No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Nursing Homes* ; Nursing*

No abstract availble.

No abstract available.

Sixteen patients with prostatodynia underwent clinical studies including urodynamic study, MMPI, and endoscopy. As a control group, another 19 patients with nonbacterial prostatitis and 16 normal man of 20-40 years of age also underwent urodynamic study. The most characteristic urodynamic findings in patients with prostatodynia was a significant increase in maximum urethral closing pressure as compared to control group (mean, 140.9 : 92.1 : 84.1 cmH20). In prostatodynia group, peak urinary flow rate was also significantly decreased as compared to the control group (mean, 12.0: 17.8 : 23.9cc / sec). 11 of 16 patients with prostatodynia was found to have functional outlet obstruction, probably at sympathetically innervated urethral sphincter. And they were treated with minipress and diazepam, of whom 7 showed significant improvement both symptomatically and urodynamically. On MMPI 7patients with prostatodynia showed significant underlying psychiatric disorders, and were treated by psychiatric treatment, of whom 4 showed significant clinical improvement. 2 patients with prostatodynia showed vermontanal pseudopolyp suggestive of prostatitis, were treated with long term TMF-SMX administration, and showed significant improvement. It is suggested that prostatodynia may develop from urethral sphincter overactivity and underlying psychiatric disorders, and that at least some cases with prostatodynia are in fact prostatitis. Uroflowmetry, urethral pressure profile, MMPI study and repeated EPS study may be of help in deciding the treatment plan of prostatodynia.
Diazepam ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; MMPI ; Prazosin ; Prostatitis ; Urethra ; Urodynamics*

No abstract available.

The computed tomography (CT) number is closely related to hematocrit level according to many of the previous reports. We measured the CT number in various organs, such as the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, occipital white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, liver, abdominal aorta, spleen, kidney, and psoas muscle. We correlated the CT numbers of the organs with hematocrit levels which were graded into 10% increments (20.0-29.9%, 30.0-39.9%, 40.0-49.9%). Thus the change of CT numbers in various organs according to the hematocrit level was analyzed. The increased CT numbers according to the 10% increment of hematocrit in the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, occipital white matter, liver, abdominal aorta, spleen, and psoas muscle were 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 3.3, 5.3, 3.8, 2.4 respectively. Even though the CT numbers of the cerebrospinal fluid and kidney were not influenced by hematocrit level the CT numbers in most of the there organs postitively correlated with hematocrit level. Therefore, it was concluded that in the differential diagnosis using CT numbers, the hematocrit level of patient must be taken into consideration.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Basal Ganglia ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hematocrit* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Psoas Muscles ; Spleen ; White Matter

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness for vagal stimulation by ice water aplication to face during metronome-controlled respiration of 15 breaths/minute was examed. The importance of basal vagal tone and sympathovagal interaction in the individual variability of responsiveness to the vagal stimulation was investigated. METHOD: Fifty three 12~13 year old healthy volunteers were included. Vagal tone and sympathovagal interaction before and after application of ice water to the face were assessed by power spectral analysis of RR interval(heart rate) variability. RESULT: Basal heart rate, high frequency power, and low to high frequency power ratio were 81+/-13(58~110 beats/min), 791+/-1061(56~4161 msec2) and 1.08+/-1.22(0.04~4.85) during controlled respiration. After ice water application twenty three children developed 5 more nodal escape beats due to severe bradycardia. Minimum heart rate, high frequency power and low to high power ratio changed to 42+/-12(19~72/min), 1890+/-1882(221~7258msec2) and 0.64+/-0.43(0.12~1.46). The increased ratio of high frequency power, maximum heart rate decrement and its percent after stimulation were 5.44+/-5.62(0.63~24.26), 39+/-14(10~81/min) and 47+/-15(16~81%) respectively. The increased ratio of high frequency power was correlated with basal logarithmic high frequency power(r=-0.60, p=0.0004). Maximum heart rate decrement was correlated with basal logarithmic high frequency power(r=-0.41, p=0.0018) and low to high frequency power ratio(r=0.27, p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Application of ice water to the face during controlled respiration produces powerful vagal stimulation and bradycardia, however, there is a wide individual variability of responsiveness to it. The absolute basal vagal tone contribute to this individual variability.
Bradycardia ; Child ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Ice* ; Respiration* ; United Nations ; Water*

Retinal toxicity secondary to intravitreal injection of gentamicin for the purpose of prophylaxis or treatment of endophthalmitis was reported infrequently and it was thought to be caused by an error in the intravitreal injection technique or by faulty dilution of gentamicin. After vitrecotomy, we experienced two cases of ischemic retinopathy secondary to intravitreal injection of gentamicin for prevention of endopthalmitist.
Endophthalmitis ; Gentamicins* ; Intravitreal Injections ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy*

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon that is confined to the mucosa and submucosa. The diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, endoscopic, and histological characteristics, as no single finding is diagnostic for UC. The most important symptoms of UC are rectal bleeding, urgency, and diarrhea. The typical endoscopic feature of UC is continuous, circumferential, and symmetric colonic involvement. The inflammation involves the rectum and may extend proximally. The mucosal biopsy shows crypt architecture distortion, mixed inflammatory cell infiltration in the lamina propria, increased plasma cells near the crypt bases, and basal lymphoid aggregates. In addition, many diseases, such as infectious causes, should be excluded from the differential diagnosis. Finally, an evaluation of the extent and severity of UC is important in determining how to treat patients.
Biopsy ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mucous Membrane ; Plasma Cells ; Rectum ; Ulcer

We have applied the intraoperative use of Perfluorophenanthrene (C14F24) liquid in 19 eyes of complicated retinal detachment surgery in 19 patients since November 1990 to October 1991. The vast majority of case of retinal detachment was trauma (9 eyes) and uveitis including pars planitis (6 eyes) remainders were juvenile retinoschisis, cataract surgery, myopIa, diabetes one eye each. The grade-D of proliferative change was found in 9 eyes (D1 3 eyes, D2 3 eyes, D3 3 eyes) and 8 eyes belong to over grade-C2 (C2 4 eyes, C3 4 eyes). Multiple anterior retinal tears were found in two. Giant retinal tear was noticed in 5 eyes and the other one was made on therapeutic purpose. Intraoperative reattachment was obtained in all eyes. The follow-up periods were 6 or more (mean 9.1) months. At last follow-up, the retina was attached in 12 eyes (63%), partially attached in 2 (10%) and redetached in 5 (26%). Visual acuity was improved or same in 12 eyes (63%), became worse in 7(37%). Visual acuity of 0.02 or better was obtained in 12(63%) eyes and 3(16%) saw 0.1 or better. Perfluorophenanthrene liquid was thought as non-toxic, heavy biomaterial and effective to treat the complicated retinal detachments.
Cataract ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myopia ; Pars Planitis ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retinoschisis ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy