No abstract available.
Gonadotropins* ; Oocytes*

No abstract available.
Estradiol* ; Female ; Menstrual Cycle* ; Superovulation*

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only known human pathogen among the Mycoplasma species isolated from the human respiratory tract. This pathogen causes respiratory infections most commonly in school-aged children and young adults. It may causes a variety of pulmonary manifestations and a few complication. empyema(pyothorax) as a complication of mycoplasma infection in children has been rarely reported. We report these two cases of empyema(pyothorax) preceded by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in 5-year-old boy and 6-year-old girl. They were successfully managed by administration of antibiotics as well as surgical drainage.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Drainage ; Empyema ; Empyema, Pleural ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mycoplasma Infections ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans

Intracorporeal synthetic penile implants, inflatable and noninflatable, have proved effective surgical adjuvants to the treatment of impotence during the last 20 years. Jonas noninflatable silicone prosthesis in which silver wires are embedded allows voluntary downward bending of the penis for urination in resting position and upward straightening for intercourse, thus, combining the simplicity of a noninflatable prosthesis with a more normal appearing detumescent phase. We experienced a case of Jonas silicone-silver penile prosthesis for erectile impotence in a 39 years old male.
Adult ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Prosthesis* ; Penis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Silicones ; Silver ; Urination

PURPOSE: There are some disagreements about the optimal dosages of intravenous gammaglobulin(IVGG) and oral aspirin(ASA) in the treatment of Kawasaki disease. So authors performed a prospective clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of IVGG 1g/kg plus ASA 50mg/kg/day. METHODS: We treated 29 patients who were admitted to Inha University Hospital from June 1993 through May 1994 with IVGG 1g/kg plus ASA 50mg/kg/d. We compared the outcomes of above patients with those of two other groups of patients, group A and B in authors' previous study. Group A(20 patients) had been treated with IVGG 2g/kg plus ASA 50mg/kg/d and group B(19 patients) with IVGG 2g/kg plus ASA 100mg/kg/d. The outcomes had been similar in group A and B, which was published on this journal in 1995 (vol. 38:378-385). RESULTS: 1) Twenty five patients(86.2%; group C) were given only one dose of IVGG 1g/kg, and remaining 4 patients(13.8%; group D) were given two doses of IVGG 1g/kg because of persistent high fever. 2) The age and sex distributions, durations of fever before treatment, and durations of ASA therapy in group C were not significantly different from those in group A and B (p>0.05). 3) Laboratory findings on admission in group C were not significantly different from those in group A and B, except that the mean ESR was lower in group C than in group A and B (35.1+/-19.8 vs 55.5+/-5.95 & 50.2+/-11.4mm/hr; p<0.01, respectively). 4) The durations of fever after treatment in group C were not significantly different from those in group A and B (1.32+/-1.07 vs 2.65+/-3.28 & 1.74+/-1.52 days; p>0.05, respectively). 5) In group C, the mean hemoglobin concentration at the 3rd week of illness was higher than in group A (11.1+/-0.98 vs 10.1+/-1.24g/dl; p<0.05), the mean platelet count at the 2nd week of illness was lower than in group A (59.4+/-18.0x10(4) vs 73.6+/-19.0x10(4)/ l; p<0.05), and the mean ESRs at the 2nd and 3rd week of illness were lower than in group A (43.3+/-14.7 vs 54.0+/-9.16, 31.9+/-19.0 vs 47.7+/-13.0mm/hr; p<0.05, respectively). Other follow-up laboratory findings in group C were not significantly different from those in group A and B. 6) Echocardiography was done 2 and 4 weeks after onset of illness. Coronary arterial dilation was observed in four(4/25; 16%) and two(2/23; 8.7%) patients respectively in group C, and the proportions were not significantly different from those in group A(40% & 25%) and B(31.6% & 10.5%) (p>0.05, respectively). In follow-up examinations, coronary aneurysm was observed in only one(1/23; 4.3%) in group C, which was similar to group A(1/18; 5.5%) and B(1/19; 5.2%) (p>0.05, respectively). Giant aneurysm was not observed in any patients. 7) Four patients(group D) were given one more dose of IVGG 1g/kg because high fever persisted 48 hours after injection of the first dose of IVGG. Afterthen fever subsided within 1 to 7 days. Echocardiography revealed mild coronary arterial dilation in two patients initially, but follow-up examinations revealed no coronary aneurysm. CONCLUSIONS: The medium-dose combined regimen with IVGG 1g/kg plus ASA 50mg/kg/d seems to be more cost-effective than the high-dose regimen with IVGG 2g/kg plus ASA 50-100mg/kg/d. If high fever persists 48 hours or more after the first dose of IVGG 1g/kg, it is desirable to give one more dose of IVGG 1g/kg.
Aneurysm ; Aspirin* ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Echocardiography ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Platelet Count ; Prospective Studies ; Sex Distribution

BACKGROUND: Clonidine depress the surge of sympathetic system outflow via central alpha 2 adrenergic effect. Still on a debate is the receptor relevant to analgesic effect of clonidine. METHODS: Intrathecal catheter(PE-10, 10 cm in length) was inserted via the atlanto-occipital membrane and the tip of intrathecal catheter was allowed to reach at the lumbar area. At the fifth day after catheter insertion, all experimental animals were ramdomly divided to two groups. Clonidine (5 microgram) in clonidine group and morphine (45 microgram) in morphine group was administered into subarachnoid space 20 minutes before tail-clamping test. Heart rate and blood pressure changes were recorded during the experimental period. Then naloxone was given intravenously 5 minutes after the first tail-clamping test. In 2 minutes after that, the second tail clamping was done. RESULTS: Results were as follows. First, comparing the highest blood pressure changes before and after administration of naloxone, the elevation of blood pressure was significant after administration of naloxone in morphine group(p<0.05), but not in clonidine group. Second, comparing the change of heart rate, in morphine group there was significant elevation of heart rate before and after administration of naloxone. And comparing the highest elevation of heart rate, morphine group showed significant difference before and after naloxone administration(p<0.05), but not in clonidine group. CONCLUSIONS: From above results, we assumed that the analgesic effect of clonidine was not related to the opiate receptor.
Adrenergic Agents ; Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Clonidine* ; Constriction ; Heart Rate ; Membranes ; Morphine ; Naloxone* ; Rats* ; Receptors, Opioid ; Subarachnoid Space

BACKGROUND: Intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) provides high resolution cross-sectional images of the vessels and permits the quantiative and qualitative assessment of coronary artery disease. Stent is a figid endovascular lattice that effectively prevents elastic recoil at treated sites, but in-stent restenois is a major limitation. The purpose of thecurrent study is to assess the contribution of neointimal hyperplasia for in-stent restenosis and the distribution and morphological characteristics of neointimal hyperplasia in deployed stents. METHODS: Thirty patients(male 25 & female 5;31 leions) deployed with intracoronary stents underwent intravascular ultrasound imaging at follow-up at least 4 months after stenting ([mean+/-SD] 8.3+/-2.9 months). RESULTS: 1) In-stent restenosis occurered in 15 lesions out of 31 lesions at follow-up coronary angiography. There was no difference in clinical characteristics between the restenotic and the non-restenotic groups. 2) There was no difference in angiographic profiles between two groups. Deployed stents were as follows ; 16 Palmaz-Schatz(P-S) stents, 12 Gianturco-Roubin(G-R) stents, 2 Cordis stents, and I Microstent II. Average diameter of stents in the restenotic and the non-restenotic groups were 3.07+/-0.26mm and 3.16+/-0.30mm, respectively(p=0.38). 3) There was no difference of stent cross-sectional areas(CSA) between the non-restenotic and the restenotic groups(p=0.476), but luminal CSA of the restenotic group was significantly smaller than that of the non-restenotic group(p=0.006). 4) In the restenotic group, there were no differences of the maximal and the minimal diameters of stents, and the mean CSAs of stents smong proxiaml, mid and distal segments. But the mean CSA of neointimal hyperplasia at the mid segment was larger than that at the distal segment(p<0.05). There was a tendency thatthe mean CSA of neointimal hyperplasia at the mid segment was larger than that at the proximal segment(p=0.187). These findings were the same in the non-restenotic group. 5) In the restenotic group deployed with P-S stents, there were no differences of the maximal and the minimal diameters of stents, and the mean cross-sectional areas(CSA) of stents between each segment. But, the mean CSA of neointimal hyperplasia at the mid segment was larger than that at the distal segment(p<0.005) and there was a tendency that the mean CSA of neointimal hyperplasia at the mid segment was larger than that at the proximal segment(p=0.354). 6) In the morphology of neointimal hyperplasia of the restenotic group, eccentric form(77%) was more common than concentric form(22%). Neointimal hyperplasia occurred in focal or diffuse patterns(7 versus 8 cases). CONCLUSIONS: In-stent restenosis resulted from neointimal hyperplasia which almost mainly occurred eccentrically at the mid segment of stents and in focal or diffuse patterns. Intravascular ultrasound imaging was a useful method for recognition of distribution and morphological characteristics of neointimal hyperplasia at follow-up of deployed stents.
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Phenobarbital ; Stents* ; Ultrasonography*

Gastric metastasis occurs in about 0.7% to 1.7%, of patients dying of solid tumors of extragastrointestinal origin. Metastatic disease involving the stomach is an unusual and difficult clinical problem and presenting symptoms include nonspecific epigastric pain and melena. In most cases of gastric metastasis, the histologic finding of the gastroscopic biopsy suggests the correct diagnosis. There are only a few reports of gastric metastasis from malignant melanoma. We report a case of malignat melanoma of gastric metastasis, which was diagnosed by gastroscopy.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Gastroscopy* ; Humans ; Melanoma* ; Melena ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Stomach

Gastric metastasis occurs in about 0.7% to 1.7%, of patients dying of solid tumors of extragastrointestinal origin. Metastatic disease involving the stomach is an unusual and difficult clinical problem and presenting symptoms include nonspecific epigastric pain and melena. In most cases of gastric metastasis, the histologic finding of the gastroscopic biopsy suggests the correct diagnosis. There are only a few reports of gastric metastasis from malignant melanoma. We report a case of malignat melanoma of gastric metastasis, which was diagnosed by gastroscopy.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Gastroscopy* ; Humans ; Melanoma* ; Melena ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Stomach