This report presents a case of a 17-year-old-girl who developed a, Kaposis varicelliforrn eruption(eczema herpeticum) during oral prednisolone therapy in order to control pemphigus foliaceus. Diagnosis was made by the history, clinical feature and histologic examination. Within 24 hours after the initiation of therapy with ribavirin(Viramid), new lesions had ceased to develop.
Diagnosis ; Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption* ; Pemphigus* ; Prednisolone

Purpose: Despite advances in neonatal care, extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) remains common in preterm infants. This retrospective single-center study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of EUGR in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: Data were collected concerning VLBW infants with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks between 2011 and 2020. EUGR was defined as a decline in weight z-score >1.2 from birth to discharge, using Fenton growth charts. Results: Among 331 eligible preterm infants, the prevalence of EUGR at discharge was 71.6%. Infants with EUGR had lower GA and birth weight than those without EUGR. They also underwent prolonged durations of parenteral nutrition, invasive ventilation, and hospitalization. Neonatal morbidities, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, gastrointestinal surgery, sepsis, and parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis were more prevalent in the EUGR group. Multivariate analysis identified lower GA and longer time to reach full enteral feeding as independent risk factors, whereas maternal use of antenatal steroids and history of gestational diabetes mellitus were independent protective factors for EUGR. Conclusion As VLBW infants are at a high risk of EUGR, continuous attention and efforts to achieve early full enteral nutrition are required to decrease the incidence of EUGR.

No abstract available.
Colon*

Recent studies have reported that obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms are highly prevalent in schizophrenia, and schizophrenic patients with OC symptoms have a poorer clinical course compared to those without OC symptoms. In spite of many previous case reports, treatment of OC symptoms in schizophrenia has not been systematically studied. We report a patient with chronic schizophrenia who had obsessive symptoms such as bizarre, stereotyped behaviors. Treatment with olanzapine and risperidone, resulted in partial response for his psychotic symptoms, respectively. The obsessive symptoms, however, persisted and fluoxetine was added to the risperidone regimen. After 4 weeks of combination treatment, fluoxetine was titrated up to 80 mg/day and his obsessive symptoms became less in frequency and intensity. After 7 weeks on combination treatment of risperidone and fluoxetine, obsessive symptoms resulted in a significant reduction. On the 20 months of following, he remained in a recovered state and had been treated with risperidone 4 mg/day, and fluoxetine 20 mg/day.
Fluoxetine ; Humans ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia ; Stereotyped Behavior

PURPOSE: Transfusion-transmitted virus(TTV) is an newly described nonenveloped human virus, with a circular, negative stranded DNA genome. Although a high prevalence of TTV infection in the normal population has been demonstrated, there is a still possibility of association with hepatitis according to the genotype of TTV. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of TTV infection in Korean children. METHODS: Nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR) using priner sets generated from the noncoding region(NCR) of the viral genome was done in 105 children without liver disease, aged 0-15 years. We performed a second set of PCR using N22 primer in 88 children after the first set of PCR. RESULTS: The TTV DNA was detectable in 36(34%) of 105 children without hepatitis by 5'NCR primer. The prevalence of TTV varied with age:<1 y,16%(4/25); 1-3 y, 44%(15/31); 4-6 y, 31%(5/ 16); 7-9 y, 25%(3/12); 10-15 y, 14%(3/21). By using N22 primers, the prevalence of TTV DNA in children without hepatitis was 11.3%(11/88):<1 y 8%(2/25); 1-3 y, 13.7%(4/29); 4-6 y, 6.2%(1/16); 7-9 y, 33.3%(2/6); 10-14 y, 8.2%(1/12). CONCLUSION: Our result showed a high prevalence of TTV infection, varying with age, in Korean children. Further evaluation of genotypes of TTV in patients with hepatitis and normal children is needed.
Child* ; DNA ; Genome ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence* ; Torque teno virus*

Vascular anomalies are congenital localized abnormalities that result from improper development and maintenance of the vasculature. The lesions of vascular anomalies vary in location, type, and clinical severity of the phenotype, and the current treatment options are often unsatisfactory. Most vascular anomalies are sporadic, but patterns of inheritance have been noted in some cases, making genetic analysis relevant. Developments in the field of genomics, including next-generation sequencing, have provided novel insights into the genetic and molecular pathophysiological mechanisms underlying vascular anomalies. These insights may pave the way for new approaches to molecular diagnosis and potential disease-specific therapies. This article provides an introduction to genetic testing for vascular anomalies and presents a brief summary of the etiology and genetics of vascular anomalies.

PURPOSE: Conventional contrast dacryocystography(C-DCG) has been used mainly for anatomical assessment of the lacrimal drainage apparatus, due to its limited information on the dynamics of the lacrimal system, and thus correlation role in epiphora. The purpose of study was to improve the diagnostic value in epiphora by utilizing RI dacryocystography(RI-DCG) with quantitative criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patient for RI dacryocystography set erect with the head fixed in front of gamma camera fitted with a standard 6 mm pinhole collimater. Both eyes of 85 patients(170 eyes) were scanned with 99rnTc-pertechnetate followed by conventional dacryocystography. The data from gamma camera were recorded simultaneously on a computer system for subsequent quantitative analysis. RESULTS: In 94 of 96 eyes without epiphora, RI-DCG was correlated with normal C-DCG and % of emptying was at least over 50%. In 58 of 74 eyes with epiphora, RI-DCG was correlated with abnormal C-DCG and % of emptying was at most below 50%. In 16 eyes with functional block, quantitative RI-DCG showed abnormal % of emptying. CONCLUSION: Nuclear DCG with quantitation had higher diagnostic yield in functional block and correlated higher with epiphora. Thus nuclear DCG with quantitation would be a valuable functional test after postprocedures such as dacryocystoplasty.
Computer Systems ; Drainage ; Gamma Cameras ; Head ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

PURPOSE: To report a case of ocular perforation by an acupuncture needle directly through the bulbar conjunctiva. CASE SUMMARY: A 62-year-old male visited our clinic with acute ocular pain and decreased vision in his left eye. He had received intraocular acupuncture therapy one day earlier. A slit-lamp examination revealed conjunctival hyperemia and vitreous prolapse at the superonasal quadrant of the bulbar conjunctiva. Grade one of anterior chamber cells was found in the left eye. Dilated fundoscopy revealed three retinal hemorrhages at the superonasal quadrant of the retina; vitreous hemorrhage and opacity were also observed. Thus, vitrectomy and injections of intravitreal antibiotics were performed. Intraoperatively, we identified the entry site, located in the superonasal retinal quadrant, immediately behind the ora serratia. At the three-month postoperative follow-up, the patient's visual acuity was 0.9 in the left eye and the retina remained flat with no postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a case of ocular perforation and endophthalmitis following ocular acupuncture treatment. This case illustrates the dangers of intraocular acupuncture therapy.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture* ; Anterior Chamber ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Conjunctiva* ; Endophthalmitis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles* ; Postoperative Complications ; Prolapse ; Retina ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retinaldehyde ; Serratia ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

PURPOSE: A cDNA microarray is a systematic method to identify key molecules for prognosis and for treatment response by profiling thousands of genes expressed in a single cancer. The clinical value of cDNA microarray is still being investigated in various fields. This technique could be used in detecting molecules important for cancer to develop, to monitor the effect of new cancer therapeutics, and to give a prognosis for cancer patients. We now report the results of our initial cDNA microarray data to analyze the genome pattern of colorectal cancer tissues and to evaluate the possibility of using cDNA microarrays in a clinical setting for cancer patients. METHODS: We used the general cDNA microarray technique with a 2.4 K cDNA chip provided by Macrogene company. RNA extracted from seven colorectal cancer tissues was amplified by using RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction), and applied to a cDNA chip to produce an antigen-antibody reaction. The results were analyzed individually and hierarchically. RESULTS: All seven tested cancer tissues were harvested from operative specimens at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital. The male-to-female ratio was 4 to 3. Five patients were TNM stage II, and two patients were stage III. Eighteen genes were upregulated in stage II patients, and 51 in stage III patients. The number of genes discriminating stage was 69, including 8 control genes, 4 ribosomal genes, 5 EST genes, 10 known non-functional genes, 23 genesof unknown function, and 19 possible cancer-related genes. A hierarchial graph showed similar patterns within a stage, which suggests that genetic patterns might affect clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Seven colorectal cancer tissues were analyzed with the cDNA microarray technique using 2.4 K cDNA chip. Authors could identify 69 genes that showed the significant change of expression. Although our reports presented the preliminary results, we think that the cDNA microarray will be able to offer an informative results to predict cancer development and progression in colorectal cancer.
Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; DNA, Complementary* ; Genome ; Humans ; Korea ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis* ; Prognosis ; RNA

PURPOSE: To evaluate the radiologic findings and detectability of parathyroid masses in ultrasonograph computed tomography(CT), and radionuclide study(201TI-99mTc pertechnetate subtraction scintigraphy). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgically-proven 11 cases with parathyroid masses consisted of adenoma(n=8), adenomatous hyperplasia(n:2) and adenocarcinoma(n:l) were retrospectively analyzed. We performed US in all cases, CT in 8 cases, and radionuclide study in 7 cases. The parathyroid masses were analysed in regard to anatomic localization and imaging appearance on three modalities. RESULTS: Ten of the 11 parathyroid masses(91%) were located posterior to the thyroid gland and the remainder in the left superior mediastinum. Nine of the 11 cases(82%) were detected on US. The majority were well-defined hypoechoic mass on US. Six of the 8 cases(75%) were detected on CT scan. In the precontrst CT, all of the 8 masses were hypodense as compared with thyroid gland and most showed mild enhancement on post-contrast CT. Six of the 7 cases(86%) were detected on RI study as hot nodule. CONCLUSION: The typical radiological findings of the parathyroid mass were well-defined ovoid or round hypoechoic mass on US, hypodense mass with variable contrast enhancement on CT, and hot nodule on radionuclide study. US was a convenient and reliable imaging modality in detecting parathyroid masses. Improved diagnostic accuracy could be achieved with complementary CT scan and radionuclide study in addition to ultrasonography.
Mediastinum ; Retrospective Studies ; Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m ; Thyroid Gland ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography