This report presents a case of a 17-year-old-girl who developed a, Kaposis varicelliforrn eruption(eczema herpeticum) during oral prednisolone therapy in order to control pemphigus foliaceus. Diagnosis was made by the history, clinical feature and histologic examination. Within 24 hours after the initiation of therapy with ribavirin(Viramid), new lesions had ceased to develop.
Diagnosis ; Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption* ; Pemphigus* ; Prednisolone

Purpose: Despite advances in neonatal care, extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) remains common in preterm infants. This retrospective single-center study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of EUGR in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: Data were collected concerning VLBW infants with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks between 2011 and 2020. EUGR was defined as a decline in weight z-score >1.2 from birth to discharge, using Fenton growth charts. Results: Among 331 eligible preterm infants, the prevalence of EUGR at discharge was 71.6%. Infants with EUGR had lower GA and birth weight than those without EUGR. They also underwent prolonged durations of parenteral nutrition, invasive ventilation, and hospitalization. Neonatal morbidities, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, gastrointestinal surgery, sepsis, and parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis were more prevalent in the EUGR group. Multivariate analysis identified lower GA and longer time to reach full enteral feeding as independent risk factors, whereas maternal use of antenatal steroids and history of gestational diabetes mellitus were independent protective factors for EUGR. Conclusion As VLBW infants are at a high risk of EUGR, continuous attention and efforts to achieve early full enteral nutrition are required to decrease the incidence of EUGR.

PURPOSE: Transfusion-transmitted virus(TTV) is an newly described nonenveloped human virus, with a circular, negative stranded DNA genome. Although a high prevalence of TTV infection in the normal population has been demonstrated, there is a still possibility of association with hepatitis according to the genotype of TTV. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of TTV infection in Korean children. METHODS: Nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR) using priner sets generated from the noncoding region(NCR) of the viral genome was done in 105 children without liver disease, aged 0-15 years. We performed a second set of PCR using N22 primer in 88 children after the first set of PCR. RESULTS: The TTV DNA was detectable in 36(34%) of 105 children without hepatitis by 5'NCR primer. The prevalence of TTV varied with age:<1 y,16%(4/25); 1-3 y, 44%(15/31); 4-6 y, 31%(5/ 16); 7-9 y, 25%(3/12); 10-15 y, 14%(3/21). By using N22 primers, the prevalence of TTV DNA in children without hepatitis was 11.3%(11/88):<1 y 8%(2/25); 1-3 y, 13.7%(4/29); 4-6 y, 6.2%(1/16); 7-9 y, 33.3%(2/6); 10-14 y, 8.2%(1/12). CONCLUSION: Our result showed a high prevalence of TTV infection, varying with age, in Korean children. Further evaluation of genotypes of TTV in patients with hepatitis and normal children is needed.
Child* ; DNA ; Genome ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence* ; Torque teno virus*

No abstract available.
Colon*

Recent studies have reported that obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms are highly prevalent in schizophrenia, and schizophrenic patients with OC symptoms have a poorer clinical course compared to those without OC symptoms. In spite of many previous case reports, treatment of OC symptoms in schizophrenia has not been systematically studied. We report a patient with chronic schizophrenia who had obsessive symptoms such as bizarre, stereotyped behaviors. Treatment with olanzapine and risperidone, resulted in partial response for his psychotic symptoms, respectively. The obsessive symptoms, however, persisted and fluoxetine was added to the risperidone regimen. After 4 weeks of combination treatment, fluoxetine was titrated up to 80 mg/day and his obsessive symptoms became less in frequency and intensity. After 7 weeks on combination treatment of risperidone and fluoxetine, obsessive symptoms resulted in a significant reduction. On the 20 months of following, he remained in a recovered state and had been treated with risperidone 4 mg/day, and fluoxetine 20 mg/day.
Fluoxetine ; Humans ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia ; Stereotyped Behavior

Vascular anomalies are congenital localized abnormalities that result from improper development and maintenance of the vasculature. The lesions of vascular anomalies vary in location, type, and clinical severity of the phenotype, and the current treatment options are often unsatisfactory. Most vascular anomalies are sporadic, but patterns of inheritance have been noted in some cases, making genetic analysis relevant. Developments in the field of genomics, including next-generation sequencing, have provided novel insights into the genetic and molecular pathophysiological mechanisms underlying vascular anomalies. These insights may pave the way for new approaches to molecular diagnosis and potential disease-specific therapies. This article provides an introduction to genetic testing for vascular anomalies and presents a brief summary of the etiology and genetics of vascular anomalies.

PURPOSE: Conventional contrast dacryocystography(C-DCG) has been used mainly for anatomical assessment of the lacrimal drainage apparatus, due to its limited information on the dynamics of the lacrimal system, and thus correlation role in epiphora. The purpose of study was to improve the diagnostic value in epiphora by utilizing RI dacryocystography(RI-DCG) with quantitative criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patient for RI dacryocystography set erect with the head fixed in front of gamma camera fitted with a standard 6 mm pinhole collimater. Both eyes of 85 patients(170 eyes) were scanned with 99rnTc-pertechnetate followed by conventional dacryocystography. The data from gamma camera were recorded simultaneously on a computer system for subsequent quantitative analysis. RESULTS: In 94 of 96 eyes without epiphora, RI-DCG was correlated with normal C-DCG and % of emptying was at least over 50%. In 58 of 74 eyes with epiphora, RI-DCG was correlated with abnormal C-DCG and % of emptying was at most below 50%. In 16 eyes with functional block, quantitative RI-DCG showed abnormal % of emptying. CONCLUSION: Nuclear DCG with quantitation had higher diagnostic yield in functional block and correlated higher with epiphora. Thus nuclear DCG with quantitation would be a valuable functional test after postprocedures such as dacryocystoplasty.
Computer Systems ; Drainage ; Gamma Cameras ; Head ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

OBJECTIVES: Although genotype of endothelial nitric oxide synthase has been investigated in many neuropsychiatric disorders, results were controversial and even contradictory. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in Korean schizophrenic patients, and compare it with healthy control group in terms of distribution of e genotype and allele frequency of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. METHODS: Using polymerase chain reaction and amplified refractory mutation system, endothelial nitric oxide synthase genotypes were identified in 77 schizophrenics and 121 healthy controls. RESULTS: 1) When genotypes of endothelial nitric oxide synthase were classified as a/a, a/b, b/b, there was no statistical difference in genotypes between the two groups. 2) In terms of allele frequency, there was also no statistical difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene seem to be unrelated to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia in Korean population.
Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic* ; Schizophrenia

CCR3 is a chemokine receptor that mediates the accumulation of allergic inflammatory cells, including eosinophils and Th2 cells, at inflamed sites. The regulatory sequence of the CCR3 gene, contains two Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) 1 sites and two PU.1 sites, in addition to a functional GATA site for transactivation of the CCR3 gene. In the present study, we examined the effects of the cis-acting elements of RUNX1 and PU.1 on transcription of the gene in EoL-1 eosinophilic cells and Jurkat T cells, both of which expressed functional surface CCR3 and these two transcription factors. Introduction of RUNX1 siRNA or PU.1 siRNA resulted in a modest decrease in CCR3 reporter activity in both cell types, compared with transfection of GATA-1 siRNA. Cotransfection of the two siRNAs led to inhibition in an additive manner. EMSA analysis showed that RUNX1, in particular, bound to its binding motifs. Mutagenesis analysis revealed that all point mutants lacking RUNX1- and PU.1-binding sites exhibited reduced reporter activities. These results suggest that RUNX1 and PU.1 participate in transcriptional regulation of the CCR3 gene.
Eosinophils ; Mutagenesis ; RNA, Small Interfering ; T-Lymphocytes ; Th2 Cells ; Transcription Factors ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection

A 62-year-old man was transferred to our emergency room because of acute encephalopathy. He was a nondrinker with history of a gastrectomy nineteen years ago. Two weeks before his visit, he had experienced transient poor oral intake due to gastroesophageal reflux (GER). His brain MRI showed definite lesions compatible with Wernicke Encephalopathy (WE). A trivial event like GER can complicate the marginal equilibrium of thiamine and, after a long latent interval following a gastrectomy, may induce delayed-onset WE.
Brain ; Emergencies ; Gastrectomy ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thiamine ; Wernicke Encephalopathy