1.Morphological evidence of mitotic activity of mammotrophs and somatotrophs in monolayer cultured rat anterior pituitaries.
Eun Young LEE ; Byung Lan LEE ; Chung Ik CHA ; Sa Sun CHO ; Sang Ho BAIK
Korean Journal of Anatomy 1993;26(1):3-16
No abstract available.
Animals
;
Rats*
;
Somatotrophs*
2.A Radiological Study of Normal Wrist in Korean People
Seung Ik CHA ; Moon Sang CHUNG ; Se Il SUK ; Sang Cheol SEONG ; In Joon KIM
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1987;22(6):1427-1436
The carpal injury is difficult to diagnose due to anatomical complexity and the like. So, in order to get radiological knowledge of normal wrist, the authors measured the values which will be described on the wrist PA and lateral roengenogram obtained from 440 normal wrists(male : 188 cases, female : 252 cases) in randomly selected patients. The following results were obtained. l. Ulnar variance(mm±standard deviation): Total 1.1±1.2 : negative variance : 9.3%, positive variance : 56.1%, 2. Scapholunate Gap(mm±standard deviation): Total 0.4±0.7, 3. Ulnar Tilt(degrees±standard deviation): Total 23.6±5.3, 4. Volar Tilt, 5. Carpal height rstio : Total 0.52±0.05 male 0.53±0.04 female 0.51±0.05 : Total 13.1±5.9, 6. Carpal ulnsr distance ratio Total 0.05±0.05, 7. Scapholunate Angle : Total 49.9'±10.1', 8. Capitatolunate Angle Total 17.5'±10.0', 9. Radiolunate Angle Total 8.8'±6.7', 10. Carpal width ratio Total 0.72±0.08 11. Carpal thickness ratio Total 0.49±0.07.
Female
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Humans
;
Male
;
Wrist
3.Immunohistochemical Study on the Asymmetrical Distribution of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Immunoreactive Neurons in the Rat Hippocampal Formation: Relationships among sex, handedness, gonadal steroids and iv gene.
Young Il LEE ; Yoon Hee CHUNG ; Sang Ho BAIK ; Choong Ik CHA
Korean Journal of Anatomy 1998;31(2):309-317
Asymmetrical distribution of the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocam-pal formation of rat nd iv/iv mouse was detected by the immunocytochemical method. The animals were divided into 3 groups and group I was subdivided into 4 groups according to sex and handedness determined by the paw-preference test : group I (male right-handedness (MR), male left-handedness (ML), female right-handedness (FR), female left-handedness (FL)), group II (female rats ovariectomized in neonatal period), group III (iv/iv mouse, situs solitus & inversus). The number of VIP-immunoreactive neurons were counted under the light microscope and the following results were obtained. 1. In MR of group I, the area containing the higher density of VIP neurons in the left hippocampal formation than the right were the CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus and subiculum. In ML, the area containing the higher density of VIP neurons in the left cortex were the level 2 of dentate gyrus, and the area exhibiting higher density in the right cortex were level 1, 3 of dentate gyrus. 2. The asymmetrical distributional pattern of VIP in ovariectomized rat (group II) was similar to male subgroups in group I. 3. In group III, there was no asymmetrical distribution of VIP-immunoreactive neurons. Above results show that asymmetrical distribution of VIP neurons are prominent in the right handedness or male groups, and the sexually dimorphic pattern of VIP is related directly or indirectly to gonadal steroids, but there seems to be no relationship between iv gene and asymmetrical distribution of VIP neurons in cerebral cortex.
Animals
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Cerebral Cortex
;
Dentate Gyrus
;
Female
;
Functional Laterality*
;
Gonads*
;
Hippocampus*
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Male
;
Mice
;
Neurons*
;
Ovariectomy
;
Rats*
;
Steroids*
;
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide*
4.Quantitation of human cytomegalovirus by dot-blot immunoassay.
Eung Soo HWANG ; Soon Mee PARK ; Chung Gyu PARK ; Yoon Hoh KOOK ; Ik Sang KIM ; Sung Bae CHOI ; Woo Hyun CHANG ; Chang Yong CHA
Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology 1992;27(3):289-296
No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus*
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Humans*
;
Immunoassay*
5.Immunohistochemical Study on the Distribution of Glycogen Synthase Kinase (GSK) 3beta in the Central Nervous System of SOD1G93A Transgenic Mice.
Kyeung Min JOO ; Yoon Hee CHUNG ; Sung Su KIM ; Kyung Yong KIM ; Won Bok LEE ; Choong Ik CHA
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 2007;20(4):355-362
In the present study, we investigated influences of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3beta on the development and/or progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We used transgenic mice expressing a human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase mutant (SOD1G93A) as an in vivo model of ALS and examined expressional changes of GSK3beta immunohistochemically in the spinal cord, brain stem and cerebellum. With these experiments we demonstrate that the neurons in these regions of symptomatic SOD1G93A transgenic mice showed increased GSK3beta immunoreactivities compared with wild-type SOD1 transgenic mice. In contrast to symptomatic SOD1G93A transgenic mice, few GSK3beta immunoreactivity changes were detected in 8w- and 13w-old presymptomatic SOD1G93A transgenic mice. These data suggest the possibility that GSK3 functions as a modulating factor of apoptosis-related alterations in ALS and that GSK3beta exert differential functions in the development and/or progression of ALS. But the exact functional significances of these changes require further elucidation.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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Animals
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Brain Stem
;
Central Nervous System*
;
Cerebellum
;
Glycogen Synthase Kinases*
;
Glycogen Synthase*
;
Glycogen*
;
Humans
;
Mice
;
Mice, Transgenic*
;
Neurons
;
Spinal Cord
;
Superoxide Dismutase
6.Emphysematous Cystitis Complicated with Diabetic Nephropathy.
Chang Seok CHA ; Ho Kyung SEO ; Seong Ik BANG ; Jeong Zoo LEE ; Moon Kee CHUNG
Korean Journal of Urology 2002;43(6):531-534
Emphysematous cystitis is an uncommon condition in which pockets of gas are formed in and around the bladder wall by gas-forming organisms. Patients with diabetes, neurogenic bladder and chronic urinary infection are predisposed to the disease. Severity of illness ranges from an asymptomatic condition to life-threatening cystitis. Successful management depends on early diagnosis with correction of underlying causes, administration of appropriate antibiotics, establishment of adequate bladder drainage and surgical excision of involved tissue when required. Early detection and prompt treatment are encouraged. We report one case of emphysematous cystitis complicated with diabetic nephropathy in a 68-year-old woman.
Aged
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
;
Asymptomatic Diseases
;
Cystitis*
;
Diabetic Nephropathies*
;
Drainage
;
Early Diagnosis
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Female
;
Humans
;
Urinary Bladder
;
Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic
7.The Early Outcomes of Extraperitoneal Radical Cystectomy.
Hyun Cheol PARK ; Jong Kil NAM ; Tae Nam KIM ; Seong Ik BANG ; Chang Seok CHA ; Moon Kee CHUNG
Korean Journal of Urology 2004;45(9):890-896
PURPOSE: Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is an effective therapeutic modality in invasive bladder cancer. The development of another technique for a radical cystectomy for the early recovery and reduction of complications was attempted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 1997 and June 2003, an extraperitoneal radical cystectomy was attempted in 18 patients with invasive bladder cancer (pT1-pT4). Not only standard or extended pelvic lymphadenectomy, but also re-positioning of the ureter to the opposite side, could be performed extraperitoneally. An intestinal segment could be taken out through a small window within the peritoneum and manipulated as desired. The clinical safety and complications of other surgical approaches for radical cystectomy were also investigated. RESULTS: The procedure was successful in 15 of the 18 patients (4 studer pouches, 3 ileal conduits and 8 ureterocutaneostomies). Failure to peel out the peritoneum occurred in 3 cases, 1 each due to technical difficulties, tumor invasion at the bladder dome and adhesion due to a previous radical prostatectomy. Complications occurred in 8 cases (53.1%). The intestinal obstruction progressed in 1 case (12.5%) due to a high positioned mesentery of the Studer pouch. There were no significant gastrointestinal complications in any of the 8 patients that underwent the extraperitoneal radical cystectomy with ureterocutaneostomy. CONCLUSIONS: An extraperitoneal radical cystectomy seems to reduce the gastrointestinal complications and be worthwhile in certain cases with advanced bladder cancer. Despite the visual limitation, it is an acceptable surgical technique compared to the conventional transperitoneal methods.
Cystectomy*
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Humans
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Intestinal Obstruction
;
Lymph Node Excision
;
Mesentery
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Peritoneum
;
Prostatectomy
;
Ureter
;
Urinary Bladder
;
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
;
Urinary Diversion
8.Transvenous Coil Embolization of Traumatic Carotid-Cavernous Fistula Associated with a Persistent Primitive Trigeminal Artery.
Hyuk Min KWON ; In Bo HAN ; Jae Whan LEE ; Jung Yong AHN ; Sang Hyun SUH ; Dong Ik KIM ; Sang Sup CHUNG
Korean Journal of Cerebrovascular Surgery 2006;8(1):66-69
A 45-year-old male presented with left pulsatile tinnitus and left conjunctival chemosis after blunt head trauma. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a left carotid-cavernous sinus fistula associated with a persistent primitive trigeminal artery. The fistula was packed with detachable coils through the transvenous approach and was successfully occluded without complication, while preserving the patency of the persistent primitive trigeminal artery. The patient's symptoms resolved soon after treatment. Persistent primitive trigeminal artery can be associated with a traumatic cavernous sinus fistula and transvenous coil embolization can be a safe and effective method to immediately occlude the fistula.
Arteries*
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Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula
;
Cavernous Sinus
;
Cerebral Angiography
;
Craniocerebral Trauma
;
Embolization, Therapeutic*
;
Fistula*
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Tinnitus
9.The Determination of Optimal Intramuscular Injection Time of Midazolam as a Premedication Agent for Minimizing Decrease of Serum Potassium.
Byung Seop SHIN ; Chung Soo KIM ; Sang Min LEE ; Ik Soo CHUNG ; Tae Soo HAHM ; Sang Hyun CHA ; Hyun Sung CHO
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2006;50(1):15-19
BACKGROUND: Pre-operative anxiety is known to cause an increase in plasma catecholamine levels, which, in turn, attributes to the decrease in serum K+ concentration. Midazolam is one of the most commonly used premedication agent for the purpose of anxiolysis in the pre-operative period. In this study, by measuring serum K+ concentration, we investigated the optimal intramuscular injection time for midazolam which maximally prevents the reduction of serum K+ concentration. METHODS: One hundred twenty three patients undergoing breast surgery were randomly assigned to one of 5 groups. Control group (n = 24) had no premedication. 30-minute group (n = 30), 60-minute group (n = 25), 90-minute group (n = 22) and 120-minute group (n = 22) received IM injection of midazolam (0.05 mg/kg) at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes before induction of anesthesia, respectively. Anxiety level, serum K+ concentrations, blood pressures and heart rates of all patients were measured at 7:00pm of the day before surgery and immediately before induction of anesthesia. RESULTS: Serum K+ concentrations of all groups showed significant decrease in the preinduction time compared with those values at 7:00 pm of the day before surgery. There were no significant changes of heart rates in all groups. Blood pressures immediately before induction of anesthesia elevated compared with those at 7"00 pm of the day before surgery in all groups. Immediately before induction of anesthesia, the K+ levels of 60-minute and 90-minute groups were higher than those of the control group. At this time, the rates of hypokalemia (K+ <3.5 mEq/L) of 60-minute and 90-minute groups were lower than those of the control group. 30-minute and 60-minute groups had significantly lower anxiety levels than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: When we consider anxiety and serum potassium levels, the optimal intramusculr injecting time of midazolam was 60 minutes before induction of anesthesia.
Anesthesia
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Anxiety
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Breast
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Heart Rate
;
Humans
;
Hypokalemia
;
Injections, Intramuscular*
;
Midazolam*
;
Plasma
;
Potassium*
;
Premedication*
10.Immunohistochemical studies on the distribution of microcirculation-controlling factors in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal formation of the aged rat.
Yoon Hee CHUNG ; Chung Min SHIN ; Myeung Ju KIM ; Kyeong Han PARK ; Choong Ik CHA
Korean Journal of Anatomy 2000;33(4):407-422
Recent studies have explored certain changes of neurons containing neuropeptides that are involved in the cerebral microcirculation with aging. However, the degree of loss of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)- and neuropeptide Y (NPY)-containing neurons in the aged CNS has not yet been established with certainty. Nitric oxide (NO) from the neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) appears to play the principal role in the cerebral flow response to functional activation. Several findings suggest that NO production may be decreased in the aged rat. Therefore, changes with aging of VIP-, NPY- and NOS-containing neurons were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in this study. A major loss of VIP-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the aged rat brain was observed in the frontal cortex area 3, parietal cortex area 1, hindlimb area, temporal cortex area 1 & 2, monocular part of occipital cortex area 1, occipital cortex area 2, and retrosplenial cortex. The axis of VIP neurons in the aged group showed an irregular orientation tendency, especially in layers II and III. Major loss of NPY-IR neurons in the aged rat brain were observed in the retrosplenial cortex, frontal cortex areas 1 and 2, parietal cortex areas 1 and 2, occipital cortex areas 1 and 2, the temporal cortex, hippocampus proper and cingulate cortex. Loss of NPY-IR neurons was observed mostly in layers V and VI. The number of NOS-IR cells was significantly decreased in the aged rat, but the extent of changes was variable in each area.Morphologically, the number of dendritic branches seemed to be decreased in the aged group and the length of dendrites of VIP-, NPY- and NOS-IR neurons showed a tendency to shorten. These results indicate the involvement of VIP-, NPY- and NOS-IR neurons in the aging process in relation to the increased incidence to cerebrovascular disorders in the elderly, and provide the first morphological evidence for the loss of VIP-, NPY- and NOS-IR neurons in each area of cerebral cortex and the hippocampus of the aged rat by immunohistochemistry.
Aged
;
Aging
;
Animals
;
Axis, Cervical Vertebra
;
Brain
;
Cerebral Cortex*
;
Cerebrovascular Disorders
;
Dendrites
;
Gyrus Cinguli
;
Hindlimb
;
Hippocampus*
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Incidence
;
Microcirculation
;
Neurons
;
Neuropeptide Y
;
Neuropeptides
;
Nitric Oxide
;
Nitric Oxide Synthase
;
Rabeprazole
;
Rats*
;
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide