To adapt to the new medical enviroment and aiming at the problems existing in clinical teaching,the author explores the value and feasibility of new cultivation mode and its concrete methods to make clininal educatinon play more inportont role in medical education and medical elite cultivation

Objective To study the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) on the viability of skin flap treated with radiotherapy at different time after operation and clarify its enhancing effect on angiogenesis.Methods Fifty Wistar rat were randomly divided into 3,5,7,9 d groups and control group.A 3 cm?4 cm full thickness dorsal flap with the pedicle remaining attached at the posterior end in rats and were treated with 60Co radiotherapy at the 2nd,4th,and 6th day postoperatively.The total quantity was 12 Gy.In the experiment groups every rat was given VEGF 120 ng on the 3rd,5th,7th and 9th day.The rats in control group were given the same quality normal saline and radiotherapy.Pathological observation,fluorescence staining and sesuccinic dehyrogenase(SDH) assay were used to measure the blood vessel density,blood vessel diameter,microcirculation and cell vitality of skin flap.Results In 5 d and 7 d VEGF group,the number of average blood vessels and cells of the skin falp was increased compared with control group(P

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of multidrug resistance gene(MDR1),multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP),lung resistance protein (LRP),glutathione S-transferase-?(GST-?)mRNA in non-small cell lung cancer. Methods From Oct.1996 to Oct.2001,RT-PCR was used to investigate the mRNA expression of the above four genes.We followed up the survival time one by one and calculated the probability of survival. Results The total positive rate of the four multidrug resistance gene was 53.1%,65.3%,67.3%,83.3%.There was a significant difference between the coexpression and the single positive rate( P 0.05).With the increasing expression of the MDR the curves moved to left,the survival time and probability reduced. Conclusion The coexpression of the MRG results in the MDR and affects the prognosis directly.It can be used as a criterion to evaluate the prognosis.

BACKGROUNDTo study the levels of expression, coexpression, and clinical significancer of four multidrug resistance factors in lung cancer.

METHODSThe P glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP), lung resistance protein (LRP), glutathione S-transferase (GST-π) of 60 lung cancer patients were detected by using immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSThe positive rate of the drug resistance factor was 53.3% (32/60), 63.3% (38/60), 70.0% (42/60), and 80.0% (48/60) for P-gp, MRP, LRP, and GST-π respectively. Patients with NSCLC had significantly higher expression of the drug resistance factors than those with SCLC. On the other hand, no relationship was observed between the expression of drug resistance factors and TNM stage and cell differentiation. The coexpression rate was as follows: P-gp+MRP, 41.6% ; P-gp+LRP, 35.0%; MRP+LRP, 53.3%; MRP+GST-π, 50.0%; LRP+GST-π, 58.3%; P-gp+GST-π, 45.0%; P-gp+MRP+LRP+GST-π, 20.0%. Among them, a relationship was detected between P-gp and MRP ( rs =0.756, P < 0.01), between P-gp and LRP ( rs =0.686, P < 0.01), between MRP and LRP ( rs =0.669, P < 0.01), between MRP and GST-π( rs =0.546, P < 0.01), between LRP and GST-π ( rs =0.848, P < 0.01), between P-gp and LRP ( rs =0.689, P < 0.01), and between P-gp and GST-π ( rs = 0.535 , P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe MDR in lung cancer patients is affected by various multidrug resistance factors. The drug resistance factors' expression is related to histology, but not to TNM stage and cell differentiation.

This study aimed at conducting retrospective analysis of the clinical symptoms and genetic mutations in 20 children with Gitelman syndrome treated at the Affiliated Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from August 2015 to November 2022 and also explored the molecular mechanism of the pathogenic high-frequency mutation D486N in the Chinese population.