; chemistry ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; immunology ; RAW 264.7 Cells

In this study, a multiplex RT-PCR method was developed for detection of seven diarrhea-associated porcine viruses, including porcine teschovirus (PTV), porcine sapovirus (PSV), porcine deltacornavirus (PDCoV), porcine kobuvirus (PKV), porcine sapovirus (PSaV), porcine astrovirus (PAstV) and porcine torovirus (PToV). A total of 419 samples were screened by this method and results showed that PKV had the highest positive rate of 26.98%?45.79% and its mixed infection rate reached 9.52%-18.54%. On account of high positive rate of PKV and its important role in diarrhea disease, complete genomic sequences of three PKV positive samples were further sequenced. Three PKV labeled as PD-PKV, JS-PKV and CM-PKV were classified into porcine kobuvirus genus and had far genetic distance with other kobuviruses. The complete genome homologies among them were 88.1%-89.1%. CM-PKV had the highest identity with the Chinese strain JS-02a-CHN/2013 reported in 2013 while JS-PKV and PD-PKV were most closed to the K-30-HUN/2008/HUN strain reported in Hungary in 2008. This illustrates the significant genetic differences of the different PKV isolates in Shanghai while its relationship with the viral pathogenicity still needs to be explored. This research provides references for further understanding the prevalence of PKV and its role in swine diarrhea.