Xanthoma disseminatum (XD) is one of cutaneous nonhistiocytosis X, and characterized by multiple, widely distributed red, brown, yellowish papules and nodules that tend to coalesce. We present a case of XD with characteristic clinical findings and treated with the combination therapy of COz laser vaporization and high dose steroid.
Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell* ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Gas* ; Volatilization* ; Xanthomatosis*

Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a congenital or perinatal tumor, 1 to 2 cm in diameter, usually located on the head. The extracutaneous lesions can occur on the eye, the lung, the epicardium, the oral cavity or the testicles. Subcutaneous form of juvenile xanthogranuloma has been reported very rarely in the literature. We report a unique case of a subcutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma that showed 4 × 4 cm sized plaque and located on the extremity of 9-year-old girl.
Child ; Extremities ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Lung ; Mouth ; Pericardium ; Testis ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn*

BACKGROUND: Linear lichen planus (LLP) and Lichen striatus (LS) are rare disorder that can be confused because they can share similar clinical and histopathologic features. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristic differences and common features between the two disorders histopathologically. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records of patients who had been diagnosed as LLP or LS in our dermatology clinic during the 15-year period between 1985 and 1999. We classified twenty seven cases, which were differentiated from other possible linear dermatoses, into LLP and LS on the basis of clinical features, and then compared them histopathologically, and appreciated the characteristic differences or common features of the two disorders. RESULTS: In cases diagnosed as LLP clinically, epidermal changes were mainly composed of hyperkeratosis (78%), acanthosis (78%), basal degeneration (78%), granular layer thickening (67%) and saw-toothed appearance of rete ridges (44%). In dermis, colloid bodies (78%), band-like inflammatory cell infiltration with pigmentary incontinence (78%) were strik-,ting findings. In cases with clinical features of LS, parakeratosis (50%), dyskeratotic cells scattered in the epidermis (61%) and intercellular edema (39%) were noted in the epidermis. Dermal cellular deposits were focally band-like infiltration(89%), more frequently perivascular in-filtration (83%) and often involved deep dermis (50%), hair follicles (44%) and eccrine glands (22%) in contrast to LLP. CONCLUSION: This study presents a comparative histopathologic features of LLP and LS. Three cases of LLP with overlapping histopathologic features suggest the possibility that there may be an intermediate form between either end of a spectrum, LLP and LS.
Colloids ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Eccrine Glands ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Lichen Planus* ; Lichens* ; Parakeratosis ; Skin Diseases

PURPOSE: To evaluation the accuracy of the IOL power calculation formulae measured by IOL Master(R) and applanation ultrasonography for the Tecnis ZCB00 IOL. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 170 eyes in 121 patients who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital with AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOL.s. The SRK/T formula was used to predict the patient's implanted IOL power. Differences in the predicted refractive errors between IOL Master(R) and ultrasonography were analyzed and factors attributed to the differences were also analyzed. Three months after cataract surgery, mean numeric error and mean absolute error were analyzed. RESULTS: SRK/II and SRK/T formulas calculated using ultrasonography showed differences compared to the same formulas calculated using IOL Master(R), in which hyperopic shift was also demonstrated. No definite factor was attributed to the differences between the 2 methods. Although the 3 formulas of IOL Master(R) showed no significant difference in refractive errors, the SRK/T formula calculated using IOL Master(R) showed the least mean absolute and numeric errors. CONCLUSIONS: IOL Master(R) is considered more suitable when determining proper AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOL power in cataract surgery. The hyperopic shift should be considered when calculating the IOL power using only ultrasonography.
Cataract ; Ultrasonography* ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Refractive Errors ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of retreatment after refractive surgery. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 38 eyes of 24 patients who received retreatment surgery after refractive surgery from August 2008 to May 2013 was performed. Pre-initial surgery characteristics and the reason for retreatment were investigated, and preand post-retreatment uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, safety index, efficacy index, predictability, and postoperative complication were also investigated. RESULTS: Age at initial refractive surgery and retreatment were 28.50 +/- 7.29 years (17-49 years) and 31.21 +/- 6.49 years (21-49 years). Reasons for retreatment were myopic regression in 36 eyes (94.7%) and overcorrection in two eyes (5.3%). Methods of retreatment were laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) in 31 eyes (81.6%) and laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in seven eyes (18.4%). Safety index values for all were above 1.0 and efficacy index values were 0.92, 0.93, and 0.95 in postoperative examination at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months, respectively. No eye showed a decrease in best corrected visual acuity. One eye had transient hyperopia after retreatment, and two eyes had postoperative corneal opacity, but no eye experienced significant alteration in visual prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Retreatment after refractive surgery was an efficient and safe clinical course in our clinic. No long-term complications were observed, and uncorrected visual acuity and refractive errors significantly improved after retreatment. In particular, LASEK can be considered as a safe and efficient retreatment modality without risk of keratectasia.
Corneal Opacity ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Keratectomy, Subepithelial, Laser-Assisted ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Refractive Errors ; Refractive Surgical Procedures* ; Retreatment* ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

Garlic has been employed for thousands of years in virtually all cultures for the prevention and the treatment of a wide variety of ailments such as parasitic and fungal infections, chest pain and rheumatism. However, garlic may cause the allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. We experienced a case of irritant contact dermatitis on both legs after external application of garlic. The patient was treated successfully with systemic steroid and wet dressing. We insist the practice of direct application of fresh garlic onto the skin for treating infections should be discouraged.
Bandages ; Chest Pain ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Garlic* ; Humans ; Leg ; Rheumatic Diseases ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Kaposi's varicelliform eruption (KVE) is a viral infection with disseminated skin involvement, superimposed on a pre-existing dermatosis. A monomorphic eruption of dome-shaped blisters and pustules in the eczematous lesions, along with severe systemic illness, leads to clinical diagnosis. However, there is no data on the clinicopathologic study of KVE in Koreans. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify clinicopathologic features of KVE. METHOD: We reviewed the medical records and biopsy slides of 21 patients who had previously been diagnosed as having KVE at the National Medical Center between 1990 and 2004. RESULTS: The study results are summarized as follows: 1. The most common pre-existing disease was atopic dermatitis, followed by seborrheic dermatitis and Darier's disease. 2.Men were more commonly affected than women, and the mean age at diagnosis of eczema herpeticum was 30.8 years. 3.Face involvement was seen in 4 patients, and systemic involvement in 6 patients. 4. Histopathologically, common findings included ballooning degeneration (76.1%), reticular degeneration (47.6%), multinucleated giant cell (57.1%), and inclusion body (28.6%), and leukocytoclastic vasculitis (47.6%). CONCLUSION: KVE is a secondary viral infection that can affect patients who suffer from a primary dermatologic condition. In many instances, the history and clinical findings may be sufficient for diagnosis of KVE. However, the clinicopathologic features can help also diagnose KVE and pre-existing dermatosis.
Biopsy ; Blister ; Darier Disease ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption* ; Medical Records ; Preexisting Condition Coverage ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Vasculitis

Trichofolliculoma is a benign, highly structured harmartoma of the pilosebaceous unit characterized by one or more large cystic follicles with smaller radiating follicular structures. This benign neoplasm appears in middle age and rarely occurs prior to early adult life. We report a case of congenital trichofolliculoma in a 10-day-old female neonate noted from birth.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Middle Aged ; Parturition

BACKGROUND: Although atopic dermatitis (AD) is a very common disease, there is no specific diagnostic or prognostic marker for it. Minor clinical features and a few laboratory findings can be used as ancillary diagnostic criteria and reflect the present state of AD, but cannot predict the disease severity. OBJECTIVE: We performed this study to find out if there is any correlation among minor clinical features, laboratory findings such as blood eosinophil count and serum IgE levels, and the severity of AD. METHODS: One hundred patients with AD were involved in the study. They were divided into two groups by the age of 12 years; group 1(< or = 12-year-old, n=47) represented childhood AD and group 2 (> or = 12-year-old, n=53) represented adolescence and adult AD. Subsequently, the severity of AD was assessed by the SCORAD index, and then all the patients were classified into 3 subgroups; mild, moderate and severe groups. They were evaluated for 28 minor clinical features of AD. In addition, blood samples were measured for blood eosinophil count and serum IgE levels. RESULTS: The pattern of minor clinical features correlated significantly with the disease severity was quite different between the two groups, except ventral wrist eczema and eyelid eczema. Blood eosinophil count and serum IgE levels increased significantly as the SCORAD index increased. While perifollicular accentuation was a significant minor clinical feature that correlated with blood eosinophil count in the both groups, there were no minor features showing statistically significant correlation with serum IgE levels. In group 1, keratosis pilaris and infragluteal eczema appeared more frequently as all 3 variables such as the SCORAD index, blood eosinophil count and serum IgE levels, increased simultaneously. However, no minor clinical features which correlated significantly with all variables were observed in group 2. CONCLUSION: We concluded that minor clinical features such as keratosis pilaris and infragluteal eczema reflect the disease severity and can be used as an anticipating sign of severe disease, especially in childhood AD.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Eczema ; Eosinophils ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Keratosis ; Wrist