No abstract available.
Leg*

Fifty-seven cases of non-union examined and treated at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital during the period of 1968 to 1979 were observed and analysed. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Of the 57 cases,there were 43 male and 14 female patients. This result showed marked predominence of male over female patients. 2. Non-unions most commonly occured between 21 and 40 of age. 3. The causes of the fractures consisted of 22 traffic accidents, 20 fallings, 7 machinery injuries, 6 direct blows, and 2 chronic osteomyelitis. 4. Of the 57 cases, there were 20 open fractures and 37 closed fractures. 5. The sites of nonunion were lower extremities in 41 cases and upper extremities in 16 cases. The femur, 31 cases, was most commonly involved. 6. The mean duration from fracture to diagnosis of non-union was 14.8 months. 7. Prior to admission to this hospital, one received no treatment at all, 23 were treated conservatively, and the remaining 33 treated operatively. 8. Probable causes of the nonunions were unsatisfactory immobilization in 26 cases, operative complications in-24, infections in 3, interpositions of the soft tissues in 3, and separations of fragments in 1. 9. All patients received surgical operations, which were successful in 87.7%.
Accidents, Traffic ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Seoul ; Upper Extremity

The authors analyzed 28 cases with hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage, diagnosed by computerized tomography(CT), between 1987 and 1990, in Chonbuk National University Hospital. The authors assessed the relationship of outcome to the CT appearance of the quadrigeminal cistern, which in some cases was obliterated by rostral displacement of the vermis resulting from the cerebellar mass. Obliteration of the quadrigeminal cisterns was classified on the CT scans into three grades:Normal(Grade I), Compressed(Grade II), or Absent(Grade III). There were 7 cases with Grade I, 9 with Grade II, and 12 with Grade II cisterns. Of the 28 cases, 6(85%) of those with Grade I, 7(78%) of those with Grade II, and none of those with Grade III cisterns respectively returned to their previous activities at 6 months or more after onset. A Grade I cisterns predicted a good outcome whether the hematoma was evacuated or not, as long as obstructive hydrocephalus, if present, was relieved early. However, a Grade II cistern was not predictive of a good outcome unless the hematoma was evacuated within 48 hours after onset of the hemorrhage. A Grade III cisterns predicted an unfavorable outcome. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the CT grade of quadrigeminal cistern obliteration may be an indicator of outcome and may be useful in selecting treatment for patients with cerebellar hemorrhage.
Hematoma ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Jeollabuk-do ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The authors analyzed 28 cases with hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage, diagnosed by computerized tomography(CT), between 1987 and 1990, in Chonbuk National University Hospital. The authors assessed the relationship of outcome to the CT appearance of the quadrigeminal cistern, which in some cases was obliterated by rostral displacement of the vermis resulting from the cerebellar mass. Obliteration of the quadrigeminal cisterns was classified on the CT scans into three grades:Normal(Grade I), Compressed(Grade II), or Absent(Grade III). There were 7 cases with Grade I, 9 with Grade II, and 12 with Grade II cisterns. Of the 28 cases, 6(85%) of those with Grade I, 7(78%) of those with Grade II, and none of those with Grade III cisterns respectively returned to their previous activities at 6 months or more after onset. A Grade I cisterns predicted a good outcome whether the hematoma was evacuated or not, as long as obstructive hydrocephalus, if present, was relieved early. However, a Grade II cistern was not predictive of a good outcome unless the hematoma was evacuated within 48 hours after onset of the hemorrhage. A Grade III cisterns predicted an unfavorable outcome. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the CT grade of quadrigeminal cistern obliteration may be an indicator of outcome and may be useful in selecting treatment for patients with cerebellar hemorrhage.
Hematoma ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Jeollabuk-do ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To determine the effect of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on the left ventricular diastolic filling in patients with coronary artery disease, diastolic filling was serially examined before, early(within 2 days) and late(5~15 days) after PTCA using pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 14 patients(12 unstable angina; 2 stable angina). The Control group was consisted of 20 normal persons with similar age and sex distribution. The left anterior descending artery was dilated in 10 patients, the right coronary artery in 3 patients, and the circumflex artery in 1 patient. Peak velocity of early diastolic rapid inflow(E), peak velocity of late diastolic inflow (A), A/E ratio, and deceleration time of E wave were measured by pulsed Doppler echocar diography. 1) LVangiogram was performed in 10 patients, and showed normal wall motion in 7 cases and regional hypokinesia in 3 cases. Delta area decreasing rate was 59+/-10%, and LVEDP was 11+/-4 mmHg. 2) A/E ratio was greater in patient group(1.00+/-0.28) than in normal control (0.64+/-0.10) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in A and E values between two groups. 3) A/E ratio decreased significantly from 1.00+/-0.28(pre-PTCA) to 0.85+/-0.24 (late post-PTCA) (p<0.01), but there was no significant change at early post-PTCA(0.94+/-0.32). Deceleration time also decreased significantly from 213+/-56 msec(pre-PTCA) to 177+/-34 msec (late post-PTCA) (p<0.05), but there was no significant change at early post-PTCA (199+/-34 msec). In conclusion, there was impairment of left ventricular diastolic filling in patients with coronary artery disease which gradually improved after PTCA, and this result probably is related to post-ischemic "stunned" myocardium.
Angina, Unstable ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Arteries ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Deceleration ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed* ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Myocardium ; Sex Distribution

Perforation of the interventricular septum complicating acute myocardial infarction is uncommon. The condition was first described anatomically by Latham in 1845 and the first antemortem diagnosis was made by Brunn in 1923. In both cases, bedside catheterization utilizing a flow directed catheter detected a step up of O2 saturation at the ventricular level, compatible with ventricular septal defect, and two dimensional echocardiogram allowed direct visualization and localization of the postmyocardial infarction VSD. Finally cineventriculogram confirmed them.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Infarction* ; Myocardial Infarction

Procedures for treatment of molar furcation invasion defects range from open flap debridement, apically repositioned flap surgery, hemisection, tunneling or extraction, to regenerative therapies using bone grafting or guided tissue regenerative therapy, or a combination of both. Several clinical evaluations using regenerative techniques have reported the potential for osseous repair of treated furcation invasions. Regenerative treatment of maxillary molars are more difficult due to the multiple root anatomy and multiple furcation entrances therefore, purpose of this study was to evaluated histologically compomer and Ketac Silver as a barrier in the treatment of a bi-furcated maxillary premolar. Five adult beagle dogs were used in this experiment. With intrasulcular and crestal incision, mucoperiosteal flap was elevated. Following decortication with 1/2 high speed round bur, furcation defect was made on maxillary premolar. 2 month later one premolar was filled with compomer and the other premolar was filled with Ketac Silver. After 4, 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed by vascular perfusion. Tissue block was excised including the tooth and prepared for light microscope with H-E staining. Results were as follows. 1. Compomer & Ketac Silver restoration were encapsulated fine connective tissue. 2. In 4 weeks, compomer & Ketac Silver restoration slightly infiltrated inflammatory cells but not disturb the new bone or new cementum formation. 3. In 8 weeks, compomer & Ketac Silver restoration were less infiltrated inflammatory cell and encapsulated fine connective tissue. 4. Therefore, compomer & Ketac Silver filling to the grade III maxillary furcations with multiple root anatomy and multiple furcation entrances is possible clinical method and this technique is useful method for maxillary furcation involvement but it is thought that periodic maintenace should be needed
Adult ; Animals ; Bicuspid ; Bone Transplantation ; Cermet Cements* ; Connective Tissue ; Debridement ; Dental Cementum ; Dogs* ; Furcation Defects ; Humans ; Molar ; Perfusion ; Tooth

Background. Ultimate goal for the treatment of the deformities in the lower extremities is to minimize the energy requirement and conserve the energy on walking and daily living. The normal energy saving mechanism is usually broken down in the patients with the deformities in the lower extremity, and they need more energy consumption. This is the reason why they feel fatigue frequently. It is well known that the deformity in the lower extremity cause excessive energy consumption. Objectives. There is no report that compared the energy consumption according to the deformities of the lower extremity. When we decide the priority of the treatment in cases of multiple deformities, it will be important to understand the energy demand according to each deformity. Therefore, it is the purpose of this study that assess the energy consumption according to the various types of lower extremity deformities. Method. We induced the multiple deformities in ten normal adults with the brace artificially. The induced deformities are as follows: Equinus deformity; mild (10degrees), moderate (20degrees), severe (30degrees), Knee flexion deformity; mild (10degrees), moderate (20degrees), severe (30degrees), Hip flexion deformity; mild (10degrees), moderate (20degrees), severe (30degrees). For the control group, same braces were applied without any deformity. Oxygen consumption was measured for the energy consumption with the Oxygen Consumption Meter (Morgan Oxylog II, Morgan Ltd. England). Heart rate was checked with the Telemonitor (Dynascope, Fukuda Ltd, Japan). We evaluated the inspired volume, oxygen rate, oxygen cost, and heart rate in each group and compared the data among the groups. Result. Energy consumption was higher in the hip deformity group, in the knee deformity group, and in the ankle deformity group in that order. Conclusion. When there are concomitant deformities in hip, knee and ankle, the priority of treatment may be hip, knee and ankle, in that order in terms of energy consumption.
Adult ; Ankle ; Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Equinus Deformity ; Fatigue ; Heart Rate ; Hip ; Humans ; Joints* ; Knee ; Lower Extremity* ; Oxygen ; Oxygen Consumption ; Walking

Golf is low demanded activity and becoming more popular. But it often occur problems in back, shoulder, elbow and wrist. Golf injuries in professional golfer are related overuse and frequency, while in amateur are related wrong swing technique. Also muscle activities in swing are different between professional and amateur. We report partial tear of pronator teres in middle aged amateur golfer with literatures.
Elbow ; Golf ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscles ; Shoulder ; Wrist

Background: Smartphone use patterns may predict daily life efficacy and performance improvements in sports. Additionally, personal characteristics may be associated with smartphone overuse. Methods: We investigated the correlation between the temperament and character inventory (TCI) and academic performance using smartphone log data. We hypothesized that the elite and general groups, divided based on academic performance, differed according to the TCI and downloadable smartphone apps (applications). Additionally, we hypothesized a correlation between smartphone app usage patterns and TCI. A total of 151 students provided smartphone log data of the previous four weeks. They also completed the TCI and provided academic records of the previous year. Results: The first and second most frequently used apps by both groups of students were social networking and entertainment, respectively. Elite students scored higher on novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness, and self-transcendence than general students. In all participants, the usage time of serious apps was correlated with the scores for novelty seeking (r = 0.32, P < 0.007), reward dependence (r = 0.32, P < 0.007), and self-transcendence (r = 0.35, P < 0.006). In the elite group, the usage time of serious apps was correlated with the scores for novelty seeking (r = 0.45, P < 0.001), reward dependence (r = 0.39, P = 0.022), and self-transcendence (r = 0.35, P = 0.031). In the general group, the usage time of serious apps was correlated only with self-transcendence (r = 0.32, P < 0.007). Conclusion High usage time of serious apps can help sports majors to excel academically. Particularly among sports majors, serious apps are related to activity, the desire for rewards and recognition, and the tendency to transcend themselves.