Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication in colorectal surgery;The healing of intestine is still the hot spot of current research.Methods of estimating intestinal healing mainly include mechanical,biochemical,immunohistochemical and hitological Method.The estimating parameters mainly Comprise bursting pressure,breaking strength,the amount of collangen and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP),and the scale for histology.The measurement of collagen and MMP is the nost import ant index for estimating healing of intestinal anastomoses.Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein that determines the mechanical stability of the connective tissue during wound healing.Collagen degradation is usually the result of the synergistic action of several MMPs.

Objective To compare the healing ability differences between left colonic anastomosis and right colonic anastomosis in rats, in order to find a theoretical basis for the surgical management of colon resection. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (end-to-end anastomosis of right colon, n=20), and group B (end-to-end anastomosis of left colon, n=20). Half of the rats in each group were sacrificed on the fourth day after operation, and the rest on the seventh day. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-13 and collagen type Ⅰ were shown by immunohistochemical staining, and the histopathologic changes at the anastomosis were also demonstrated. Results The expression of MMP-1, MMP-13 at left colonic anastomosis was higher than that of MMP-1, MMP-13 at right colonic anastomosis, the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was lower than that of collagen type Ⅰ at right colonic anastomosis on the fourth day (P<0.05); The expression of MMP-1 at left colonic anastomosis was higher than that of MMP-1 at right colonic anastomosis, the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was lower than that of collagen type Ⅰ at right colonic anastomosis on the seventh day (P<0.05). Conclusions The healing ability of right colonic anastomosis is higher than that of left colonic anastomosis.

AIM:To prepare the Lyophiled Royal Jelly Soft Capsule and study its stability and Influential factors.METHODS:The suspending agent and processing method were optimized using sedimentation volume rate as the index.Soft capsules were prepared and product stability under high temperature and high humidity environment was studied according to the determination of the content of 10-HAD by HPLC.RESULTS:The finished product yield in pilot test was more than 90%,the soft capsule products stored in cold were stable,while those stored under room temperature or high temperature and high humidity were unstable with a noticeable decrease in quality.Water content in capsule shell affects the 10-HDA content of the finished product.CONCLUSION:The preparative process is feasible and the products should be storaged in cold enviroment.

BACKGROUND:Stromal cel derived factor-1 is a smal molecular protein with a wide range of biological activity that can cause immune cel chemotaxis, and it also has a chemotactic effect on bone marrow stem cels and periodontal ligament cels.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of stromal cel derived factor-1 with different concentrations on the proliferation of bone marrow stem cels and to probe the best concentration.
METHODS:Bone marrow stem cels from beagle dogs were culturedin vitro and stimulated by different concentrations of stromal cel derived factor-1 (100, 200, 300 μg/L). MTT was used to detect the influence of stromal cel derived factor-1 on the proliferation of bone marrow stem cels so as to screen the best concentration of stromal cel derived factor-1. Then, stromal cel derived factor-1 at the best concentrations was used to intervene the bone marrow stem cels, and MTT was used again to detect the proliferation of bone marrow stem cels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stromal cel derived factor-1 at concentrations of 100, 200, 300 μg/L could promote the proliferation of bone marrow stem cels, and the effect was more notable at 200 and 300 μg/Lbut withno significant difference. Therefore, 200 μg/L was considered to be the best concentration of stromal cel derived factor-1 for intervention of bone marrow stem cels. Compared with the blank control group, 200 μg/L stromal cel derived factor-1 could significantly promote the proliferation of bone marrow stem cels. Taken together, stromal cel derived factor-1 can promote the proliferation of bone marrow stem cels, and its best concentration is 200 μg/L.

Objective To explore the effect of TNF-αon expression of TROP-2 and to explore the role of TROP-2 in the metastasis and invasion of colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Methods HCT-116 cells were cultured and treated with 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 and 200μg/L TNF-α. Cell viability was assessed by MTT. The expression of TROP-2 was determined by western blot. The effects of 20μg/L TNF-αon cell migration and invasion were investigated by wound healing assay and Transwell method. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down endogenous TROP-2 expression. The transcrip?tion and translation levels of TROP-2 were detected by qPCR and Western blot respectively. The migratory and invasive ca?pability of HCT-116 cells transfected with TROP-2 siRNA were checked by wound healing assay and Transwell method re?spectively. Results There is no significant change of cell viability between HCT-116 cells treated with 0,10, 20, 30 and 50μg/L TNF-α, but cell viability of HCT-116 decreased significantly with treatment of 100μg/L and 200μg/L TNF-α. Low concentration of TNF-α(≤50μg/L) led to increase of TROP-2 protein expression that peaks when 20μg/L TNF-αwas add?ed. High concentration of TNF-α(100, 200μg/L) result in decrease of TROP-2 protein. TROP-2 siRNA significantly down-regulated the expression of TROP-2 at both mRNA and protein levels in colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Compared with con?trol group, silencing TROP-2 by TROP-2 siRNA inhibited the migratory and invasive capability of HCT-116 cells. Wound healing rate and the number of transwell cell both decreased in siRNA group compared with those of control group ( P <0.05). Conclusion The mechanism that low concentration of TNF-α promoted HCT-116 cells migration and invasion might be through up-regulating the expression of TROP-2.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that epithelial-mesenchymal transition is closely related with tumor invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance, but studies on the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the transformation process of gastric cancer cels SGC7901 to gastric cancer stem-like cels are rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the transformation process of gastric cancer cels SGC7901 to gastric cancer stem-like cels.
METHODS:Vincristine-induced SGC7901 cels were cultured and screened to prepare gastric cancer stem-like cels. CD44 phenotype, morphological changes, stem cel-related markers, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related molecules were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After passage, vincristine-induced SGC7901 cels presented with morphological changes, and clonal cel spheres generated after serum-free suspension culture. Meanwhile, the proportion of SGC7901 cels positive for CD44 was decreased. Expression levels of SOX2, OCT4, Snail1 mRNA, Twist mRNA and Vimentin mRNA were significantly higher in the gastric cancer stem-like cels than SGC7901 cels, but the expression level of E-caderin was lower in the gastric cancer stem-like cels than SGC7901 cels. These findings indicate that gastric cancer cels SGC7901 can be successfuly transformed into gastric cancer stem-like cels, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition is involved in this transforming progress.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the therapeutic effect of ligaturing pericardial blood vessel combined splenectomy for treating children with gastrointestinal bleeding and hypersplenism secondary to cavernous transformation of portal vein (CTPV).Methods Retrospectively analyzed 30 cases of children with CTPV admitted by Beijing Children's Hospital in General Surgery Department from Jan.2005 to Dec.2012,and evaluated the clinical efficacy of ligaturing pericardial blood vessel combined splenectomy for treating children with gastrointestinal bleeding and hypersplenism secondary to CTPV.Results All of 30 cases admitted operation without serious complication.All children admitted follow-up from 6 to 60 months.Seven cases of 22 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding relapsed bleeding post operation and were cured by conservative treatment.Four cases of 7 relapsing bleeding children had NSAID.All cases of 8 children with simple hypersplenism suggested normal results of blood routine post operation,2 children occurred bloody stools who were cured by conservative treatment.None of patients had serious infection correlating with splenectomy.The size of spleen of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding is larger than patients with simple hypersplenism.Conclusions (1) Ligaturing pericardial blood vessel combined splenectomy is a good choice for children with gastrointestinal bleeding and hypersplenism secondary to CTPV.(2) NSAID may increase the recurrence rate of gastrointestinal bleeding post operation.(3) There may be a negative correlation between the size of spleen and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding for children with CTPV.

Objective To examine whether the boundary patterns of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in the preoperative contrasted enhanced computer tomography (CE-CT) could predict poor postoperative prognosis.Methods From January 2010 to December 2015,104 patients of pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma received radical pancreaticoduodenectomy by a single group of surgeons.All patients underwent CE-CT before operation.The clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis were comparatively analyzed among the patients with different SMA boundary patterns.Results The patients with obscure SMA boundary in CE-CT had a lower overall survival rate (P =0.012) and a higher liver metastasis rate (P ＜ 0.01) compared to the patients with clear SMA boundary.38.2％ of patients with obscure SMA boundary died within 6 months,69.1％ of them died within 12 months while the mortality rate was 6％ within 6 months and 29.2％ within 12 months in patients with clear SMA boundary.Only 2.2％ of patients with clear SMA boundary presented liver metastasis within 6 months,but that was 53％ in patients with obscure SMA boundary.18.4％ of patients developed liver metastasis within 12 months in patients with clear SMA boundary,whereas the rate was 82％ in patients with obscure SMA boundary.Furthermore,the tissues around the SMA presented a higher CT value in any phase in patients with obscure SMA boundary than in patients with clear SMA boundary (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The patterns of the SMA boundary in CE-CT is a potential prognostic factor in pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma after radical operation,and the obscure SMA boundary may be associated with early liver metastasis and high mortality.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the reason and treatment of redo surgery in Hirschsprung disease for postoperative distension and constipation.

METHODSFrom January to December 2014, 35 patients with constipation and distention after pull-through done elsewhere were referred to our institution. The reasons procedures and outcomes of redo surgery were a retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe indication of reoperation in 21 cases was pathological problems, including residual aganglionosis, retained transition zone bowel, and in 13 cases was anatomical problems, including retained dilated segment, obstructive Soave cuff. One case had both pathological and anatomical problems. Among them, 5 cases belonged to total colonic aganglionosis. All the cases received conservative treatment for about 6 months before reoperation. Five cases had enterostomy before redo pull through surgery. Thirty cases underwent Soave surgery with or without laparoscopy or laparotomy. Twenty-six cases underwent transabdominal Soave surgery, 3 cases transanal Soave surgery, 1 case transanal Soave surgery with laparoscopy. Other surgery included Ikeda surgery, excision of diaphragm or scar, and anoplasty. Postoperative complications were found in 3 patients. One had rectovesical fistula and was cured after operation. Two cases had anastomotic leakage and then underwent diverting ileostomy. Thirty-three cases had a mean follow-up of 59 months. During the follow-up, 32 cases had no distension and constipation. Two cases presented occasional dirty pants, 2 cases frequent soiling, 1 case daily soiling.

CONCLUSIONSReasons of distension and constipation in Hirschsprung's disease after surgery are pathological and anatomical problems. Operation procedure is chosen based on reasons. Transabdominal Soave surgery is safe and effective.

Anastomotic Leak ; Cicatrix ; Constipation ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Ileostomy ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo analyze the R1 rate of the pancreatic head carcinoma resection specimens which delt with a unified protocol by two different R1 criteria.

METHODSBetween November 2011 and October 2013, a unified pathological protocol was prospectively used to handle 70 consecutive pancreatioduodenectomy specimens for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Apart from the pancreatic transection margin, the bile duct and stomach/jejunum margins, different colors were used to stain the anterior surface, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) groove margin, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) margin, and the posterior surface. Axial slicing technique was used to dissect the pancreatioduodenectomy specimens.

RESULTSAmong the 70 patients, 3, 30 and 37 patients were classified as well, moderately and poorly differentiated respectively;7, 15 and 48 patients were classified as pT1, pT2 and pT3 respectively.Forty patients (57.1%) had metastases in regional lymph nodes (pN1) , and 16 patients (22.9%) had metastases in para-aortic nodes.Resection of the portal vein and/or the superior mesenteric vein was performed in 13 patients (18.6%) .When applying the UICC criteria, 26 cancer resections were classified R1 (37.1%) , 33 margins were turned out to be R1. The SMV groove margin and SMA margin were infiltrated in 13 specimens (13/33, 39.4%) respectively.When applying the Royal College of Pathologist's criteria, 39 cancer resections were classified R1 (55.7%) , 51 margins were turned out to be R1. The SMV groove margin and SMA margin were infiltrated in 18 (18/51, 35.3%) and 19 (19/51, 37.3%) specimen respectively.Until April 2014, the median follow-up was 18(range 6-42) months.

CONCLUSIONSApplying the unified protocol for pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma specimens results in an significant R1 rate of the resection margins, and the R1 rate is related to the R1 criterion. The SMV groove margin and SMA margin are the two most frequent sites of R1.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal ; pathology ; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; surgery ; Pancreas ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Portal Vein ; surgery