Objective To investigate the effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on erythrocyte immunity in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Twenty-four patients (13 male, 11 female) who developed acute cerebral infarction for less than 3 days were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=12each): Group A receiving traditional treatment and Group B receiving traditional treatment + SGB.The patients ranged in age from 51 to 64 yr and weighed 52-71 kg. All patients received intravenous 5% glucose 25 ml plus citicoline sodium 1.0 g and sodium ozagrel injectio 250 ml daily for 10 days in addition to dehydration and effective control of complications and intracranial pressure. Group B received SGB on one side alternatively with 1% licocaine 10 mi once a day for 10 days. Fasting venous blood samples were taken in the early mornings of the day before treatment (baseline, T1 ) and the 1st, 5th and 10th day of treatment (T2-4) for determination of the plasma MDA concentration and SOD activity, erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (RBC-C3bRR) and RBC immune complex rosette rate (RBC-ICR) and Ne+-K+-ATPase activity in erythrocyte membrane.Results The plasma MDA concentration and RBC-ICR were significantly decreased during treatment es compared with the baselines at T1 in both groups (P＜0.05 or 0.01), but were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (P＜0.05 or 0.01 ).The activities of plasma SOD and Na+ -K+ -ATPase in erythrocyte membrane and RBC-C3bRR were significantly increased during treatment as compared with the baselines at T1 and were significantly higher in Group B than in Group A.Conclusion SGB combined with traditional treatment can increase the activities of plasma SOD and Na+ -K+ -ATPase in erythrocyte membrane, inhibit production of oxygen free radicals and enhance RBC immune function in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective To investigate the effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on brain injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods Forty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes aged 22-50 yr weighing 40-64 kg undergoing elective cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20 each): control group (group C) and SGB group. Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated for BP and CVP monitoring. A catheter was inserted into left internal jugular vein under local anesthesia and advanced cephalad until resistance was met for blood sampling. Right SGB was performed with 0.25% ropivacaine 10 ml. Successful block was confirmed by ipsilateral Homer's syndrome.ECG, BP, CVP and SpO2 were monitored. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.2 mg/kg, fentanyl 5-8 μg/kg and vecuronium 0.12 mg/kg and maintained with fentanyl infusion at 8-10 μg· kg- 1· h- 1 and intermittent iv boluses of midazolam and vecuronium. Blood samples were collected for determination of plasma NO, ET-1, S100β protein and NSE concentrations and NOS activity immediately after left internal jugular vein was retrogradely catheterized (T0 ), at 30 min of CPB (T1), 10 min after release of aortic cross clamp (T2 ), 6 and 24 h after operation (T3 ,T4 ). The patients' cognitive function was assessed by using mini-mental state examination (MMSE) the day before operation and on 1st and 7th day after operation. Results The plasma ET-1, S100β protein and NSE concentrations were significantly increased during and after operation at T1-3 as compared with baseline values at T0 in both groups and were significantly lower in group SGB than in group C. Plasma NO concentration was significantly increased during CPB at T1 as compared with the baseline at T0 in both groups but was significant higher after CPB at T2 but lower after operation at T3,4 in gToup SGB than in group C. The NOS activity was significantly higher during operation at T1,2 in group SGB than in group C. The cognitive function was significantly better at 1st postoperative day in group SGB than in group C. Compared with the baseline value,NO/ET-1 ratio was significantly decreased during and after operation in group C,but no significant change in NO/ET-1 ratio was found in group SGB. Conclusion SGB can attenuate brain injury induced by CPB by improving cerebral perfusion through maintenance of relative balance of NO/ET-1.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role and mechanism of cervical sympathetic ganglia block in alleviation of cerebrovascular spasm (CVS) of rabbits after subarachnoid hemorrhage ( SAH ).Methods A total of 18 healthy male white rabbits whose cervical sympathetic ganglia were successfully blocked were randomly divided into three groups:sham operation group (Group A),SAH group (Group B) and SAH with cervical sympathetic ganglia block group (Group C).Venous blood (2 ml) and cerebrospinal fluid (2 ml) were obtained before the first blood injection ( T1 ),at 30 minutes after injection ( T2 ) and at day 7 after injection ( T3 ),respectively,and conserved in a low temperature refrigerator for spare use.Basilar artery value at T1,T2 and T3 was measured via cerebral angiography.The degree of damage to nervous system at T3 was recorded.ResultsThere was no significant difference in diameter of basilar artery at T1 among three groups.At T2 and T3,the diameters of basilar artery of Groups B and C were shorter than that of Group A,with Group B shorter than Group C,with statistical differences ( P ＜0.01 ).There were no significant differences in NO and NOS in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid at T1 among three groups (P＞0.05).NO and NOS contents at T2 and T3 were lower than those at T1,with Group A lower than Groups B and C,with statistical differences (P＜0.01 ).At T3,the nerve function of Groups B and C were better than that of Group A,with Group C better than Group B ( P ＜0.01 ).Conclusion Cervical sympathetic ganglia block relieves CVS,increases NO content and NOS activity in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and promotes neural functional recovery after SAH.

Objective To evaluate the value of whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of recurrence/metastasis of cervical cancer.Methods A retrospective study was performed on 95 patients with cervical cancer who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after treatment.The lesion characteristics on 18F-FDG PET/CT were assessed visually and semi-quantitatively.A final diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology,diagnostic treatment and clinical follow-up imaging.The data were analyzed by Kappa test.Results 18 F-FDG PET/CT was positive in 54 patients,including 24 with local recurrence and 30 with distant metastases.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of recurrence/metastasis of cervical cancer were 98.1％ (52/53),95.2％ (40/42) and 96.8％ (92/95),respectively.The positive predictive and negative predictive value were 96.3％ (52/54) and 97.6％ (40/41),respectively.18F-FDG PET/CT showed concordant results with pathological/clinical follow-up findings (Kappa =0.936,P＜0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT is a sensitive and specific modality for the detection of recurrence/metastasis of cervical cancer and might be useful for further treatment plan.

Objective:To build an HPLC method for the determination of baicalin and geniposide in Ganxueguanliu Huoxue cap-sules. Methods:An Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm) column was chosen for the analysis. The mobile phase con-sisted of 0. 2% phosphoric acid (A) and methanol (B) with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1. The detection wave-length was set at 238 nm and the column temperature was 25℃. Results:A good linear relationship was observed within the range of 0. 418-8. 360 μg·ml-1 for baicalin (r=0. 999 9) and 0. 226-4. 524μg·ml-1 for geniposide (r=0. 999 9). The average recovery of baicalin and geniposide was 99. 79% (RSD=1. 55%, n=6) and 100. 2%(RSD=2. 05%, n=6), respectively. Conclusion: The method is rapid, convenient and specific, which can be used for the content determination of baicalin and geniposide in Ganxueguanliu Huoxue capsules.

Objective:To artificially design and express a recombinant protein named as ScFv-pLLO by fusing ScFv gene of Rituximab(C2B8)and dominant antigen epitopes from listeriolysin O(LLO),and studying its anti-tumor activity.Methods:VH and VL gene sequences of C2B8 against CD20 were acquired by searching United States Patent database,and ScFv sequence was constructed by linking VL and VH with a short peptide linker.Two CD4+T cell epitopes from LLO were selected and designed to splice ScFv sequence.The recombinant gene of ScFv-pLLO was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector and purified after induction.The capacity of ScFv-pLLO target-binding to B-cell lymphomas was evaluated by flow cytometry ( FCM ) and co-immunoprecipitation ( Co-IP ) .The effects of ScFv-pLLO on B-cell lymphomas proliferation and apoptosis were detected respectively.The immunogenicity of ScFv-pLLO was assessed by lymphocyte proliferation assay.Results: ScFv-pLLO was successfully expressed.It could bind to different B-cell lymphomas cell lines and obviously inhibit the growth of Raji cells as well as inducing apoptosis.Moreover,ScFv-pLLO was able to stimulate proliferation of spleen lymphocytes of immunized mice.Conclusion: The recombinant protein ScFv-pLLO can target-bind to B-cell lymphomas,and perform inhibitory effect and induce apoptosis on Raji cells that indicate ScFv-pLLO retain the capacity of ScFv derived from monoclonal antibody against CD20.Besides, ScFv-pLLO can induce immune response.This study provides a basis for further research about the role of ScFv-pLLO on simulating tumor cell antigens as well as being tumor vaccine adjuvant.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of CIK on the proliferation of Lewis lung carcinoma cell line and the growth of transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6N mice in vivo.Methods CIK cells were induced by culturing PBMC with regular method.The proliferation of Lewis lung carcinoma cells was measured by MTT assay.Uhramicrostrueture of Lewis lung carcinoma cells was observed under a transmission electron microscope.Flowcytometric analysis was used to detect cell apoptosis.Ultrastructural observation expressions of FasL were individually determined by MTT and immunocytochemistry(ICC) analysis.Results Electron microscopic observations sbowed that CIK cells could induce the hepatoma cells to apoptosis.Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that apoptosis cells of Lewis lung carcinoma were increased in CIK group compared with those in the control group.FasL expression on CIK increased.Cytotoxieity was blocked after addition of anti-FasmAb.Conclusion CIK has inhibitory effect on Lewis lung carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo.CIK cells can induce the apoptosis of Lewis lung carcinoraa cells.and Fas/FasL pathway plays an important role in apoptosis of Lewis lung carcinoma cells by CIK.

In order to cultivate clinical pharmacy undergraduates to have better quality, Chongqing Medical University collaborated with The University of Chicago and University of Cincinnati in the reform of the course of pharmacotherapeutics. We build pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum with the center of disease, construct department of clinical pharmacy for transnational departments, build course leader and teaching team of pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum , compile teaching program and its material of pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum, build pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum and teaching model in line with the current direction of China's education system of clinical pharmacy training, reform teaching methods, and strengthen clinical pharmacy practice and community clinical pharmacy education.

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury(AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement treatment(CRRT) in patients with acute type A aortic dissection after Sun's operation.Methods A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with acute type A aortic dissection underwent Sun's operation in Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2009 to December 2015.These patients were divided into two groups according to whether had severe postoperative AKI requiring CRRT treatment:the dialysis group(AG,65 cases) and the control group(CG,618 cases),we compared the clinical outcomes of patients in two groups and analyzed the related risk factors.Results 50 patients(7.3％) died in hospital.Compared with patients in CG group,patients in AG group had higher age,more patients with preoperative coronary heart disease,pericardial tamponade,and higher rates of intraoperative coronary artery hypass surgery or valve surgery,the results were statistically different between the two groups(P ＜0.05).The patients in AG group had a higher mortality rate in hospital(26.2％ vs.5.3％),and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.001).The results of multiple regression analysis suggested that the age ＞ 50 years,preoperative history of pericardial tamponade,intraoperative need for combined coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery,and cerebral perfusion time ＞40 min were independent risk factors for CRRT treatment of postoperative severe AKI(P ＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of severe AKI requiring CRRT treatment in patients with acute type A aortic dissection after Sun's operation was 9.5％,and the discharge survival rate in AG group was lower than that in CG group.An important way to reduce the incidence of severe AKI requiring CRRT after sun's surgery is to shorten the intraoperative cerebral perfusion time as much as possible.

Objective:To prepare specific molecular probe 18F-AlF-1, 4, 7-triazacylononane-1, 4, 7-triacetic acid-(polyethylene glycol) 4-ZD2 ( 18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2) for targeting extradomain-B fibronectin (EDB-FN), and evaluate its properties in vitro and in vivo. Methods:18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2 was prepared by one-step chelation labeling with Al 18F. The radiochemical purity and in vitro stability were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The partition coefficient (logP) of 18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2 was evaluated, and the cell uptake experiment was carried out (triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells (1×10 6/tube) were divided into 3 groups ( n=3 per group); positive group, inhibition group, control group). MicroPET imaging was performed on MDA-MB-231 bearing nude mice ( n=3) after 18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2 injection (30, 60, 90, 120 min) and compared with blocking group ( n=3, NOTA-PEG 4-ZQ 2 was preinjected at 0.5 h before 18F-AIF-NOTA-PEG a-ZD2 injection). Independent-sample t test was used to analyze the data. Results:18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2 was successfully prepared. The optimized radiochemical yield was (33.8±2.1)% (undecay corrected, n=8) and the radiochemical purity was >96%. After incubating 120 min at 37 ℃, the radiochemical purity of 18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2 in human serum and PBS was >93%, indicating its good stability in vitro. The specific activity was (11.1±3.2) GBq/μmol, and logP was -1.43±0.05. The uptake value of tumor cells was (1.77±0.28) percentage applied activity (%AR)/10 6 cells at 120 min post-injection in positive group, and the total uptake value of the inhibition group was (0.76±0.07) %AR/10 6 cells ( t=4.30, P=0.032). MicroPET imaging in tumor bearing nude mice showed that 18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2 was mainly metabolized by the liver and kidneys. The tumor uptake value was (1.94±0.21) percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) at 60 min post-injection and the tumor/muscle ratio was 3.80±0.25 at 90 min post-injection in the experimental group, while the tumor uptake value of tumor bearing nude mice in the blocking group was (0.43±0.09) %ID/g at 60 min post-injection ( t=3.18, P=0.006). Conclusions:18F-AlF-NOTA-PEG 4-ZD2 can be prepared simply with high labeling rate and good stability in vitro, with high tumor uptake and tumor/muscle ratio in microPET imaging, and good specificity and long tumor residence time. The probe has good application prospect in breast cancer with high expression of fibronectin subtype EDB-FN.