No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Outpatients* ; Silicon Dioxide*

PURPOSE: The objectives of this study was to evaluate the correlations between the indices of insulin sensitivity using fasting glucose and insulin level, and the body fat mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and to determine the clinical usefulness of insulin sensitivity indices when obese children were followed up. METHODS: In this study, 28 simple obese children and adolescents were included. Anthropometric data including body weight, height, obesity degree (OD), body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio were collected and then body fat mass was measured by using BIA and DEXA. For metabolic data, 12 hour fasting serum glucose, insulin and lipid profiles were measured and indices for insulin sensitivity (G/I ratio, loginsulin, HOMA-IR, logHOMA-IR, QUICKI) were calculated. RESULTS: BMI had a higher correlation with insulin sensitivity indices than OD (G/I ratio, -0.463 vs -0.209; loginsulin, 0.417 vs 0.196; HOMA-IR, 0.301 vs 0.238; logHOMA-IR, 0.403 vs 0.198; QUICKI, -0.451 vs -0.224). But OD had a higher correlation with body fat mass measured by BIA and DEXA than BMI (BIA, 0.612 vs 0.316; DEXA, 0.667 vs 0.512). The G/I ratio was correlated with body fat mass in BIA (r=-0.420, P< 0.05) and DEXA (r=-0.512, P< 0.01), percentage of body fat (percentage of fat) in BIA (r=-0.366, P< 0.05) and DEXA (r=-0.449, P< 0.01). HOMA-IR was only correlated with body fat mass in DEXA (r=0.341, P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that G/I ratios had a statistically significant correlation with anthropometric obesity indices (OD and BMI) and also had a correlation with both body fat mass and percentage of fat. These results suggest that G/I ratios could be used as useful index when obese children and adolescence are followed up.
Absorptiometry, Photon* ; Adipose Tissue* ; Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; Electric Impedance* ; Fasting ; Glucose ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin* ; Obesity ; Waist-Hip Ratio

Cytomegalovirus retinopathy(CMV)is a necrotizing retinitis which can occur as a late manifestation of the Acquired immunodeficiency syndromde(AIDS), which rapidly increases in number after original description of the disease in 1981 by Gottliebet al. We experienced a patient, who complained of decreased visual acuity of the left eye only we initially diagnosed the patient as CMV retinitis, and during the course of treatment, finally diagnosed the patient as CMV retinitis with AIDS, and the patient was subdivided into Group IV, Subgroup C by center for disease control classification system To our knowledge, for about 10% of the patient of the CMV retinopathy, AIDS was diagnosed like same manner as we did, but we couldn't find any report in korea, so we report this case with a review of literatures.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Classification ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Ganciclovir ; Humans ; Korea ; Retinitis ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: Since children under two years with suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs) cannot control urination, urine cultures in such children are usually performed via urine bags. This method is noninvasive but has a high contamination rate. We studied the contamination rate of bag urine culture in diagnosing UTIs in infants under two years and the factors responsible for contamination. METHODS: We examined patients under 2 years in whom urine culture through the urine bag method yielded over 105 colonies of a single pathogen. We defined UTIs by referring to the guidelines of The Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology, 2005. We examined the factors responsible for contamination according to sex, duration of urine collection, and whether diarrhea took place with contamination rate. RESULTS: We examined 717 patients (412 males and 305 females). The contamination rate of one bag urine culture was 37.9%. Gender was not related to the contamination rate (P>0.05). Duration of urine collection showed an association with the contamination rate. The longer the duration of collecting urine, the higher was the contamination rate. Duration of urine collection was divided into three groups: first group, <2 hours; second group, 2-4 hours; and third group, > or =4 hours. The contamination rates were 30.0%, 42.2%, and 43.7% for the first, second, and third groups, respectively, with statistical significance (P=0 .001). Diarrhea at admission had no impact on the contamination rate (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The contamination rate of urine culture in the examined patients was 37.9%. Gender and diarrhea symptoms were not responsible for contamination. In infants with a suspected UTIs, urine should be collected within 2 hours through the urine bag method. If urine collection takes over 2 hours, the urine bag should be resterilized and reattached to the patient.
Child ; Diarrhea ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Infant ; Male ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Nephrology ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urination ; Urine Specimen Collection

PURPOSE: To evaluate characteristic MR findings of primary cardiac and pericardiac tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were myxomas (n=7), malignant lymphoma (n=l), lipoma (n=l), and pericardiac mesotheliomas (n=2). We analyzed location, size, shape, signal intensity, contrast enhancement, and associated findings of adjacent structures such as pericardiac and pleural effusion, and mediastinal lymph node enlargement. RESULTS: Locations of the myxomas were left atrium in four cases, left ventricle in one, right atrium in one, and right ventricle in one. Mean diameter was 3.5cm (range, 2-7cm). They were polypoid or Iobulated in shape, and attached to interatrial or interventricular septurn in all cases except in right atrial myxoma which was attached to lateral wall. Their peduncles were demonstrated in three left atrial myxomas. The signal intensities were iso or slightly high on T1-weighted images and high on T2-weighted images. Pleural and pericardial effusions were shown in the three cases. Malignant lymphoma was manifested as large mass in right ventricle infiltrating to right atrium, interventricular septum, right paratracheal and retrocardiac area. It had slightly high intensity in both T1- and T2-weighted images with a strong contrast enhancement and associated with both pericardiac and pleural effusion. Lipoma was polypoid in shape and attached to lateral wall of left ventricle with bright T1 and high T2 signal intensity. Pericardiac mesothelioma was manifested as a pericardiac and atrial mass with diffuse irregular uneven thickening of pericardium which had iso signal on T1- and high T2-weighted images with moderate contrast enhancement. Conculsion: MR imaging is a very useful method in demonstration of the location, extent, tissue characteristics of the mass, and relationship with its adjacent structu res in evaluation of cardiac and pericardiac tumors.
Heart Atria ; Heart Ventricles ; Lipoma ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mesothelioma ; Myxoma ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericardium ; Pleural Effusion

Objectives: The purpose of study is to evaluate serial MR imaging of myocardial infarction using non-surgical model of myocardial infarction after percutaneous transcatheter coronary arterial embolization in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated serial pre- and post-contrast MR images with Gd-DTPA (gadolinium-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid) of heart of the eleven mongrel dogs (immediate group (n=3), one week group (n=3), three weeks group (n=5)) after making non-surgically induced myocardial infarction. We confirmed the infarct with TTC staining and microscopically. The location and extents of the myocardial infarction were correlated. RESULTS: A total of 24 MR images were archived; 11 images of the immediate post-embolic period, 8 images of one-week follow-up, and five of 3-week follow-up images. Comparing with the signal intensity of normal myocardium, immediate post-embolic MR images showed low or iso signal intensities (SI) of the infarct area on T1-weighted images (T1WI) and high SI on T2-weighted images (T2WI). No contrast enhancement with Gd-DTPA was made in all cases of the immediate post-embolic MRI. One-week and 3-week follow-up MR images showed low or iso SI on T1WI and slight high or iso SI on T2WI. Contrast enhancement images in both one-week and 3-week follow-up MRI showed denser enhancement of infarct area in one-week follow-up. The myocardial wall thinning was seen in 5 of eight dogs after one week and in 3 of five after 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: In non-surgical animal models of myocardial infarction, MR images showed low or iso SI on T1WI, and high SI on T2WI in various stages, and contrast enhancement was maximum after one week and gradual decrease to 3 weeks. The myocardial wall thinning was seen in one-to 3-week follow-up MR images.
Animals* ; Dogs ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Heart ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Models, Animal* ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium

A myxoma is a benign tumor found in the heart and in various soft tissues; however, a corneal myxoma is rare. A mucinous mass of unknown etiology was observed on the left cornea of a 32-year-old male patient. We performed deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using acellular corneal tissue and concurrent amniotic membrane transplantation. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed vacuolation of the parenchyma and myxoid change in the corneal tissue that occurred in the anterior half of the corneal parenchyma. We identified a myxoid stroma by Alcian blue staining and observed collagen fibers with denatured stroma by Masson trichrome staining. The patient's visual acuity improved from light perception to 20 / 200, and the intraocular pressure remained within the normal range for one year after surgery. The transplanted cornea survived successfully with well-maintained transparency, and recurrence was not observed one year after surgery.
Adult ; *Cornea ; Corneal Stroma/cytology/*transplantation ; Corneal Transplantation/*methods ; Eye Neoplasms/diagnosis/*surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Myxoma/diagnosis/*surgery

A myxoma is a benign tumor found in the heart and in various soft tissues; however, a corneal myxoma is rare. A mucinous mass of unknown etiology was observed on the left cornea of a 32-year-old male patient. We performed deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using acellular corneal tissue and concurrent amniotic membrane transplantation. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed vacuolation of the parenchyma and myxoid change in the corneal tissue that occurred in the anterior half of the corneal parenchyma. We identified a myxoid stroma by Alcian blue staining and observed collagen fibers with denatured stroma by Masson trichrome staining. The patient's visual acuity improved from light perception to 20 / 200, and the intraocular pressure remained within the normal range for one year after surgery. The transplanted cornea survived successfully with well-maintained transparency, and recurrence was not observed one year after surgery.
Adult ; *Cornea ; Corneal Stroma/cytology/*transplantation ; Corneal Transplantation/*methods ; Eye Neoplasms/diagnosis/*surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Myxoma/diagnosis/*surgery

BACKGROUND: Cicletanine bydrochloride is a newly developed anti-hypertensive agent. The presence of a furopyridine group characterizes its uncommon chemical structure as an antihypertensive molecule. This clinical trial was performed to confirm the efficacy and safety of cicletanine for the treatment of hypertension as a monotherapy. METHODS: In order to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral cicletanine, a now class of antihypertensive durgs, the furopyridines, on essential hypertension, a single daily dose of 50mg to 100mg cicletanine was administered in 46 hypertensive patients with diastolic blood pressure in the range of 95mmHg-115mmHg. The patients were asked to cut off other anti hypertensive agents for 10 weeks prior to this clinical trial. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured every 4 weeks. The complete blood count, blood chemistry done by SMA-12, serum electrolytes and urinalysis were performed at the 12th week of therapy. RESULTS: 1) Baseline blood pressures after 2 weeks of placebo at sitting and standing positions were 158.7+/-16.1/102.9+/-6.2 and 148.7+/-14.5/102.7+/-6.7mmHg, respectively. The overall slope which represents the tendency of blood pressure decline over the treatment period with cicletanine for all the patients in each position are as follows ; -0.726(SE : 0.150) for sitting systolic blood pressure(BP), -0.390(SE : 0.080) for sitting diastolic BP, -0.214(SE : 0.183) for standing systolic BP and -0.341(SE : 0.139) for standing diastolic BP. 2) The slope of sitting systolic BP line in cicletanine 100mg treated group was significantly stiffer than that of cicletanine 50mg treated group(-0.445 vs -1.021, p=0.0336). 3) There were no significant interval changes in heart rate over the treatment period. 4) There were no significant interval changes in blood chemistry, electrolytes, hematologic findings and urinalysis over the treatment period. 5) Several side effects were observed in six patients(epigastric discomfort in 4, easy fatigue and insomnia in one patient, respectively). CONCLUSION: Treatment with cicletanine was well-tolerated and the incidence of side effects was relatively low. Because of its unique anti-hypertensive mechanism and moderated antihypertensive effects, cicletanine may be well suited in the treatment of hypertension combined with other classes of antihypertensive agents.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Cell Count ; Blood Pressure ; Chemistry ; Electrolytes ; Fatigue ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Urinalysis