Vesicoureteral reflux is closely associated with urinary tract infection and if persisted, will result in impairment of renal function. So, early detection and proper treatment are necessary. To looking for the reason of taking voiding cystourethrogram under the impression of vesicoureteral reflux among the patients who visit urologic out-patient department and to study the success rates of medical and surgical management, we reviewed 25 vesicoureteral reflux patients(36 ureters) from January, 1983 to August, 1986 in Ewha Woman`s University Hospital. The following results were obtained: 1. Among 25 patients, 18 were children. 2. Symptoms and signs on initial visit were fever, urinary frequency, flank pain, gross hematuria, abdominal mass in sequence and fever with urinary frequency was most common. 3. Normal findings on IVP in 15 among 25 patients and abnormal findings in 10 were noted. 4. 22 of 36 refluxing ureters were under grade IV. 5. Rates of disappearance of vesicoureteral reflux in medical and surgical management were 60%, 95%, receptively.
Child ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Ureter ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

A 20 year-old female underwent an anterior two third corpus callosotomy for the treatment of medically intractable seizures consisting of frequent ictal falls resulted in recurrent head injuries for the past 10 years. Preoperative interictal EEG revealed bilaterally independent multiple foci of epileptiform discharges and slow background rhythm as well as frequent bursts of generalized spike-and-wave complexes. Prolonged video-EEG monitoring demonstrated that the patient's habitual drop seizures were tonic seizures and the patient may also have atypical absence seizures and rare complex partial seizures, Postoperative course was complicated by the development of acute disconnection syndrome consisting of mutism, left lower extremity weakness and urge of urination, which have gradually improved over 4 weeks, She also developed a fever which was subsequently found to be related with postoperative inflammatory lesion. However, her tonic seizures did improve markedly and replaced by occasional brief focal clonic jerks of the left lower extremity The interictal EEG also improved markedly and consisted of only a few episodes of right central spikes and one brrief burst of generalized spike-wave complexes, Neurologic evaluation at one month of operation revealed slightly impaired memory and frontal lobe functions, otherwise unremarkable compared to the preoperative condition, Tbus, we feel that sectioning of the corpus callosum interrupts generalized epileptiform discharges and may be of great benefits in reducing generalized seizures in selected patients with intractable epilepsy.
Corpus Callosum ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy* ; Epilepsy, Absence ; Female ; Fever ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Memory ; Mutism ; Seizures ; Urination ; Young Adult

We report a case of leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord with the review of literatures. To our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in Korea.
Korea ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Spermatic Cord*

BACKGROUND: Exposure to organic solvents becomes a common problem to workers of heavy industries in Korea. A number of volatile organic solvents which are frequently used in painting can cause various derangements of the nervous system, especially cognitive impairments and peripheral neuropathy. METHODS: This study was carried out on 190 workers as a control group who had never been exposed to organic solvents and on 674 spray painters with long-term exposure to organic solvent mixtures. The major components of organic solvent mixtures were determined. All subjects underwent neurological examination as well as routine physical check-up after completing questionnaires on general, musculoskeletal, neuropsychiatric and neurological systems. Subjects with abnormal findings on neurological examination related with the exposure of organic solvent mixtures took further neuropsychological and neurophysiological tests. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of cognitive impairments and of peripheral neuropathy in the exposed group were significantly higher than the control group (9.5% vs 2.1% and 2.1% vs 0%, respectively). High exposure group (more than 2.64 of cumulative exposure index, CEI) showed also higher prevalence of cognitive impairments and of peripheral neuropathy than low exposure group (cognitive impairments; 12.3% vs 6.4%, peripheral neuropathy; 2.3% vs 1.8%). Most common cognitive impairments were attentional deficit, and abnormal sense on the extremities or face was most common symptom of the peripheral nervous system. CONCLUSION: This study is the first large-scale, case-control study extensively evaluating cognitive impairments and peripheral neuropathy related with volatile organic solvent mixtures in spray painters working in a shipbuilding industry in Korea. The results show that the prevalence rates of cognitive impairments and of peripheral neuropathy are relatively low, but clearly related with the exposure extent of organic solvents.
Case-Control Studies ; Extremities ; Korea ; Metallurgy ; Nervous System ; Neurologic Examination ; Paint ; Paintings ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Solvents*