PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a Yoga-focused prenatal program on the stress, anxiety, self confidence and labor pain of pregnant women who had in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. METHODS: A quasi experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The data collection period and meditation program were between January 9 and August 31, 2009. Forty-six women who were pregnant following IVF, and were between 12-20 weeks gestation, participated in the study (23 experimental group, 23 control group). Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U Test, ANCOVA, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients with the SPSS 12.0 for Windows Program. RESULTS: Although the sample size was limited, women who participated in the program showed statistically significant improvements in stress, anxiety, labor pain, and labor confidence for women pregnant after IVF. CONCLUSION: The result indicate that this 12-week Yoga-focused educational program can be utilized for women pregnant following IVF to reduce their stress, anxiety, and labor pain, and to increase delivery confidence. It is suggested that the Yoga-focused educational program be offered to every pregnant woman.
Adult ; Anxiety/*prevention & control ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Labor Pain/*therapy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women/*psychology ; Program Development ; *Self Concept ; Stress, Psychological ; *Yoga

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the relationship between gender-role stereotypes, sexual assault awareness and permissible limits in the college students. METHODS: With a structured survey, a sample of 756 college students who agreed to participate in the study completed a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: The result showed that gender-role stereotypes differed significantly depending on gender and age, while awareness of sexual assault differed significantly depending on gender, age, and location of residence. The permissible limits in sexual assault differed significantly according to gender, relationship with parents, and location of residence. There were significant relationships among awareness of sexual assault, gender-role stereotypes, and permissible limits of sexual assault. CONCLUSION: The result will provide preliminary data and strategies to develop sexual assault prevention programs.
Humans ; Parents

PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the effect and retention of CPR training in nursing students. METHODS: The participants were 64 nursing students enrolled in K University in Busan. Data were collected from April 3 to October 20, 2006 using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/PC 12.0 statistical program. RESULTS: The first hypothesis, that knowledge (t=-17.865, p=0.000) and skill (t=-11.216, p= 0.000) scored directly following the teaching program would be higher than before the program, was supported. The second hypothesis, that knowledge (t=-8.325, p=0.171) and skill (t=-9.812, p=0.062) scored directly after the teaching program would be higher than two months later, was rejected. The third hypothesis, that knowledge (t=-9.162, p=0.010) and skill (t=-6.019, p=0.023) scored two months after the program would be higher than four months after the program, was supported. The last hypothesis, that knowledge (t=9.169, p=0.210) and skill (t=-5.012, p=0.319) scored four months after the program would be higher than six months after the program, was rejected. CONCLUSION: Overall retention of CPR training among nursing students, without reinforcement, decreases most significantly between two and four months following initial training. Accordingly CPR training should be repeated with the same clients every four months.
Busan ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Education ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Students, Nursing*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study were to examine the level of climacteric symptom, coping and depression among middle-aged women and to identify the relationship between climacteric symptom, coping and depression. METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. The participants were 275 middle-aged women visiting obstetrics and gynecology hospital in one metropolitan city. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean climacteric symptom score was .54, the mean depression score was .74 and the mean coping score was .35. The level of climacteric symptom, depression and coping were slightly lower than those of other studies. There were positive relationships between climacteric symptom and depression and between climacteric symptom and coping. CONCLUSIONS: To promote physical and emotional health of middle-aged women, more attention is necessary to decrease their climacteric symptom and depression. These results can be used for nursing intervention and care programs for creating better quality of life for middle-aged women.
Climacteric ; Depression ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Obstetrics ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Lymphadenitis*

The second survey which was composed of questionnaires on a variety of ophthalmic topics was made up and sent to members of the Korean Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery(KSCRS) in March, 1997. The second survey was composed of 80 items, including 8 additional items compare to the first survey in 1996. Forty-three percent(65/150) responded and the results were compared to these of the first survey.Over half of the respondents(64%) were in their forties. Catarct operation accounted for over 60% of the total operations in 75% of KSCRS members which was increased compared to previous survey(45%). The 0-2 days of admission in the cataract surgery was 56% of respondents that was increased than previous survey(36%). Increased preference to 3.5mm incision and 5.5mm incision in cataract operation and increased use of 5.5mm optic size IOL(47%) in phacoemulsification surgery compare to previous survey in that 6.0mm optic size IOL was mostly used were shown which indicate increase of small incision cataract surgery.For radial keratotomy as a means of correcting myopia, 97% of the respondents were not performing the procedure. Fortu-six percent of the respondents have been doing excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy which was decreased than previous survey(54%).For use of foldable IOL. which was one of new question items, 50% of respondents answered they use it in less than 20% of cataract surgery which indicates foldable IOL is not popularly used.These results reflect the present trends of cataract and refractive surgeries in Korea.
Cataract* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Keratotomy, Radial ; Korea ; Lasers, Excimer ; Myopia ; Phacoemulsification ; Photorefractive Keratectomy ; Refractive Surgical Procedures*

Microbiomes are known to have a beneficial effect on human health by promoting the effective removal of improperly functioning immune cells and protecting the host from pathogen infection. On the other hand, these microbiomes are also known as the causative agent of numerous malignant tumors. Until now, the bladder has been regarded as aseptic, but the concept of the “sterile bladder” has been changed with the discovery of living bacteria embedded in the bladder with the recent development of polymerase chain reaction and culture techniques. This paper referred to the relationship between microbiome and bladder cancer. Microbiome will be able to be seen as a non-invasive biomarker to predict the success rate of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation treatment in patients of bladder cancer.

Microbiomes are known to have a beneficial effect on human health by promoting the effective removal of improperly functioning immune cells and protecting the host from pathogen infection. On the other hand, these microbiomes are also known as the causative agent of numerous malignant tumors. Until now, the bladder has been regarded as aseptic, but the concept of the “sterile bladder” has been changed with the discovery of living bacteria embedded in the bladder with the recent development of polymerase chain reaction and culture techniques. This paper referred to the relationship between microbiome and bladder cancer. Microbiome will be able to be seen as a non-invasive biomarker to predict the success rate of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation treatment in patients of bladder cancer.

Leaflet escape of prosthetic valve is rare but potentially life threatening. It is essential to make timely diagnosis in order to avoid mortality. Transesophageal echocardiography and cinefluoroscopy is usually diagnostic and the location of the missing leaflet can be identified by computed tomography (CT). Emergent surgical correction is mandatory. We report a case of fractured escape of Edward-Duromedics mitral valve 27 years after the surgery. The patient presented with symptoms of acute decompensated heart failure and cardiogenic shock. She was instantly intubated and mechanically ventilated. After prompt evaluation including transthoracic echocardiography and CT, the escape of the leaflet was confirmed. The patient underwent emergent surgery for replacement of the damaged prosthetic valves immediately. Eleven days after the surgery, the dislodged leaflet in iliac artery was removed safely and the patient recovered well.
Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Heart Failure ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Mitral Valve ; Prosthesis Failure ; Shock, Cardiogenic ; United Nations

The use of superselective embolization was assessed as a treatment for bleeding from arteriovenous fistulas and pseudoaneurysm after renal biopsy procedure. But unless it is sufficiently selective, the procedure results in loss of significant amount of renal parenchyme. We experienced one case of renal arterial pseudoaneurysm, which happened at 5days after percutaneous renal biopsy. Diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm was made by ultrasound examination with Doppler flow and was confirmed with arteriography. The rupture of pseudoaneurysm was occluded by transcatheter embolization with placement of a steel coli and polyvinlyl alcohol from the renal arterial approach. This procedure was allowed non surgical closure of the AV fostula and pseudoaneurysm without significant change of renal function.
Aneurysm, False* ; Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Biopsy* ; Diagnosis* ; Hemorrhage ; Rupture ; Steel ; Ultrasonography