Purpose of this study is to find out proper means of estimating the urinary mercury excretion the normal individuals. Whole void volume was collected every 2 hours beginning from 6 o'clock in the morning until 6 o'clock next morning. Mercury excretion in each urine specimen was measured by NIOSH recommended dithizone colorimetric method (Method No. : P & CAM 145). Urinary concentration of mercury was adjusted by two means : specific gravity of 1.024 and a gram of creatinine excretion per liter of urine comparing the data with the unadjusted ones. Mercury excretion in 24-hour urine specimen was calculated by adding the amounts measured with the hourly collected specimens of each individual. Statistical analysis of the urinary mercury excretion revealed the following results : 1. Frequency distribution curve of mercury excreted in urine of hourly specimens was best fitted to power function expressed in the form of y=ax(b), Adjustment of the urinary mercury concentration by creatinine excretion was shown to be superior (y=1674x(-1.52)), r(2)=0.95) over nonadjustment(y=2702x(-1.57)), r(2)=0.92) and adjustment by specific gravity of 1.024(y=4535x(-1.66), r(2)=0.93). 2. Both log-transformed mercury excretion in hourly voided specimens and mercury excretion itself in 24 hour specimens showed the normal distributions. 3. The frequency distribution of mercury adjusting the urinary concentration of mercury by creatinine excretion was best fitted to a theoretical normal distribution with the sample means and excretion was best fitted to a theoretical normal distribution with the sample means and standard deviation than those unadjusted or adjusted with specific gravity of 1,024. 4. Average urinary mercury excretions in 24-hour urine specimen in an individual were as follows : a) Unadjusted urinary mercury excretions. mean and standard deviation :18.6+/-13.68 microgramHg/liter. median : 16.0 microgramHg/liter. range : 0.0-55.10 microgramHg/liter. b) Adjusted with specific gravity. mean : 20.7+/-11.76 microgramHg/liter x 0.024/(S.G.-1.000). median : 20.7 microgramHg/liter x 0.024/(S.G.-1.000). range : 0.0-52.9 microgramHg/liter x 0.024/(S.G.-1.000). c) Adjuested with creatinine excretion. mean and standard deviation : 10.5+/-6.98 microgramHg/g creatinine/liter. median : 9.4 microgramHg/g creatinine/liter. range : 0.0-26.7 microgramHg/g creatinine/liter. 5. No statistically significant differences were found between means calculated from 24-hour urine specimens and those from hourly specimens transformed into logarithmic values. (P<0.05).
Creatinine ; Dithizone ; Gravitation ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Specific Gravity

No abstract available.
Busan* ; Cytogenetics*

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis*

No abstract available.
Enterococcus*

No abstract available.
Mastocytoma* ; RNA, Antisense*

An aberrant right subclavian artery, the most common congenital anomaly of the aortc arch, is rarely symptomatic during the infancy, if an anomalous origin of a right common carotid artery is also associateda varient of innomiate artery compression syndrome. We experienced a case of an aberrent right subclavian artery associated with an anomalous origin of the right common carotid artery in a female newborn, who showed severe respiratory distress soon after birth. The diagnosis was confirmed by aortogram and operative findings. the ligature and section of the aberrent right subclavian artery resulted in improvement of respiratory distress. A brief review of the related literature is also presented.
Arteries ; Brachiocephalic Trunk* ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Ligation ; Parturition ; Subclavian Artery*

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing person-centered care competence in nursing students. Methods: The study was conducted in two universities located in the D and J cities of South Korea. Participants were 130 senior nursing students who had experienced clinical practice for at least 3 months. Data were collected from September 7-10, 2019, using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using a hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results: The Factor influencing person-centered care competence was compassion competence (β=.49, p<.001) and the explanatory power of this variable was 30% (F=10.98, p<.001). Conclusion According to the results of this study, nursing faculties need to develop programs and learning content to enhance learners’ compassion competence for promotion of person-centered care competence.

Hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive hereditary bleeding disorder occurring only in the male and transmitted by the female. This disease is characterized by a bleeding tendency due to prolonged coagulation time causing by deficiency of one of three plasma factors, such as anti-hemophilie globulin(A. H. G.), plasma thromboplastin component(P. T. C.) and plasma thromboplastin antecedent (P. T. A.) for first phase of coagulation process. The majority of hemophilia, 74% is due to a deficiency of A. H. G., 15% to a deficiency of P. T. C. and remaining 11% to a deficiency of P. T. A. as outlined in the literature. This case, 18 years old male, is complained of repeated hemorrhagic manifestations, residual deformity with stiffness of the hip and knee joints, and limping following minor trauma has developed since early childhood. Radiologically, the hip and knee joints were involved, showing the findings of typical hemophilic arthropathy. Laboratory finding showed markedly prolonged coagulation time. Diagnosis was confirmed to be plasma thromboplastin antecedent deficiency homophilia.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Factor XI ; Factor XI Deficiency ; Female ; Hemophilia A ; Hemorrhage ; Hip ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Plasma ; Thromboplastin

Spondylolisthesis is characterized by forward displacement of the vertebral body with bilateral defects of the partes interarticulares. Because the progression of slipping occurs in young adults, difficult problems are present in the treatment of this condition. Watkins(1953) described the technique of posterolateral fusion between transverse processes, which was accepted in the dynamics of spine motion. In this procedure, grafted bone is placed close to the center of axis of the spine motion and so, bony fusion is not affected by flexion motion but distracted by a Iateral shearing force. The role played by the Norton-Brown back brace is in the restriction of lateral bending. However it pormits somewhat flexion motion of the spine. It is suggested that early ambulation may be possible without the interference of bony union after the posterolateral fusion operation when this brace is applied instead of longterm cast immobilization. In clinical analyses and follow-up studies after operative treatments in 55 patients with spondylolisthesis, the following results were obtained: 1. 30 patients (54.6%) were distributed between 21 and 40 years of age. 2. Males (52.7%) were slightly more than females (47.3%). 3. Among clinical symptoms and signs, low back pain was most common (87.3%). Sciatica was present in 45.5% 4. Duration of symptoms at admission was variable. 5. 15 patients (27.3%) had a previous history of trauma. 6. 5th lumbar vertebra was most commonly involved (74.5%) followed by the 4th lumbar vertebra(23.6%). There was a case(1.9%) in which the 5th and 4th lumbar vertebrae were involved. 7. Degrees of slipping were divided into 4 grades (Grade I–IV) by Meyerdings method. Grade 1 was most common (72.2%), Grade II 22.2% and Grade III 5.6%. 8. In follow-up studies of the operative treatment, laminectomy & H-graft were satisfactory in 84.9% and posterolateral fuion in aII cases (13 patients). 9. Early ambulation was preferred without healng disturbance in a case in which the Norton-Brown back brace was applied after posteroIateraI fusion and also, other advantages were expected as follws: a) Elimination of prolonged cast immobiIization b) Financial aid c) Early return to work d) Mental comfort.
Braces ; Early Ambulation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Laminectomy ; Low Back Pain ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Methods ; Return to Work ; Sciatica ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis ; Transplants ; Young Adult

To achieve full pronation and supination after fracture, many authors have pointed out the importance of the length of the bones, the absence of the angulatory deformity and rotational deformity, maintenance of the interosseous space and the curves of the radius, especially the lateral bowing of the radius. Over the years many methods of open reduction and internal fixation or the closed method have been advocated and comparisons have been made between the groups treated by the conservative method and open reduction and internal fixation. The authors have reviewed 108 cases of the fracture of the shaft af the forearm bones from 1 January 1971 to 31 March 1979 which were treated in Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine. The following results were obtalned from analysis of the cases studies. 1. There was no difference between the conservative treatment group and the open reduction and internal fixation group for fractures of the radius or ulna alone in fracture heallng time, but there was delay in fracture healing time in the open reduction and internal fixation group compared to the conservative treatment group for fractures of both forearm bones. 2. Satisfactory functional results were shown in the open reduction and internal fixation group rather than in the conservative treatment group. 3. Angulatory deformities were shown in 47.2% of the conservative treatment group and 14.8% of the open reduction and internal fixatlon group. 4. In selected cases, an Evan's tuberosity view was taken and rotational deformities were shown in 30.0% of the conservative treatment group and in 8.8% of the open reduction and internal fixation group. 5. There was no difference between the conservative treatment group and the open reduction and internal fixatlon group in non-union rate and delayed union rate.
Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Forearm ; Fracture Healing ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Pronation ; Radius ; Supination ; Ulna