The hamate fracture is very rare condition. The mechanism of fracture may be attributed to direct trauma by rolling down. We have experienced a case of fracture of the body of the hamate bone. It was treated by conservative method. The result was satisfactory with conservative treatment without traumatic arthritis, nonunion, ulnar nerve palsy, flexor digitorum profundus tendinitis & limitation of motion. A case of fracture of the body of the hamate bone is reported with brief review of literature.
Arthritis ; Hamate Bone ; Methods ; Tendinopathy ; Ulnar Neuropathies

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition measured by the Osteosys Primus® and the GE Lunar Prodigy® and to calculate the conversion rate between the 2 devices. Methods: The 40 subjects were men and women in aged 20 to 29 years old. All participants were scanned twice on both the Osteosys Primus (OsteoSys) and the GE Lunar Prodigy (GE Healthcare) DXA systems using the manufacturers’ standard scanning and positioning protocols. Results: Compared to the GE Lunar device, the mean Osteosys fat mass was overestimated to be 12.1% (1,776.9 g) in the whole body, 5.1% (163.9 g) in gynoid, and 6.7% (87.2 g) in android. Compared with the GE Lunar device, the mean BMDs of the Osteosys Primus were underestimated to be 2.3% (0.023 g/cm2) in the whole body and 3.1% (0.035 g/cm2) in L1-4. Compared with the GE Lunar device, the mean lean mass derived by the Osteosys Primus were underestimated to 2.3% (1,045.3 g) in the total body, 3.8% (179.4 g) in arms, and 7.7% (1,104.8 g) in legs, respectively. There were a strong correlation of BMD and body composition between both groups. Conclusions Linear correction equations were developed to ensure comparability of BMD and muscle mass between the Osteosys Primus and the GE Lunar Prodigy. Importantly, use of equations from previous studies would have increased the discrepancy between the Osteosys Primus and the GE Lunar Prodigy.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition measured by the Osteosys Primus® and the GE Lunar Prodigy® and to calculate the conversion rate between the 2 devices. Methods: The 40 subjects were men and women in aged 20 to 29 years old. All participants were scanned twice on both the Osteosys Primus (OsteoSys) and the GE Lunar Prodigy (GE Healthcare) DXA systems using the manufacturers’ standard scanning and positioning protocols. Results: Compared to the GE Lunar device, the mean Osteosys fat mass was overestimated to be 12.1% (1,776.9 g) in the whole body, 5.1% (163.9 g) in gynoid, and 6.7% (87.2 g) in android. Compared with the GE Lunar device, the mean BMDs of the Osteosys Primus were underestimated to be 2.3% (0.023 g/cm2) in the whole body and 3.1% (0.035 g/cm2) in L1-4. Compared with the GE Lunar device, the mean lean mass derived by the Osteosys Primus were underestimated to 2.3% (1,045.3 g) in the total body, 3.8% (179.4 g) in arms, and 7.7% (1,104.8 g) in legs, respectively. There were a strong correlation of BMD and body composition between both groups. Conclusions Linear correction equations were developed to ensure comparability of BMD and muscle mass between the Osteosys Primus and the GE Lunar Prodigy. Importantly, use of equations from previous studies would have increased the discrepancy between the Osteosys Primus and the GE Lunar Prodigy.

PURPOSE: To explore the role of cell cycle regulators and apoptosis regulators in carcinogenesis of thyroid, the expression of cell cycle related proteins (cyclin D1, Ki-67) and apoptosis related proteins (survivin, caspase 3, bcl-2, p53) were investigated in follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma of thyroid. METHODS: The following formalin-fixed paraffin embedded surgical specimens were immunohistochemically stained by avidin-biotin complex method for cyclin D1, Ki-67, survivin, caspase 3, bcl-2, p53; 15 cases of follicular adenoma (FA), 31 cases of minimally invasive follicular carcinoma (MIFC) and 12 cases of widely invasive follicular carcinoma (WIFC). RESULTS: The overexpression of six gene products in follicular neoplasms of thyroid was noted in varying frequency. Among them, increased Ki-67, caspase 3 index and overexpression of bcl-2 were noted in statistically significant, widely invasive follicular carcinoma than that of follicular adenoma and minimally invasive follicular carcinoma. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the overexpression of Ki-67, caspase 3, bcl-2 appear to play an important role during follicular carcinogenesis of thyroid. In addition, the overexpression of these proteins is related to the differentiation of MIFC and WIFC. However, further molecular genetic studies are required to determine the interrelationships between the expression of cell cycle related proteins and apoptosis related proteins.
Adenoma ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Cycle ; Cyclin D1 ; Molecular Biology ; Paraffin ; Proteins ; Thyroid Gland

No abstract available.

Colitis Cystica Profunda(CCP) is an uncommon disease in Korea, and little knowledge exists about CCP, including knowledge about its incidence and prevalence. However, it may be speculated that the disease will be diagnosed more often due to advancement in diagnostic tool and growing interest. CCP is essentially the same disorder as Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome(SRUS), but it has been reported separately because of its external appearances such as broad shaped polyps or nodules. Both CCP and SRUS are called MPS. Of importance is that a submucosal-cyst-containing lesion needs to be differentiated from mucus- producing adenocarcinoma. This differentiation is obvious from the CCP histologic features, such as fibromuscular obliteration of lamina propria and submucosal cysts. In light of these facts, it is important to obtain a sufficient biopsy specimen to examine accurately. It is not uncommon for CCP to be accampanied by rectal prolapse or incomplete intussusception, so diagnostic approaches of these associated disorders should be done at the same time. The authors have recently experienced one case of CCP associated with rectal prolapse. The case was treated effectively and is reported in this paper along with a review of the literature on this subject.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Colitis* ; Incidence ; Intussusception ; Korea ; Mucous Membrane ; Polyps ; Prevalence ; Rectal Prolapse ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: Adrenalectomy is a very rare operation and its associated learning curve has not yet been studied. The objective of this study was to determine whether the operation time decreases with experience and to evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic adrenalectomy performed by a surgeon who is new to laparoscopic and open-surgical adrenalectomy. METHODS: This study is a retrospective analysis of laparoscopic adrenalectomies performed between April 2007 and September 2012. All surgeries were performed by a single young surgeon who had no experience in performance of open or laparoscopic adrenalectomy. All surgeries were performed using the transperitoneal approach. RESULTS: In total, 42 cases were included. The average tumor size was 4.7 cm. The mean operating time was 125 min. Mean duration of hospital stay was 8.7 days. None of the cases showed conversion to open surgery or perioperative mortality. The operator achieved mastery after performance of left laparoscopic adrenalectomy in 12 cases and right laparoscopic adrenalectomy in 11 cases. CONCLUSIONS: A new surgeon can perform laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy successfully, independently, and safely after having performed the surgery in 12 cases.
Adrenalectomy* ; Conversion to Open Surgery ; Learning Curve* ; Learning* ; Length of Stay ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of spiral CT in predicting the depth of tumor invasion in patients with gastric cancer by comparing with histopathological finding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied spiral CT scans of forty-eight patients, in whom gastric cancer was proven by gastrofibroscopic biopsy and surgery. After distending the stomach with 400ml tap water or effervescent granules, 100ml of contrast media was given intravenously at a rate of 3ml/sec. CT scanning was started at 45 sec after administration of the contrast material. Gastric tumors were subdivided into five types according to enhancing pattern from the inner layer of gastric wall to the outer layer. These pattern were correlated with histopathologic results. RESULT: The tumor masses were detected on CT scan in 10(77%) of 13 patients with early gastric cancer, while, the tumor masses were seen on CT scan in all patients with advanced gastric cancer. Of 9 patients with type 1 or type 2 enhancing pattern, early gastric cancer(T1) were proven in 7 patients(78%), serosal invasion (T3) in 2 patients(22%). In contrast, among 29 patients with type 4 and type 5, 22 patients(76%) were proven as serosal invasion(T3). Of 7 patients with type 3, 3 patients(43%) were proven as serosal invasion(T3), three(43%) as subserosal invasion(T2), one as early gastric cancer(T1). CONCLUSION: Analysis of morphological enhancing pattern on spiral CT is useful in predicting the depth of tumor invasion in patients with gastric cancer.
Biopsy ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Tomography, Spiral Computed* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Water

To evaluate the clinical significance of anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union(PBDU), we analysed 11 cases(0.19%) of anomalous PBDU among 5675 cases performed ERCP from Jan. 1973 to Aug. 1992. According to the classification of Kimura et al., 4 cases were type 1(P-C union) and 7 cases type 2(C-P union). The length of common channel ranged from 1.5 cm to 3.1 cm(mean 1.9 cm). The common associated disease were choledochal cyst(7 cases), carcinoma of the gallbladder(5 cases) and biliary stone(3 cases). Four cases of carcinoma of the gallbladder were type 1. The incidence of anomalous PBDU was significantly higher in cases with carcinoma of the gallbladder(5 cases among 49 cases) than in case without carcinoma of the gallbladder(6 cases among 5626 cases). And the incidence of gallbladder carcinoma(45%) among the 11 cases of anomalous PBDU was significantly higher than that(0.78%) among those who did not have anomalous PBDU. In conclusion, the common associated diseases with the anomalous PBDU were choledochal cyst, carcinoma of the gallbladder and stone, and the anomalous PBDU may be risk factor in the development of carcinoma of the gllbladder.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Choledochal Cyst ; Classification ; Gallbladder ; Incidence ; Risk Factors

Study of 22 cases with the pseudospondylolisthesis established that it occurred more frequently in the older women, and far more frequently at the L4 level, as same results as reported by others. The slipping occurred as a result of degenerative disease of the articular process and facet joint, but it never exceeded 25% in this series. This study was performed to recognize the stability of the lumbosacral joint by the measurement of the anterior and posterior vertical heights(deformity) of the body of the L5 vertebra and lumbosacral angles in our cases. We also attempted to observe whether the facet angle changes at the involved level was meaningful or not. Result : lumbosacral angles in the our patients with pseudospondylolisthesis were increased greater than normal, so lumbar lordosis was less than normal. The body of the L5 vertebra was not as wedged anteroposteriorly as it normally was. The contour of the body of the L5 vertebra resembled rectangle shape. The pedicle-facet angles were increased at involved level, but this measurement was not correctly demonstrated on the plain roentgenograms. Conclusion : The stability of the lumbosacral joint in the patients with pseudospondylolisthesis was increased due to rectangle shape of the body of the L5 vertebra and less lumbar lordosis. The pedicle-facet angles at the involved level were increased, but not correct diagnostic values.
Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Joints ; Lordosis ; Spine ; Zygapophyseal Joint