Twenty-two cases of idiopathic myocardiopathy were observed during the period of 1962 to 1971 and follow up clinical study was made in 5 cases. The criteria of diagnosis was based mainly on exclusive diagnosis in etiology unknown marked cardiomegaly. 1) Male and female ratio of idiopathic myocardiopathy was 1.1:1 and age of onset were distributed from first decade to fifth decade with similar number of cases. 2) Cardinal symptoms were dyspnea, palpitation, chest pain and cough. Common physical findings were protodiastolic gallop (in 2 cases), moist rales (in 3 cases) and hepatomegaly(in 3 cases). 3) Laboratory findings were normal except elevated T.T.T. in one case. 4) Electrocardiogram were abnormal in all cases. There were 3 cases of left ventricular hypertrophy, 3 cases of non-specific ST-T changes and one case of first degree A-V block, intraventricular conduction defect, abnormal Q wave and low valtage, respectively. 5) After medical treatment, symptoms were improved in 4 cases but heart size was reduced in only one case and E.C.G. abnormalities were unchanged in all cases.
Age of Onset ; Cardiomegaly ; Cardiomyopathies* ; Chest Pain ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Male ; Respiratory Sounds

BACKGROUND: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common peripheral vestibular disorder that often resolves spontaneously. It was long believed that the condition was caused by inorganic particles in the cupula of the posterior semicircular canal. Management of this condition includes medication, surgery, physical exercise and more recently particle repositioning maneuvers. Among the various therapies, exercise therapy (ET) reported by Brandt-Daroff was based on the theory of cupulolithiasis and is designed to treat BPPV through dispersion of the debris from the cupula. METHODS: Fifty four patients with BPPV were treated with ET to determine the effectiveness. Fifteen additional patients with BPPV were treated with only medication and served as a control group. RESULT: Forty eight of 54 cases (88.9%) treated with ET showed improvement after 2 weeks. With medication alone, 8 of the 15 cases (53.4%) showed improvement after 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The most important benefit of this maneuver seemed to be more expedient recovery than that with medication alone.
Exercise ; Exercise Therapy* ; Humans ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo*

We report two cass of HIV infection associated with condyeloma acuminatum. Two patients were healthy men who showed multiple pinkish verruc ous papules on the perianal area. Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in the patients' secatory particle agglutination test and confirmed by Western blot assay.
Agglutination Tests ; Antibodies ; Blotting, Western ; HIV Infections ; HIV* ; Humans* ; Male

BACKGROUND: Generalized immune activation occurs early in the course of many infectious disease. Laboratory investigations have shown that immune activation can be quantified by the measurement of soluble immune activation products in serum. Soluble CD25, CD8, and CD4 are major immune activation products. Soluble CD8 and CD4 are indices of CD8+ T cell and CD4+T cell activity, respectively. OBJECTIVE: We estimated the concentrations of these molecules in patients with leprosy. METHODS: The study population consisted of 31 patients with tuberculoid leprosy and 71 patients with lepromatous leprosy(32 cases of M. leprae negative patients and 39 cases of M. leprae positive patients). Serum samples and clinical and laboratory data were collected form each patient and control. The levels of serum soluble CD25, CD8, and CD4 were measured by sandwich enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: The levels of serum soluble CD25 were significantly raised in leprosy patients as compared to control and did not vary signficantly between tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy. The soluble CD8 levels in the serum of patients with leprosy did not differ from the levels of the control. The levels of serum soluble CD4 were significantly decreased in the patients with lepromatous leprosy, but not in the patients with tuberculoid leprosy. However, there was no significant correlation between CD25, CD8, and cD4 and bacterial indices in patients with lepromatous leprosy. CONCLUSIONs: There data suggest that non-specific immune activation occurs the spectrum in leprosy, while CD4+ T cell activity is significantly decreased in patients with lepromatous leprosy.
Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Leprosy* ; Leprosy, Lepromatous ; Leprosy, Tuberculoid

Authors observed the antihypertensive effect of debrisoquin sulfate in 35 cases of essential hypertension and following results were obtained. 1) Results of short term control of blood pressure with debrisquin in 35 hypertensive patients revealed good control in 74.3%, fair in 14.3%, poor in 5.7% and failure in 5.7% of cases. Significant reduction of blood pressure was achieved in 7 of 9 cases of hypertension with addition of hydrochlorthiazide to debrisoquin. 2) During long term therapy with debrisoquin (duration of average 3.9 months), good control cases were slightly reduced(good in 58.6%, fair in 24.1%, poor in 6.9%, failure in 10.3%). But average effective dose of debriioquin was not increased significantly. 3) Antihypertensive effect of debrisoquin was slightly reduced in the cases of severe hypertension, hypertension of over 10 years duration and complication of cerebrovascular accident. 4) The side effects during treatment with debrisoquin were dizziness in 31.4%, headache in 11.4%, dry mouth, blurred vision, general weakness, insomnia in 8.6% respectively. There were no side effects in 48.6% of cases.
Blood Pressure ; Debrisoquin* ; Dizziness ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Mouth ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Stroke

BACKGROUND: Myelopathies are classified as intramedullary and extramedullary one on the basis of location of lesion. Though there are some characteristic clinical findings which can differentiate extramedullary from intramedullary lesions, it is not easy to tell extramedullary from intramedullary lesions in complicated cases. We performed this study to figure out the relationships between anatomic location (intramedullary or extramedullary), clinical parameters (motor and sensory symptoms and signs), and electrophysiologic findings in myelopathy. We also investigated the diagnostic value of motor evoked potential (MEP) compared with that of somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) in myelopathy. The amplitude changes of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) after motor cortex stimulation have a lot of intra-individual and inter-individual variability, so were not used to determine pyramidal tract dysfunction in clinical ground. We analyzed CMAP amplitude changes in myelopathy. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with myelopathy demonstrated in MRI were studied. We defined abnormal CMAP amplitude changes as intra-individual inter-side amplitude ratio more than 50%. RESULTS: Lower MEP showed abnormal findings in 93% of tests and lower SSEP, 37% (p<0.05). The correla-tions between clinical parameters and electrophysiologic findings were higher in lower MEP (71%) than lower SSEP (42%) (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that MEP is more useful than SSEP for detecting spinal cord dysfunction but as false positivity of lower MEP was considerable, MEP and SSEP are reciprocal diagnostic method for myelopathy. SSEP and MEP do not have significant diagnostic values in differentiating extramedullary from intramedullary myelopathy. The inter-side CMAP amplitude difference may indicate subclinical spinal cord dysfunction.
Action Potentials ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Motor* ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Motor Cortex ; Pyramidal Tracts ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases*

OBJECTIVE Present study was aimed to verify the effect of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the preimplantation development of mouse embryos and the involvement of the mitogen activated protein kiase (MAPK) in the GM-CSF signaling. METHODS: Two-cell embryos were cultured for 96 h in the presence or absence of GM-CSF (0, 0.4, 2, 10 ng/ml) and PD98059, a MEK inhibitor (10 muM). Morphological development, cell number per blastocyst, and apoptotic nuclei, were eamined. MAPK activity of embryonic immunoprecipitate by MAPK (ERK1/2) antibody was measured by in vitro phosphorylation of myelin basic protein. RESULTS: At post hCG 122 h the embryonic development among the experimental groups was significantly different (p=0.018). The rate of blastocyst development and cell number per embryo were the highest in 2 ng/ml GM-CSF treatment group. The percent of apoptotic cells of the GM-CSF-treated embryos was the lowest among the group. in blastocysts, GM-CSF treatment transiently increased MAPK activity. PD098059 attenuated the effect of GM-CSF on the morphological development, increase in cell number per blastocyst, down regulation of apoptosis, and upregulation of MAPK activity, suggesting that activation of MAPK cascade possibly mediated the embryotropic effect of GM-CSF. CONCLUSION: This result suggested that GM-CSF potentiated the development of preimplantation mouse embryos by activation of MAPK.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Blastocyst ; Cell Count ; Down-Regulation ; Embryonic Development ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocytes* ; Mice* ; Myelin Basic Protein ; Phosphorylation ; Pregnancy ; Up-Regulation

Postoperative hepaotoxicity may develope as a result of many causes. These poasble cau may include direct injury to the liver cella due to anesthetic drugs such as halothane, chronic liver disease, viral hepatitis, sepsis, severe burns, pregnancy, drug administration and transfusion. We had seven cases of acute hepatitis following surgery for the past 6 months. CASE 1: A 26-year-old male had an operation for maxillar fracture under isoflurane anesthesia. The preoperative liver enzyme (SGOT, SGPT) were elevated but other tests were within normal range. He developed high fever, marked elevation of SGOT, SGPT, upper abdominal pain and nausea on the 7th postoperative day. He died of acute respiratory and renal failure on the 23 rd postoperative day. CASE 2: A 55-year-old woman had an operation for cervical spondylosis under halothane anesthesia. She developed high fever, headache and leukocytosis on the 12th postoperative day. Liver function tests showed marked elevation of SGOT, SGPT, bilirubin and hypoalbuminemia on the 17th day. She died of acute respiratory failure on the 30th postoperative day. CASE 3: A 53-year-old woman had an operation for epidermal cyst under halothane anesthesia. On the 12th postoperative day she developed high fever, skin rash, marked elevation of SGOT, SGPT and leukopenia. She recovered gradually from hepatitis and went home in good health on the 30th postoperative day. CASE 4: A 68-year-old man had an operation for oral cancer under enflurane anesthesia. On the 16th postoperative day, liver function tests showed elevation of SGOT, SGPT and leukopenia, He gradually recovered on the 19th postoperative day. CASE 5: A 64-year-old woman had an operation for MCA aneurysm under enflurane anesthesia. He developed hypotension on the 20th postoperative day and respiratory difficult and marked elevation of SGOT, SGPT, BUN, creatinine, and generalized edema on the 22nd day. She recovered gradually and went home in good health on the 45th postoperative day. CASE 6: A 23-year-old woman had an operation for mandible fracture under enflurane anesthesia. The preoperative liver function tests showed a mild elevation of SGOT, SGPT, ALP. She recovered gradually and went home in good health on the 30th postoperative day. CASE 7: A 19-year-old woman had an operation for mandible fracture under halothane anesthesia. On the 30th postoperative day, she developed jaundice and marked elevation of SGOT, SGPT. She recovered gradually and went home in good health on the 55th postoperative day.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthetics ; Aneurysm ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Bilirubin ; Burns ; Creatinine ; Edema ; Enflurane ; Epidermal Cyst ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Halothane ; Headache ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Hypotension ; Isoflurane ; Jaundice ; Leukocytosis ; Leukopenia ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Mandible ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Nausea ; Pregnancy ; Reference Values ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Sepsis ; Spondylosis ; Young Adult

46,XX male is a rare abnormality of sex determination with an incidence of 1 in 20,000 male neonates. The clinical manifestations of 46,XX males are usually hypogonadism, gynecomastia, azoospermia, and hyalinations of seminiferous tubules, with altered hormonal levels at puberty. Less frequently, some sexual ambiguities are found, always with sterility owing to reduced testicular development. The origin of male phenotype in 46,XX male could be the results of at least three different mechanisms:translocations of Y sequence, including the SRY gene, to an X chromosome or to an autosome(about 90% of cases); a mutation in a yet unknown X-linked or autosomal gene in the testis-determinating pathway, and cryptic Y chromosome mosacism. We experienced a case of SRY-positive 46,XX male in a 21-year-old man with small testes. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Endocrinol 2003;8:184-188)
Adolescent ; Azoospermia ; Genes, sry ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Hypogonadism ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infertility ; Male* ; Phenotype ; Puberty ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Testis ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome ; Young Adult

46,XX male is a rare abnormality of sex determination with an incidence of 1 in 20,000 male neonates. The clinical manifestations of 46,XX males are usually hypogonadism, gynecomastia, azoospermia, and hyalinations of seminiferous tubules, with altered hormonal levels at puberty. Less frequently, some sexual ambiguities are found, always with sterility owing to reduced testicular development. The origin of male phenotype in 46,XX male could be the results of at least three different mechanisms:translocations of Y sequence, including the SRY gene, to an X chromosome or to an autosome(about 90% of cases); a mutation in a yet unknown X-linked or autosomal gene in the testis-determinating pathway, and cryptic Y chromosome mosacism. We experienced a case of SRY-positive 46,XX male in a 21-year-old man with small testes. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Endocrinol 2003;8:184-188)
Adolescent ; Azoospermia ; Genes, sry ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Hypogonadism ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infertility ; Male* ; Phenotype ; Puberty ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Testis ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome ; Young Adult