To demonstrate possible influences of general bone density on the mandible, histomorphometric analysis was carried out in mandibles and iliac bones and the correlation of the two bone densities was tested. Comparison of bony density in women and men over 60 years in the mandible was carried out too. Quantitative computed tomography (GCT) was taken in cross-section of mandibles at the same site where histomorphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability of QCT. The analysis included 40 cadavers with no known disease affecting the bones. The subjects consisted of 15 females and 25 males with a mean age of 60.3 years. Spearman correlation analysis and Wilcoxon rank sum test was performed. The results were as follows. 1. There was statistically no correlation between the mandible and iliac bone in the walues of corrected cortical width (CCW), cortical porosity (POR) in cortex, and total bone volume(TBV), mean trabecular plate thickness (MTPT), mean trabecular plate density (MTPD), and mean trabecular plate separation (MTPS) in trabecular bone. 2. Comparison of women and men over 60 years, men had statistically higher bone density than women except for POR of buccal and lingual cortex, and MTPD of alveolar trabeculae in mandible. 3. There was statistically significant correlation between TBV of trabecular bone and CT NO., but not between POR and CT No. In mandible. According to the results above, there was no correlation between mandible and iliac bone density and between mandibular bony density and age. Further studies are required to support the results. A more noninvasive method to be able to measure the bone density of mandible should be developed and it is necessary to accumulate data on the normal values of bone density of mandible according to age and sex. Further study should be carried out about QCT to measure mandibular bony density using QCT.
Bone Density* ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible* ; Porosity ; Reference Values

No abstract available.
Esophagus* ; Transplants*

Postictal sequential serum prolactin concentrations were observed in 28 patients with various type of seizures who were hospitalized at Keimyung University Hospital. Of 28 epileptic patients, 18 male and 10 female, age ranged from 18 years to 79 years (mean 42 years), 15 with generalized seizures, 13 with focal seizures (5 with simple partial seizures and 8 with partial seizures with generalization). Symptomatic epilepsy and epileptic patients with factors which may affect serum prolactin concentrations were excluded in this study. Serum prolactin concentrations were measure at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after convulsion and 24 hours after convulsion for the base line serum prolactin level. Patients with generalized seizsures and significant elevation of serum prolactin concentrations at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after ictus (Table 1). Same results were obtained in patients with simple partial seizures at 30 minutes and 60 minutes after ictus, and 15 minutes and 30 minutes after ictus in patients with partial seizures with secondary generalization (Table 2 and 3). Level of serum prolactin concentrations were higher in patients with generalized seizure than the other type of seizures. Therefore, measuring serum prolactin level could help differentiate postictal state and other causes of mental change, and also differentiative various type of seizures.
Epilepsies, Partial ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Generalization (Psychology) ; Humans ; Male ; Prolactin* ; Seizures*

The occurrence of fistulous tract between the thoracic subarachnoid space and the pleural cavity due to injury is uncommon. The one was developed after traffic accident and treated by surgical repair of the fistula : The other was post-operative complication of costotransversectomy for T2 sympathectomy. The complication was realized by the surgeon who was aware of the small leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the dura propria of the T2 nerve root at the time of surgery. Intermittent pleural punctures for drainage and semisitting position were followed by spontaneous closure of the fistula. These cases were reported so that the uncommon condition might be added to the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion.
Accidents, Traffic ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drainage ; Fistula* ; Pleural Cavity ; Pleural Effusion ; Punctures ; Subarachnoid Space ; Sympathectomy

No abstract available.
Fetal Growth Retardation* ; Rheology* ; Umbilical Arteries*

This study was designed to investigate whether fibrosis of the corpus cavernoum(CC) induced by repeated intracavernous injection of papaverine HCl was related to pH of the drug. Forty-eight New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2.5kg-3.0kg were divided into 4 groups of 12 animals each. Group 1 received isotonic saline. Group 2; pH 2.0 papaverine HCl. Group 3; pH 3.0 papaverine HCl and Group 4; pH 4.0 papaverine HCl. The solution (0.1ml isotonic saline or 2mg. papaverine HCl of seeh pH) was injected intracorporeally twice every week for 6 months. Every one month since beginning of the injection, 2 animals of each group were sacrificed. the penis was observed with H and E and Masson`s lrichomme stain microscopically. No sign of Fibrosis was found in the CC of the group l even after 6months of injection. However, Group 2. 3 and 4 began to show focal of diffuse thin fibrotic changes after 2 months of injection. The fibrotic changes progressed more and more in accordance with the Frequency of papaverine HCl injection. After 4 months of injection. Group 2 showed diffuse thick fibrosis whereas Group 3 and 4 showed diffuse thin or focal thick fibrosis. In conclusion, intracavernous papaverine itself seems to play a main role to induce fibrosis of CC. However, the acidity of the papaverine HCl also might be responsible to development of the fibrosis when injected repeatedly for a long period.
Animals ; Fibrosis* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Papaverine* ; Penis ; Rabbits

Two cases of spontaneous kidney rupture with literatural review was presented at first in Korea. 1) 56 years male patient and 25 years male patient admitted to our department of Urology through Emergency Room after onset of 2 and 1 day. after treatment at local clinic. 2) Chief complaints were one side flank pain which was followed by total gross hematuria. 3) Preoperative diagnoses were kidney rupture due to necrotic pelvic tumor in 56 years male and hypernephroma in 25 years male patient. 4) Operation was procedured at 8 days and 4 days after admission respectively. 5) The operative procedure were nephrectomy in both cases. 6) The pathological diagnoses were pelvis rupture due to renal stone and parenchymal rupture due to renal infarction in each case.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Infarction ; Kidney* ; Korea ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Pelvis ; Rupture ; Rupture, Spontaneous* ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Urology

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five nodular HCCs [long diameter of 1.2 -10 (mean, 3.4) cm] in 19 patients (15males and 4 females) were treated by PMCT 4-138 days after TACE. Under ultrasound guidance, the carcinomas were punctured with a 14-G guideneedle through which a microwave electrode(25.0 cm in length, 1.6mm in diameter) was inserted. To coagulate the HCCs and surrounding hepatic parenchyma, microwave irradiation at 60W for 45 -60 seconds was then applied. One to three sessions of PMCT were performed at intervals of 2-6 days, and one week to 29 months later, the therapeutic effect was evaluated by spiral CT, angiography, and serum alpha-fetoprotein. RESULTS: Eighteen of 25 HCCs (72.0%) were necrotized completely, but seven (28.0%) recurred. Ninety percent of HCCs smaller than 4 cm in long diameter showed complete remission, but all those larger than 4 cm recurred. Alpha-fetoprotein levels decreased markedly in five patients (26.3%), while in 12 (63.2%), asparate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed transient elevation. Minor complications occurred after PMCT (mild abdominal pain in 8 patients, fever in 7, pleural effusion in 3, portal vein thrombosis in 1, and hepatic abscess in 1), but in no case was this serious. CONCLUSION: PMCT combined with TACE provides effective and safe treatement for nodular HCCs with a long diameter of less than 4 cm.
Abdominal Pain ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; Angiography ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Fever ; Humans ; Liver Abscess ; Microwaves* ; Pleural Effusion ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Venous Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Amikacin* ; Cefuroxime* ; Hysterectomy* ; Sodium*

27 Myelographies with Iopamidol and 27 myelographies with metrizamide were performed in order to compare adverse reactions, radiographic quality and effects on vital signs of the two contrast media after injection into the spinal subarachnoid space. Headache and nausea were less severe using Iopamidol. The most striking difference was found in adverse neurobehavioral reactions and associated electroencephalographic abnormalities which were noted in 7.4% of the metrizamide group but were not seen with the use of Iopamidol. Iopamidol was more stable than metrizamide in CSF. Image quality and diagnostic accuracy of Iopamidol myelography was equivalent to metrizamide for intrathecal application.
Contrast Media ; Headache ; Iopamidol* ; Metrizamide ; Myelography* ; Nausea ; Strikes, Employee ; Subarachnoid Space ; Vital Signs