Objective To explore the relationship between sperm DNA fragmentation rates and male infertil-ity.Methods Case -control study was used .Sperm DNA fragmentation rates were compared between the primary infertile males for unknown reasons (n=126) and the males whose spouses undergoing delivery in three months (n=100).Results Sperm DNA fragmentation rate of the research group was (11.95 ±4.89) %.Sperm DNA fragmenta-tion rate of the control group was (10.07 ±3.56) %.Significant difference was found between the two groups on sperm DNA fragmentation rate(t=-3.326,P=0.001).The 226 men were divided into group A with sperm DNA fragmentation rates<10%(n=130) and group B with sperm DNA fragmentation rates≥10%(n=96).The percent-age of male infertility in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (50.00%vs 61.62%) (χ2 =4.105, P=0.043).Conclusion Correlation is found between sperm DNA fragmentation rates and male infertility .

Objective To evaluate the internal reliability of Psychosocial Function Evaluation for mental disabled people in day care unit. Methods 16 participants were evaluated twice by the same rater (social worker) in the unit at the Permanent stage and the Steering stage. Results Cronbach's α was greater than 0.7 in the both evaluation. The Spearman correlation coefficient between each dimension and total score were between 0.502 and 0.869. Conclusion The internal reliability of Psychosocial Function Evaluation is satisfactory for mental disabilities.

Diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication of diabetes which is the most expensive and the most difficult to deal with and leads to a high rate of non-traumatic amputation.Diabetic foot osteomyelitis results from aggravation of diabetic foot ulcer.Unfortunately,the current therapeutic outcomes of diabetic foot osteomyelitis are still unsatisfactory because of its difficult diagnosis and special treatment protocols which are entirely different from those for conventional soft tissue infections.This paper summarizes the latest advances achieved in diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

The development of neuroimaging has led to a high diagnostic rate of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).The hemorrhage transformation (HT) and clinical prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with CSVD have become hot topics in recent years.Relevant studies have shown that different subtypes of CSVD may have different influences in HT and clinical prognoses in AIS.In clinic,each subtype of CSVD may not exist alone in one patient,therefore,some scholars put forward the concept of total burden of CSVD to further quantitatively assess the severity of CSVD in the whole brain and their effects on HT and clinical prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis of AIS.This article reviews the researches on HT and clinical prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis in AIS with CSVD.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects on new bone formation and foot-ankle function between proximal tibial bone transport and distal tibial bone transport in the treatment of massive bone defects after tibial osteomyelitis debridement.Methods:From July 2012 to July 2017, 42 patients with chronic tibial osteomyelitis received bone transport surgery at Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital.According to the Cierny-Mader classification for chronic osteomyelitis, all of them belonged to diffusive tibial osteomyelitis (type IV).Of them, 32 were treated by proximal tibial bone transport after tibial osteomyelitis debridement.In the proximal group, there were 27 males and 5 females, aged from 17 to 65 years and involving 20 left and 12 right sides. The other 10 cases received distal tibial bone transport. In the distal group, all of them were male, aged from 25 to 63 years and involving 6 left and 4 right sides. The 2 groups were compared in terms of external fixation index (EFI) and American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society(AOFAS) Ankle and Hindfoot Scale.Results:There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the preoperative general data such as gender, age or osteomyelitis site, indicating the 2 groups were comparable ( P>0.05). Both groups obtained complete follow-up. The proximal group was followed up for 590.1 d ± 287.3 d and the distal group for 615.6 d ± 130.6 d, showing no significant difference between groups ( P>0.05). In the proximal group 2 cases developed talipes equinovalgus after bone transport while in the distal group 3 cases did, and surgical intervention was needed for them. Surgical intervention was also carried out for16 cases of non-union at the docking site in the proximal group and for 2 ones in the distal group. The EFI was 76.2 d/cm±50.0 d/cm for the proximal group and 84.3 d/cm ± 59.9 d/cm for the distal group, showing no significant difference between groups ( P>0.05). The AOFAS scores were 81.4±10.1 for the proximal group and 60.0±5.9 for the distal group, showing a significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of massive bone defects after tibial osteomyelitis debridement, no significant difference has been observed in the effect on bone formation between proximal tibial bone transport and distal tibial bone transport, but the former transport may have a less adverse effect on foot-ankle function.

Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) is the type of its kind diagnosed most frequently in pediatric patients. In the past decade, the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections has increased in children. The more complex situation of infections may lead additionally to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), septic pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, empyema, endocarditis, bacteremia and septic shock. Hence, hospital stays are often lengthy and patients often critically ill. Since delayed appropriate therapy can lead to chronic osteomyelitis, as well as impairments in bone growth and development, early accurate diagnosis and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment remain central principles in the evaluation and treatment of AHO. Therefore, care of children with AHO inevitably requires an organized and interdisciplinary approach to reach timely, comprehensive and accurate diagnoses so that effective treatment may be carefully planned and enacted with subsequent monitoring of the child until clinical resolution is achieved. This review is devoted exclusively to the management of AHO in children, providing an update on the current understanding of existing evidence and future directions to improve care for pediatric AHO.