1-(2,6-Dimethylphenoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamino) propane hydrochloride(DDPH) caused parallel rightward shifts of the phenylephrine(Phe) concentration-contractile response curves and did not suppress the maximal contractile response to Phe (pA2=7.24) in isolated rabbit urinary bladder smooth muscle. DDPH decreased the parameters of cystometry in urethane-anesthetized rats. Thirty minutes after DDPH (25 and 50 mg*kg-1 ig) administration, bladder capacity, voiding pressure, voiding threshold pressure were significantly decreased. With the observation of light-microscope and electron-microscope technique, DDPH (25 and 50 mg*kg-1*d-1 ig for 4 weeks) also inhibited the development of testosterone propionate-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. The results indicate that DDPH may inhibit benign prostatic hyperplasia and improve the urinary flow.

Objective To determine the nutrients contents in muscle of Culter erythropterus and evaluate its nutritive value. Method The nutrients composition was analysed by general method. Results The contents of moisture, crude protein, total fat, total sugar and ash were 78.29%, 18.31%, 0.97%, 1.18% and 1.17%, respectively. The total amount of AA, EAA, NEAA and FTAA was 71.93%, 31.61%, 40.32% and 25.57%, respectively. 26 kinds of FA were identified. There were 6 kinds of SFA, 20 kinds of UFA. The contents of SFA, MUFA and PUFA were 26.26%, 29.61% and 39.91%, respectively. The contents of DG, TG, FFA, Cho and PL were 3.69%, 11.71%, 23.60%, 0.54% and 60.46%, respectively. Conclusion The crude protein and PUFA were high in muscle of Culter erythropterus. It was beneficial for health to eat it regularly.

Objective:To assess the safety,effectiveness and acceptability of oral midazolam sedation for dental treatment in children.Methods: Twenty-three health children aged 4 to 14(ASA Ⅰ),who were classified as 4 or 5 by modified Venham's clinic anxiety and cooperative behavior rating scale,referred for dental treatment were included in the study.Each child was treated under sedation with oral midazolam(0.15-0.70 mg/kg),and totally 45 sedations were conducted.At each visit,heart rate,arterial oxygen saturation,respiration rate,sedation and behavioral scores were recorded.The level of acceptance and satisfaction of the patients and their guardians were recorded after the treatment.Results: Among the 23 children,19 were boys and 4 were girls with mean age of 6.2 years old.In all the 45 treatments,the heart rate,respiratory rate and arterial oxygen saturation levels were within acceptable clinical limits.Forty planned treatments were completed satisfactorily.Oral sedation was ineffective in 3 children,and they were treated under general anesthesia.Only 2 guardians refused to have oral midazolam sedation again.Six of seven children who had regular dental check-up could be treated under normal condition.Conclusion: Oral midazolam(0.15-0.70 mg/kg) could be a safe and acceptable approach of sedation for pediatric dental patients.

Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the comprehensive control measures carrying out in schistosomia-sis endemic inner embankment of marshland and lake regions from 2006 to 2010,so as to provide the reference for further rational allocation of limited health resources and ultimately speeding up the procedure of schistosomiasis elimination. Methods With ref-erence to the requirements of the national schistosomiasis transmission control and phase goals for schistosomiasis control in Hubei Province,Jiangling County,one schistosomiasis control pilot of Hubei Province combined with the National Health and Family Planning Commission and Ministry of Agriculture,was selected for the study. A definition of the infection rates of human and do- mestic animals was used for endemic villages stratified by different layers(i.e.,the village with the infection rates of human and domestic animals ≥3% belonged to the first layer,≥ 1% belonged to the second layer;<1% belonged to the third layer). By us- ing the stratification method and cost-effectiveness analysis,the endemic villages stratified with the different layers were investi- gated and all the data of schistosomiasis endemic situation,cost and effectiveness of schistosomiasis control were collected and comprehensively analyzed from 2006 to 2010. Results In the effectiveness of schistosomiasis control,by the end of 2010, there were no first layer villages,there were 114 second layer villages,and there were 18 third layer villages in Jiangling Coun- ty. In the former first layer villages,the schistosomiasis patients decreased year by year ultimately to 0;but in the second and third layer villages,the schistosomiasis patients increased. In the fecal treatment and management,the coverage rates of harm- less sanitary latrines were 27.45% in 2009 and 48.74% in 2010 respectively in the second layer villages,whereas there were no harmless sanitary latrines in the first and third layer villages. In the 5 years,the input of comprehensive control measures was 10 266 3900 Yuan,much higher than the human and buffalo examinations and treatments,Oncomelania hupensis snail investi- gation and elimination(4 183 000 Yuan)and other labor inputs(2 239 500Yuan). In the ratio of cost-effectiveness,the annual ratio of unit cost(1% reduction of human and buffalo infection and 1 hm2 reduction of snail areas)increased yearly. In addition, the semi-logarithmic stability trend analysis of health inputs and cost showed that there was a stable balance between inputs and cost in the different layers(logarithmic values of any two layers of pair-wise comparison were <1,and in the third layer villages, the annual average logarithmic values of 5 years were <1). Whereas,in the first and second layer villages,the annual average cost was fluctuated(the costs was higher than the inputs). Conclusion The schistosomiasis situation is reduced year by year in Jiangling County from 2006 to 2010. Whereas,the main infection source(buffaloes)still exists and the present control mea- sures including fecal management should be further strengthened. In the resource allocation,in the field of health,the annual distribution of key inputs and unit-cost control also has a further space of adjustment.

Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; rehabilitation ; Pneumoconiosis ; rehabilitation ; Respiratory Therapy

Objective To analyze the spatial-time distribution characteristics of schistosomiasis in Jiangling County ,Hubei Province from 2006 to 2011. Methods The surveillance data of schistosomiasis of Jiangling County from 2006 to 2011 were col-lected,and a spatial database was established. The spatial-time permutation cluster analysis was performed by SaTScan 9.1.1 to detect the spatial-time cluster areas of schistosomiasis,and a risk map was drawn by ArcGIS 10.0. Results Compared to 2006, the infection rates of human,cattle and Oncomelania hupensis snails decreased by 47.67%,93.34%and 52.41%,respectively in 2011. The space-time permutation clustering analysis of the infection rates of human,cattle and snails showed 4,3 and 4 clusters,respectively,and all the clustered areas were distributed in inner embankment areas. Conclusions From 2006 to 2011,the schistosomiasis endemic situation presents a decline trend in Jiangling County. The detected cluster areas are the im-portant areas for schistosomiasis control. The space-time permutation statistics could be used in the analysis of endemic situation of schistosomiasis.

Objectiveto investigate serum leptin concentration and lipdid levels in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their clinical significance. MethodsBlood samples were collected from 47 patients with esophageal cancer, 20 healthy control subjects. Serum leptin was measured by ELISA and serum lipids was measured by biochemistry auto-analyzer. ResultsThe serum leptin concentration and LP α levels in patients group were significantly higher than those in control group[(13.09±5.94) ng/ml vs (7.584±4.15) ng/ml,(216.50±752.52) ng/ml vs(87.85±10.73) mg/L](P=0.001).However,the TG concentration was significantly lower than control group [(1.23±0.46) mmol/L vs (1.58±0.07) mmol/L]( P=0.001 ).Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant association between serum leptin levels and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma incident(ORLeptm =1.442,95％ CI 1.094-1.848). ConclusionThe increased serum leptin levels maybe the risk factors of esophageal cancer,elevated LP α levels in patients might be a compensatory reactions.

Objective To build a high quality diagnosis system for schistosomiasis surveillance in the situation of low infec-tion in Jianglin County. Methods The network laboratory for schistosomiasis diagnosis was built according to the national crite-ria in Jianglin County in 2012. Results The network laboratory for schistosomiasis diagnosis was established successfully and the operation was quiet well. Conclusion The establishment and operation of the laboratory play an important role in the real-ization of schistosomiasis elimination.

Objective To analyze the main characteristics of air pollution in Nanchang City, and discuss the correlation between air pollution exposure (especially PM2.5) and the development of pneumonia related intensive care unit (ICU) patients and their lag effect.Methods 2454 patients who lived in Nanchang City admitted to ICU of Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 1st, 2014 to December 31st, 2016 were enrolled. According to the diagnosis, the patients were divided into pneumonia group (156 cases) and non-pneumonia group (2298 cases). The general clinical characteristics of patients and air pollution concentration in Nanchang in the year between 2014-2016 were collected. Multiple regression model was used to analyze the influence of meteorological factors on the condition of ICU patients associated with pneumonia. Using odds ratio (OR), the correlation intensity of air pollution exposure and pneumonia related ICU patients' development was reflected, and the confidence level of association intensity was reflected by the 95％ confidence interval (95％CI). The distribution lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was established to evaluate the effect of air mass parameters on the time lag effect.Results The results of air pollution analysis in Nanchang City in the year between 2014-2016 showed that the annual average concentration of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was low and maintained at the same level in the year between 2014-2016. The annual average concentration of CO and NO2 increased in the year between 2014-2016, but the average annual concentration of SO2 decreased rapidly in the year between 2014-2016, and the average annual concentration of PM2.5 tended to slow down after the year between 2014-2016. The annual average concentration of PM10 decreased in the year between 2014-2016, but continued to rise in the year between 2014-2016. The annual mean concentration of O3 showed a trend of continuous increase from the year between 2014-2016. The age of pneumonia group was generally higher than that of non-pneumonia group, most of them were male, and had higher expected mortality and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ) score. The average air temperature in the pneumonia group was lower than that in the non-pneumonia group on the day of entering the group, and the air pollutants such as PM2.5 and PM10 were significantly higher than those in the non-pneumonia group. The analysis of multiple regression models showed that PM2.5 and air temperature were significantly related to patients with ICU pneumonia on the day of entry (PM2.5:OR = 1.02, 95％CI =1.00-1.03,P < 0.05; air temperature:OR = 0.96, 95％CI = 0.92-0.98,P < 0.05), and the effect of PM2.5 on patients with ICU pneumonia could last for at least 5 days (OR = 1.04, 95％CI = 1.00-1.09,P < 0.05), and the effect disappeared until the 7th day. According to the analysis of the influence of different concentrations of PM2.5 on ICU pneumonia patients, when the PM2.5 concentration reached 200μg/m3, its effect on ICU pneumonia patients would last for 5 days (OR = 1.45, 95％CI = 1.07-1.76,P < 0.01).Conclusion PM2.5 and air temperature are significantly related to the condition of ICU patients with pneumonia, and the influence of high concentration of PM2.5 on ICU patients with pneumonia has a lag effect.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of routinely used pattern for schistosomiasis diagnosis in lake and marshland regions. Methods A historically heavy endemic village of schistosomiasis named Jinggan Village from Jiangling County was se?lected for field survey. The residents aged 6?65 years were screened by indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA)and dipstick dye immunoassay(DDIA)in parallel. The serological positives were examined by Kato?Katz technique and miracidium hatching technique to determine the infection of schistosome. The consistency of the two serological methods was evaluated. In addition , the schistosome infection rates were estimated according to the 3 detection patterns namely IHA,DDIA,IHA+DDIA combined with the etiologic examination. Results A total of 530 individuals were examined by the serological tests. The positive rate of DDIA was 46.98%(249/530),significantly higher than that of IHA(28.49%,151/530)(χ2=59.55,P<0.01). Totally 279 in?dividuals were serological positives determined by IHA or DDIA,while 252 of them were detected by stool examination,and 22 cases were determined as parasitological positives,while 7 and 3 cases were diagnosed as antibody negatives by IHA and DDIA,respectively. The estimated infection rates determined by IHA,DDIA,IHA plus DDIA combined with stool examination were 3.14%,3.97%、4.60%,respectively. Conclusions Under the condition of endemic situation becoming more and more waning,the current routinely used pattern for schistosomiasis detection may lead to missed diagnosis. So,more sensitive and ef?fective diagnostic tools or appropriate detection patterns need to be explored.