A wide range of uncomfortable symptoms are attributed to menopause.It is also during this time that women are at increasing risk of poor medical conditions such as osteoporosis,cancers and dementia.Most physicians pay attention to the proper selection of effective and reasonable therapeutic methods,unfortunately,no agreement exists on the clinical recommendations and choice.The article reviewed hormone replacement therapy(HRT),common therapy and traditional medical therapy.

AIM: To observe the effect of MM-LDL (minimally modified LDL) on the interaction between human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and U937 monocyte-like cell line and the exporession of vascular cell adhesion-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), P-selectin.METHODS:The adhesive percentage between HUVEC treated with MM-LDL and U937 was determined by counting and the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, P-selectin were examined by ELISA. RESULTS: Treatment of HUVEC with MM-LDL (75 mg/L) for 4 hours significantly increased adhesion of U937 to HUVEC ( P

Objective To observe the effect of non-ablative treatment combined intense pulse light (IPL) and Q switched Nd :YAG laser on hyperpigmented skin diseases. Methods Total 250 cases of Fitzpatrick skin types Ⅲ and Ⅳ with hyperpigmented skin disorders received 4 treatments with combined 560nm IPI. and 532 nm Q switched Nd :YAG laser. The interval between two treat-ments was I month. After 3 months the effect of IPL was observed. If it was not good, we used the Q switched Nd :YAG laser. Efficacy and adverse effects were evaluated 3-6 months after the final treat-ment. Results 3-6 months after the last treatment, 50%-70% of patients had their telangiectasia, enlarged pores, hyperpigmentation and wrinking of facial photoaging improved. The degree of im-provement was more than 60 %. Common side effects were minor blistering and erythema. Conclusion Combined IPI. and Q switched Nd :YAG laser treatment is an idea non-ablative therapy for telangi-ectasia, enlarged pores, hyperpigmentation and wrinking of facial photoaging in Fitzpatrick skin types Ⅲ and Ⅳ in Asian.

Objective To investigate the health seeking intention and its influencing factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Chongqing Chronic Disease Management System.Methods Multistage cluster random sampling was used to investigate basic information,diabetes-related treatment situation including first heal seeking and reasons for choosing medical institutions in the last year.Relative risk ratios (RRR) and its influencing factors were analyzed with the method of multi-nominal Logistic regression,as community as a reference.Results Over the past year,38.02％ of type 2 diabetes patients preferred to hospitals above the county level,36.78％ preferred to pharmacy or clinics,and 25.21％ preferred to community health service centers.Univariate analysis showed that different education levels,family income levels,health insurance and therapies were significantly different from health seeking intention.Multi-nominal Logistic regression results indicated that higher educational level (RRR =2.39,95％ CI:1.20-4.78),higher income level (RRR =3.37,95％CI:1.44 -7.88),applying to specific diseases medical insurance (RRR =3.32,95 ％CI:1.72-6.42),the use of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents (RRR =5.02,95％CI:1.15-22.00) of respondents were more inclined to the hospitals above the county level,rather than community health services.Conclusions Health seeking intention of type 2 diabetes patients preferred to hospital above the county level in Chongqing.Type 2 diabetes was an important disease of non-infectious chronic diseases,while the patients preferred go to utilize hospitals rather than community services.

Objective To provide reference for establishing diagnosis and differential diagnosis methods of rare yeast-like fungal bloodstream infection for clinical microbiology laboratory.Methods Trichosporon asahii (T.asa-hii)and Geotrichum capitatum (G.capitatum)bloodstream infection was diagnosed and differentially diagnosed through clinical data analysis,morphological examination,biochemical reactions,and molecular biology technology. Results Two types of yeast-like fungal bloodstream infections in case 1 and case 2 both occurred in leukemia agranulocytosis phase after chemotherapy,such infections were serious and highly similar.The cultivated colonies on blood agar plates of case 1 and case 2 were performed gram stain and microscopic examination.Hyphae,arthro-spores and microconidia were visible in the former,thickness of hyphae branches and length of arthrospores were different,most presented rectangular and barrel shape;the latter can be seen hyphae with transparent septum bro-ken up into arthrospores,presented rectangular shape,did not produce blastoconidia.Identification with API 20C AUX showed that they were T.asahii and G.capitatum.The PCR product sequences were compared with NCBI, suggesting that T.asahii and G.capitatum were at sexual stage.Conclusion Comprehensive application of a varie-ty of technical methods is helpful for improving the diagnosis accuracy of bloodstream infection with yeast-like fungi, identifying Trichosporon and Geotrichum to the species level may help physicians to understand such rare fungal in-fection,choose antifungal agents rationally,and improve clinical prognosis.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of Esomeprazole sodium for injection. METH-ODS:UPLC-MS/MS was performed. The column of ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 with 0.1% formic acid-methanol(73∶27,V/V)at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min,column temperature was 35℃,analysis time was 5 min,injection volume was 2μl;ionization mode was positive ion mode,ion source temperature was 150 ℃,capillary voltage was 3.0 kV,cone voltage was 50 V,cone flow was 150 L/Hr,desolvation temperature was 450 ℃,desolvation gas flow was 900 L/Hr,nebuliser pressure was 7.0 Bar,parent ion scan range was 100-800 mz/mz,working mode was multiple reaction monitoring mode. RESULTS:The linear range of esomeprazole was 0.2-20.0 ng/ml(r=0.999 7);the limit of quantitation was 50 pg/ml;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;recovery was 99.93%-100.05%(RSD=0.1%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for content determination of Esomeprazole sodium for injection.

Objective To investigate the rationality and safety of dengzhanxixin injection used in elderly inpatients. Methods The clinical data of 986 inpatients including 620 males and 366 females were collected, and questionnaires containing age, sex, discharge diagnosis, symptoms, drug dosage, course of treatment, laboratory examination, adverse drug reaction and drug effect were analyzed. Results For the 986 cases, the average age was(74.3±7.5)years. The average dose of dengzhanxixin injection was (38.2±4.4) ml, once daily by intravenous drip, and the average period of treatment was (10.8±5.2) days. The adverse reaction rate was 0.81%. The levels of blood glucose and hemoglobin were decreased after treatment(t orμ=1226.5,2620.0, both P<0.05), but there were no statistical differences in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (CREA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and white blood cell count (WBC) before and after treatment (t or μ=122.5, 405.0, 513.5, 996.5, 956.5, all P>0.05). Conclusions It is safe to use dengzhanxixin injection according to the medication description for elderly inpatients.

Objective To evaluate the recent clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human adenovirus-p53 (rAd-p53) combined with radiochemotherapy in treatment for cervical squamocellular cancer (Sqc).Methods 21 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into 2 groups:experiment group (10 patients received treatment with rAd-p53 intratumor injection combined with radiochemotherapy) and control group (12 patients treated with radiochemotherapy alone).The recent efficacy of the two groups were compared at the end of treatment,and major drug toxicity between the two group were compared during the treatment.Results In treatment group,2 cases recieved CR,6 cases PR,2 cases SD,and the rate of total effective was 80.0 ％.In control group,3 cases recieved CR,6 cases SD,2 cases PD,and the rate of total effective was 27.3 ％.The rate of total effective in treatment group is superior to that in control group (x2 =76.00,P ＜ 0.05).The major reaction of rAd-p53 were transient fever after rAd-p53 administration.The two groups of bone marrow inhibition reaction rate with no statistical difference (x2 =119.50,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion rAd-p53 combined with radiochemotherapy in treatment of advanced cervical squamocellular carcinoma has a synergistic effect.It is a safe,effective and convenient treatment method for rAd-p53 intratumor injection.

Objective To clarify the association between non-dipping circadian blood pressure (BP) rhythm and left ventrieular hypertrophy (LVH) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods A total of 257 CKD patients of stage 1 to 5 were enrolled in the study. The parameters of BP and circadian rhythm were measured by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and the cardiac structure was examined by echocardiography. The association between circadian BP rhythm and echocardiographic parameters was studied. Results The prevalence of abnormal circadian BP rhythm (non-dipping rhythm) was quite high (75.4%) in CKD patients and increased with the deterioration of renal function. Even if in the normal BP group, the prevalence of non-dipping rhythm was 71.3%. The change of cardiac structure such as LVH in non-dipping patients was more obvious than the dipping patients. The left ventrieular mass index (LVMI) was positively correlated with BP, non-dipping rhythm. Multiple regression analysis showed that 24 h-SBP (β=0.417, P<0.01), triglyceride (TG) (β=-0.132, P=O.007), Hb (β=-0.394, P=0.016) and gender(β=0.158, P=0.039) were independent risk factors of LVMI. Conclusions The prevalence of non-dipping rhythm is quite high in CKD patients and increases with the deterioration of renal function. The change of cardiac structure such as LVH is obvious in CKD patients, especially in non-dipping group. The non-dipping rhythm is related with LVMI.

ObjectiveTo observe the influence of different dietary protein intake (DPI) on nitrogen balance and nutritional indices in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and explore the minimal DPI to maintain nitrogen balance.MethodsThirty-four PD patients were randomly divided into group A, B and C with DPI as 1.2, 0.9 and 0.6 g·kg-1·d-1 respectively. All the patients admitted into our hospital and completed a 10-day assessment for nitrogen balance, as well as nutritional status including serum albumin (Alb), pre-albumin at baseline, the 7th and 10th day. ResultsThe DPI of group A, B and C was (1.18±0.05), (0.87±0.02), (0.66±0.03) g·kg-1·d-1, whose differences were significant (P<0.01). The dietary energy intake (DEI) was 129.29 (117.57-133.89), 111.71 (100.42-133.47), 146.86 (128.03-163.18) kJ·kg-1·d-1 respectively. Nitrogen balance was positive in group A, B, C [2.99 (2.15-4.72) g, 1.20(0.59-1.89) g, 0.24 (-0.87-1.27) g]. The BUN decreased at the 7th and 10th day (P<0.01) in group C. The BUN and phosphorus in group A increased, but without significant difference as compared to baseline. No significant differences of nutritional status were found among three groups throughout the trial. ConclusionMinimal DPI 0.65 g·kg-1·d-1 plus the supplement of protein loss in dialysate can maintain the nitrogen balance in peritoneal dialysis patients.