Objective To establish a suitable animal model of experimental periodontitis and study the relationship between stress and inflammatory periodontal diseases.Methods Forty Wistar rats with nylon thread placed around the neck of maxillary left second molar tooth were divided randomly into two groups:stress group(the rats were treated with restraint strees for 12 h every day for 10 d)and control group.Four rats of either group were sacrificed at the day of 2,4,6,8,10,separately;the level of blood glucose and the contents of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),orticosterone and adrenaline were measured as the stress markers,as well as the relative weight of the thymus and spleen.The furcation area of the second maxillary molar was examined histologically and histometrically.Results In stress group,all the markers for stress were significant higher than those in control group,and the thymus and spleen were atrophied(P

Background The extraocular muscles (EOMs) Pulley in primate is related to the function of EOMs,but there are arguments about that.The location of rabbit's eyes is different from the primate.Study on the structure of the extraocular muscle connective tissue in rabbit may play a role to analyze the function of the EOMs Pulley.Objective The structure of the connective tissue around EOMs in rabbit was studied,the difference between this structure in rabbit and homan' s EOMs Pulley in past reports was analyzed,and then,the role of EOMs Pulley to ocular movement was investigated.Methods Five adult rabbits were involved.The gross anatomy of an orbit in each rabbit was observed.The other orbit was processed with paraffin imbedding and coronal serial sections.A murine monocolonal antibody to α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) was used to show the smooth muscle,while Weigert stain was used to show muscle and collagen,and Masson trichrome stain to show the elastin.Results An encircling ring of collagen circled every EOM.The collagen ring was thin and connected to the orbital layer muscle fiber loosely.Collagen tissues coupled to adjacent EOMs.Less elastin fibers and scanty the smooth muscle cells were embedded in the collagen.Conclusions The connective tissue around rectus in rabbit is different from that in human with developed binocular ocular movements.It shows that connective tissue around EOMs may be related to the function of ocular movements.

Type B insulin resistance (TBIR) is a rare disease caused by the presence of insulin receptor autoantibodies (IRA).African middle-aged women are predisposed to it.Most patients have an underlying autoimmune disease,most commonly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).The patients predominantly present with abnormalities of glucose homeostasis ranging from extreme insulin resistance and symptomatic hyperglycemia to lifethreatening hypoglycemia,usually accompanied with manifestation of insulin resistance such as acanthosis nigricans,hyperandrogenism,and polycystic ovary.The diagnosis can be established by the elevation of IRA.We herewith report a ease of TBIR complicated with SLE,and the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of TBIR are reviewed.

The training of airway management plays a vital role in standardized residency training plan during the rotation in the department of anesthesiology.Problem based-learning and airway simulation practice should be applied step by step based on the different requirements of standardized residency training plan.The training should be started from mask ventilation to endotracheal intubation,meanwhile clinical thinking ability and teamwork ability should be cultivated for the residents so that they can master the technique of airway management skillfully whenever and wherever.

BACKGROUND:Now, domestic total knee arthroplasty surgeries mainly use medial parapatel ar approach, with the disadvantages of large trauma and slower recovery. The quadriceps sparing approach is more accorded with normal anatomy, which can keep the knee extension system intact. The clinical comparison between quadriceps sparing approach and medial parapatel ar approach is rare.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the early effect of total knee arthroplasty through quadriceps sparing approach and medial parapatel ar approach.
METHODS:From January 2009 to January 2010, 55 patients (70 knees) were randomly divided into quadriceps sparing approach group (n=26, 35 knees) and medial parapatel ar approach group (n=29, 35 knees). Patients in two groups received total knee arthroplasty through quadriceps sparing approach and medial parapatel ar
approach respectively. The incision length, operative time, postoperative drainage volume, additional amount of etoricoxib tablets, pain degree, straight leg raising time, start walking time, hospitalization time, range of motion of knee joint, Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score, radiographic alignment of al components and complications were compared between two groups. Al the prostheses used in this study were the Sigma type prostheses
provided by the rotation platform of Johnson&Johnson Company.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the patients were fol owed-up for 12-24 months without infections, deep vein thrombosis, neurovascular injury, prosthesis instability, prosthesis loosening or displacement. Position of al the
prostheses was normal in patients. The operative time in the quadriceps sparing approach group was longer than that in the medial parapatel ar approach group (P=0.00), while the incision length, postoperative drainage volume, additional
amount of etoricoxib tablets, visual analog scale, straight leg raising time, start walking time, hospitalization time, range of motion of knee joint at 3 days after replacement and Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score in the quadriceps
sparing approach group were better than those in the medial parapatel ar approach group (P<0.05). There were no
significant differences in range of motion of knee joint at 3 days after replacement and Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score between two groups. The early effect of total knee arthroplasty through quadriceps sparing approach is better than the medial parapatel ar approach, and there is no significant difference in prosthesis alignment between two methods.

BACKGROUND:Ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty can be applied to young patients requiring frequent activity and high quality of life.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the short-term efficiency of ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty in young and middle-aged patients of femoral neck fractures.
METHODS:Fifty-one young and middle-aged patients under 50 years old with ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty were selected to analyze the function of hip joints and the complication after operation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the patients were fol owed up for 6 months to 44 months. At the last fol ow-up, the average Harris score was 92.0±3.4 points with an excellent and good rate of 94.1%. No dislocation was observed and three cases exhibited mild limping. Imaging examination showed that, no prosthesis loosing, broken, sinking or radiolucent line around prosthesis was observed. Ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty in young patients with femoral neck fractures can effectively decrease the osteolysis, prosthesis loosing and sinking caused by the debris of wearing, prolong the working life of the prosthesis, and improve the patient’s quality of life.

Objective To investigate the fall-related knowledge and behaviors and ways after injury by chief caregivers of inpatients with neurological disease.Method We designed a questionnaire of fall-related knowledge,behaviors and ways after injury and used it among 208 chief caregivers of inpatients with neurological disease.Results On fall-related knowledge,the three items with the lowest scores about fall-related knowledge included fall-related medicine,postural hypotension and abnormal excretion.Of fall-prevented behaviour score,the lowest 3 items were three steps for getting up,placing things correctly and using wheelchair protection derive.Of the inquiry and fall measures score,the lowest 3 item were helping the patient up,observation and prevention after fall.There were significant differences in the total scores on education,time for taking care of the patients,history of fall and health education on fall (P＜0.05).The scores of those with education of senior middle school,college or above were significantly higher than those with education of junior middle school or lower (P＜0.001).The following time for taking care of the patients were compared with statistics significant:＜1month and 3～6 month,＜1month and ＞6 months,1～3 months and 3～6 months (P＜0.001).Conclusion The caregivers of the patients with neurological disease are short of knowledge in fall-related knowledge,normal behaviors and should carry out individualized health education to them.

Objective To investigate the effects of stress associated with nicotine on experimental periodontal breakdown of ligature-induced periodontitis in rats.Methods Forty male Wistar rats with the neck of left maxillary second molar ligated by nylon were used.The animals were randomly divided into four groups:Ni group,0.7 mg of nicotine?kg-1?d-1 (intraperitoneal); S group,stress (immobilization-12 h?d-1); Ni+S group,stress (immobilization-12 h?d-1) associated with an intraperitoneal injection of 0.7 mg of nicotine?kg-1?d-1; C group:saline solution. Two rats of each group were sacrificed at the day of 2,4,6,8,10 separately and the furcation areas of the second maxillary molars were examined histologically and histometrically.Results Intergroup analysis revealed a higher bone loss rate in the animals of Ni+S group compared with the other three groups,the absorption rate of alveolar bone at the day of 6,8,10 in experimental groups were higher than that in C group (P

Objective To study radiologic (molybdenum target X-ray) findings of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of breast.Methods The molybdenum target X-ray findings of breast DCIS confirmed by operation or pathology in 20 cases were analyzed.All cases were examined with molybdenum target X-ray at axial and lateral oblique positions in both breasts.Results Among 20 patients,16 cases presented calcifications in the lesions,3 cases showed simple masses,1 case appeared as small dense focus.Conclusion Calcifications are mainly X-ray appearances of DCIS,special attention should be payed to the signs such as masses,small dense focus and so on.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the current status and future trend of antibacterials utilization in our hospital.MET-HODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the use of antibacterials in our hospital in 2003～2005,covering sales value and application density(AD).RESULTS:Antibacterials as used in our hospital had been high in AD for the three years.In ran-ked order,the top three subcategories were quinolones,macrolides and lincosamides,represented respectively by levofloxacin,azithromycin and clindamycin.CONCLUSIONS:Antibacterials as used in our hospital are high in AD.Administration of antibacterials use during the perioperative period should be specially strengthened to avoid irrational combination medication.