Nine cases of cardiac arrest caused by various conditions and circumstances has been reported. 1. All of them were resuscitated by external cardiac massage but one of them had very poor physical; conditions because of delay in management. 4 cases made an uncomplicated recovery and 5 cases expired. Acute and chronic hypoxia was suspected as the most commoncause of cardiac arrest in these cases. 3. Of the expired 5 cases, intravenous injection of potassium chloride was suspected as the cause in one case. Another one was due to spinal anesthesia. 4. External cardiac massage might be an excellent method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anoxia ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Heart Arrest* ; Heart Massage ; Injections, Intravenous ; Potassium Chloride

A case of parathion poisoning has been reported; in which the symptoms of hypoxia resulted from partial airway obstruction, however this was mistaken for parathion poisoning, and the correct diagnosis was proved by removal of hard blood clot in the bronchial bifurcation. Conclusions were as follows: Adquate administration of PAM and atropine presented impressive response of symptoms. 2. Careful and frequent removal of secretion might be the most important problem especially in this poisoning. 3. Massive administration of antibiotics could prevent pulmonary complications. 4. Pulmonary edema, the most common complication, was not present.
Airway Obstruction* ; Anoxia ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Atropine ; Diagnosis ; Paralysis* ; Parathion* ; Poisoning* ; Pulmonary Edema

Twenty-two children(4 months to 17 years old)with a clincial diagnosis of complex partial seizure(CPS) were examined with a 0.5T MRI scanner using spin-echo sequences. Eleven patients showed abnormal brain MRI findings; two had focal lesions with corresponding seizure foci on the EEG, one arising from temporal lobe(Hippocampal Formation atrophy) and the other from the frontal lobe. Nine patients showed diffuse lesions with inconsistent seizure foci on EEG. The remaining 11 patients were normal on bran MRI; two of them had normal EEG findings and the others either focal or diffuse abnormalities on EEG.
Brain* ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Seizures*

CT is a valuable method in determining number, location and extent of lesions, although a definite diagnosisis often not possible on CT. In intracranial tuberculosis, CT was helpful in the diagnosis, assessing the degreeof hydrocephalus and evaluating the effectiveness of antituberculous therapy. Twenty-one cases of clinical lyproven intracranial tuberculosis were studied by CT in our hospital during last 3 years. Of them, eighteen caseswere tuberculous meningitis and the rests were tuberculoma. The results were as follows; 1. Tuberculous meningitis presented the following three patterns of CT findings according to its disease process. a. In early stage of the disease, suspcious multiple isodense small nodules in the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres showed dense enhancement in postcontrast scan representing miliary tubercles. b. In later stage of the disease, precontrastscan showed partial or total obliteration of the basal and sylvian cisterns with mild dilatation of ventricularsystem. Postcontrast scan showed dense enhancement of basal and sylvian sisterns. This type of finding was themost common in our series. c. Moderate to marked dilatation of ventricle with or without a cluster ofcalcifications in suprsella area on precontrast scan was seen in far later stage or as a sequellae of the disease. No enhancement was noted in postcontrast study. 2. Tuberculoma showed an isodense or slightly hyperdense area inthe cerebral or cerebellar hemisphere with associated minimal edema in precontrast study. Postcontrast scan showeda small ring enhancement with central lucent area.
Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Edema ; Hydrocephalus ; Methods ; Tuberculoma ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal

Paragonimiasis is widely distributed in Far East and Southeast Asia, particularly in Korea. The centralnervous system is the most frequent location for paragonimiasis outside the lungs. We analized the computedtomographic findings of 17 cases which were diagnosed pathologically and clinically as cerebral paragonimiasis.The results were as follows; 1. The ratio of male to female was 10:7 and about 88% of cases were under the age of40 years. 2. The common location so cerebral paragonimiasis were the occipital (12 cases ) and temporal (11 cases) lobes. 3. Precontrast CT findings of cerebral paragonimiasis were low density with calcifications in 6 cases,low and isodensities in 4 cases, mixed densities in 3 cases, only low density in 2 cases and only calcification sin 2 cases. Hydrocephalus (7 cases), mass effect (6 cases), atrophic change(6 cases) and cyst formation (3 cases)were associated. 4. The shape of calcifications in CT scan were soap-bubble or ring in 6 cases, nodular or oval in6 cases, stippled in 4 cases and amorphous conglomerated in 2 cases. 5. The contrast-enhanced 8 cases were 5 ringor rim like, 2 nodular and 1 irregular enhancements, while 9 cases were not enhanced.
Asia, Southeastern ; Far East ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Korea ; Lung ; Male ; Paragonimiasis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Over a period of recent two years, 100 patients who had localized pulmonary lesions and underwent percutaneousneedle aspiration and biopsy, were analized. There were 56 malignancies and 44 benign and 79% respectively.Differentiation of malignancy vs. benignity was possible in 89% of cases obviating unnecessary exploratorythoracotomy for diagnostic purpose, Five cases were misinterpreted and eight cases were non-diagnostic oncytology. Inadequate materail was obtained in two cases; one was due to hardness of the mass, which, later,confirmed as chondrosarcoma, and the other was too samll(0.8x1.0cm) to be visible on lateral view. Theobainenability of the tissue was 98%. 14(14%) patients developed pneumothorax; one of them required treatment andthe reminder showed spontaneous resporption. (Transient neglibigle blood tinged sputum was found in 16(16%)cases.) The method, problems and complications are discussed. Authors recommend the percutaneous needle aspirationand biopsy as the initial procedure in diagnostic work-up of pulmonary coin lesions, especially when they aresmaller, more peripheral and metastatic neoplasm is neoplasm is suspected.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chondrosarcoma ; Hardness ; Humans ; Methods ; Needles ; Pneumothorax ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; Sputum ; Tolnaftate

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH). METHODS: Five hundred seventy-five cases of PIH and 7,702 cases of normotensive pregnancies who were delivered their infants at Wonkwang University Hospital from January, 1994 to December, 1998 were selected for the study. The data were collected by review of the hospital record and the statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests, and statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. RESULTS: The incidence of PIH was 7.1% of total deliveries. Among the PIH, the incidence of mild preedampsia was found in 59%, severe preeclampsia in 36%, and edampsia in 5%. The most prevalent gestational period was 38-42wks gestation in mild PIH and 33-37wks gestation in severe PIH & eclampsia. The incidence of cesarean section was significantly higher in severe PIH & eclampsia(72.2%) than in mild PIH(48.7%) and normotensive pregnancies(39.7%). The incidence of hypoalbuminemia, preterm labor, placental abruption, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and pulmonary edema were significantly higher in severe PIH & edampsia than in mild PIH and normotensive pregnancies. Compared with normotensive pregnancies or mild PIH, severe PIH & eclampsia had significantly elevated risks for low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal distress, low apgar score, meconium stained, and neonatal deaths. CONCLUSION: The incidence of PIH is not decreasing and it still an important role in the cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity in Korea. So, further studies are necessary to prepare a guide for the treatment of PIH.
Abruptio Placentae ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Fetal Distress ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Meconium ; Obstetric Labor, Premature ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Pulmonary Edema

The hepatic artery was embolized with absolute ethanol in 1 mongrel dogs to evaluate the embolic effect andsafety of this material. Follow up angiography and liver function test were performed at 15 minutes, 1 week and 4weeks after embolization. Retrograde cholangiography, microangiography and pathologic examination were done at 4weeks after embolization. The result was as follows: 1. Sequential angiography showed successful and persistentocclusion of intrahepatic arteries at different levels, and reconstitution of the intrahepatic arterialcirculation via collaterals. 2. Microangiography revealed avascular area in 5 cases. But in incompletely infactedare there showed tortuous hepatic arteries, decreased perfusion of sinusoid and microcolaterals through theinterlobular arteries, capsular arteries and peribiliary vascular plexus. In one case sparse peribiliary plexuswas observed. 3. Retrograde cholangiography revealed findings of cholangitis on involved segment. 4. The absoluteethanol was effective for achieving a permanent occlusion of intraheptaic arteries but caused damage on sinusoidand hepatic parenchyme, and on peribilary vasucular plexus resulting in sclerosing cholangitis. So in furtherclinical application, caution would be necessary to superselect the tumor supplying artery to avoid unnecessaryparenchymal damage.
Angiography ; Animals ; Arteries ; Cholangiography ; Cholangitis ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing ; Dogs ; Ethanol ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatic Artery ; Liver Function Tests ; Perfusion

Using KAIS 0.15 Telsla resistive magnetic imaging system, ECG gated magnetic resonance (MR) image of variouscardiovascular disease was obtained in 10 patients. The findings of MR image of the cardiovascular disesase wereanlaysed and the results were as follows: 1. In 6 cases of acquired and congenital cardiac disease, there were 2cases of myocardial infarction, 1 case of mitral stenosis and 3 cases of corrected transpossition of greatvessels. The others were 3 cases of aortic disease and 1 case of pericardial effusion with lymphoma. 2. Myocardialthinning left ventricular aneurysm were detected in MR images of myocardial infarction. The left atrium was welldelineated and enlarged in the case of mitral stenosis. And segmental analysis was possible in the cases ofcorrected transposition since all cardiac structures were well delineated anatomically. 3. In aortic disease, thefindings of MR image were enlarged lumen, compressed cardic chambers in ascending aortic aneurysm, intimal flap,enhanced false lumen in dissecting aneurysm and irregular narrowing of aorta with arterial obstruction inTakayasu's arteritis. 4. Pericardial effusion revealed a conspicuous contrast with neighboring meidastinal fat andcardiac wall due to it low signal encircling cardiac wall. 5. ECG gated MR image is an accurate non-invasive imaging modality for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease and better results of its clinical application areexpected in the futher development in the imaging system and more clinical experiences.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; Aorta ; Aortic Aneurysm ; Aortic Diseases ; Arteritis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Atria ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Myocardial Infarction ; Pericardial Effusion

OBJECTIVES: SCC Ag(Squamous cell carcinoma antigen) is so far the most useful tumor marker in assisting clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer and follow-up after therapy. Elevated levels of cytokeratin 19-fragments(CYFRA 21-1) have recently been detected in large proportion of patients with non small cell cancer of the lung, and in particular those with squamous cell carcinoma. This study is to assess the clinical efficacy of CYFRA 21-1 with SCC Ag as the clinicopathologic parameter in cervical cancer. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of the serum tumor markers CYFRA 21-1 & SCC Ag in eighty cervical cancer patients was performed. RESULTS: Cut off values for SCC Ag & CYFRA 21-1 were 1.94 ng/ml, 3.11 ng/ml respectively. Using the cut-off point, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), and negative predictive value(NPV) of serum SCC were 55, 95, 97, 46%, respectively. Serum CYFRA 21-1 showed a sensitivity of 45%, specificity of 91%, PPV of 87%, and NPV of 55%. The combination of SCC and CYFRA 21-1 increased the sensitivity to 62%, with a specificity, PPV, and NPV of 72, 75, 58%. Serum levels of both markers were compared with tumor stage, lesion size and were significantly related. In FIGO stage Ib-IIa, the serum levels of SCC Ag & CYFRA were 2.2+/-3.9, 2.5+/-3.6 ng/ml and in FIGO stage IIb-IV, 12.2+/-15.2, 10.8+/-11.2 ng/ml. In < or =4cm of lesion size the serum levels of SCC Ag & CYFRA were 3.3+/-9.0, 4.5+/-7.6 ng/ml and in >4cm of lesion size, 11.8+/-11.9, 7.7+/-9.3 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: These data seems to show that serum CYFRA 21-1 may be of additional value in assessing the state of disease in some patients with cervical cancer. The prediction of recurrent cervical cancer with SCC Ag were improved by the combination with CYFRA 21-1 but further investigation is needed.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratins ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*