Gold nanoparticles ( AuNPs) have been widely used in biomedicine due to their unique physical and chemical properties as well as good biocompatibility. Current research in this field has been focused on AuNP radiosensitization in radiotherapy for cancer. Extensive studies in vivo and in vitro have showed the radiosensitization effect of AuNPs. However, the mechanism of radiosensitization by AuNPs still requires further studies. Right now, the radiation?insensitive phase ( G0+G1 phase) to radiation?sensitive phase ( G2+M phase ) transition of tumor cells by AuNPs is widely considered as the main cause of radiosensitization. There are many influencing factors for AuNP radiosensitization such as particle size, surface modification, microscopic distribution, radiation energy, radiation dose, and type of tumor cells. Moreover, safety should also be taken into account in AuNP radiosensitization. Clinical trials of AuNPs have been carried out right now. More studies on AuNP radiosensitization are needed to achieve real clinical transformation.

OBJECTIVE: 10 summarize tne clinical features of the facial nerve tumors involving the internal auditory canal and promote the management of facial nerve tumor. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical manifestations, the experiences of diagnosis and treatment of the facial nerve tumor involving the internal auditory canal. All these 5 cases were enrolled during January 2013 to Apr 2015. RESULT: Among the 5 cases, 3 cases were facial neurilemmoma and the others were facial neurofibroma. The main symptoms of facial nerve tumors involving the internal auditory canal most commonly were facial paralysis companied with hearing loss. All the patients accepted the surgical treatment with various approaches, 3 cases of translabyrinthine approach, 1 case of middle fossa approach, and 1 case of combination of translabyrinthine and transotic approach. Total tumor resection were achieved in all 5 cases. Facial-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis was performed in one case, another case was undergone great auricular nerve graft. CONCLUSION Surgical intervention for patients with facial neuroma involving internal auditory canal should be considered when facial weakness has deteriorated to grade 4. The management should be based on the patient's hearing, facial nerve function, tumor size and invasive extension to select the appropriate surgical procedures.
Anastomosis, Surgical ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Facial Nerve ; pathology ; surgery ; Facial Nerve Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Facial Paralysis ; complications ; Hearing Loss ; complications ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve ; surgery ; Neurilemmoma ; diagnosis ; Neurofibroma ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To observe the effect of different conserve time in ultra deep cryopreservation (-196 ℃)on physiological characteristics of allograft nerve transplantation .Methods A total of 80 female Wistar rats were divide into three groups by random principle:derived group which 20 rats were sacrificed to get both sides of femoral nerves ;control groups which each group had 10 rats include group A for fresh autologous nerve transplantation ,group B for fresh allograft nerve transplantation ;experiment groups which each group had 10 rats including groups C ,D ,E ,F that transplanted after femoral nerves conserve in the -196 ℃ for 3 ,6 ,9 , 12 weeks respectively ,and the results of exterior appearance ,light microscope ,electron microscope were observed and electrophysi-ological test was conducted after transplantation .Results After 9 weeks transplantation :the physiological characteristics of group B was most affected ,followed by group C ,D ,E ,F ,group A was with minimal impact ;the result of electrophysiological test showed that groups A&B ,A&E ,A&F had significant difference(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The physiological characteristics of allograft nerve transplantation relate to the freezing time .

Objective To better understand the MSCT characteristic of superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SSCDS). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 8 patients who were diagnosed with SSCD syndrome in the otology and skull base surgery group of fudan university. All the patients CT features, the conventional axial and coronal images base on high-resolution MSCT and the images displayed the whole superior semicircular canal, which were reconstructed by using the technology of MPR, were reviewed. Results All the images that displayed the whole superior semicircular canal exhibited the dehiscence. Six patients' dehiscences occur in the middle of the roof over the superior semicircular (4 of 6 dehiscences also occur in the front of the roof), 2 patients dehiscences occur in the back of the roof over the superior semicircular. The range of the maximal diameter of the dehiscence was 0.8-4.2 mm, (median value: 2.4 mm). Conclusion The technology of MPR based on the high-resolution MSCT scan is very useful in diagnosis of the SSCDS.

AIM: To investigate the mRNA changes of L-type Ca~(2+) channel ?_(1C) subunit (CaL-?_(1C)) and Na~+-Ca~(2+) exchanger (NCX) in the atria of renovascular hypertensive rats. METHODS: Two-kidney one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups 1 week after operation, HD group was treated with 250 mg/d diltiazem, LD group was treated with 50 mg/d diltiazem, control group (C group) was treated with vehicle. After 4 weeks treatment, semiquantitative RT-PCR was used to estimate the mRNA changes of CaL-?_(1C) and NCX, and GAPDH was used as internal control. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure in LD group was comparable with C group, and that in HD group was decreased to normal level after diltiazem treatment. In C group, CaL-?_(1C) mRNA level were 2.5, 2.4 and 2.1 times of S, HD and LD group, and NCX mRNA level were 1.9, 1.6 and 2.1 times of S, HD and LD group. There were no significant difference in the mRNA level of CaL-?_(1C) and NCX among S, HD and LD group. CONCLUSION: The mRNA levels of CaL-?_(1C) and NCX are upregulated in the atria of hypertensive rats. Ca~(2+) antagonist inhibits their upregulation independent of blood pressure.

Objective:To establish a quality control method for Shuangshengen capsules ( Salvia miltiorrhiza, Panax ginseng and Radix pueraria) . Methods:TLC was performed to identify Salvia miltiorrhiza, Panax ginseng and Radix pueraria. HPLC was used to determine the contents of puerarin and ginsenoside Rg1 . Results:The spots obtained from the test solutions had the same color as the reference solution at the same position. The spots on the TLC plates were clear without any interference. The calibration curve was line-ar within the range of 14. 42-115. 36 ng for puerarin, and the average recovery was 99. 94%(RSD=0. 13%, n=5). The calibration curve was linear within the range of 0. 1-0. 8 μg for ginsenoside Rg1, and the average recovery was 99. 85%(RSD=0. 42%,n=5). Conclusion:The method is reliable, simple and reproducible, and suitable for the quality control of Shuangshengen capsules.

Objective To investigate the pathological mechanism of delayed endolymphatic hydrops(DEH) , and clarify the clinical value of endolymphatic space imaging after intratympanic injection of gadolinium in the diag_nosis of delayed endolymphatic hydrops .Methods Twenty -four hours after bilateral intratympanic injection of gadolinium ,the locations and severity of endolymphatic hydrops of all patients were evaluated by using three dimen_sional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (3D -FLAIR) and three dimensional real inversionrecovery (3D -real IR) .ResuIts All patients had unilateral or bilateral endolymphatic hydrops .Among 9 ipsilateral DEH patients , only 1 (11 .1% ) patient was identified as mild endolymphatic hydrops and the rest (88 .9% ) examined had signifi_cant endolymphatic hydrops in vestibule of their affected ears ;Endolymphatic hydrops appeared in cochlea of the af_fected ear in 8 (88 .9% ) patients ,except for 1 patient .Endolymphatic hydrops were not observed in the contralater_al ears of 9 ipsilateral DEH patients .Mild endolymphatic hydrops in bilateral vestibule ,severe in right cochlear and none in left cochlea of contralateral DEH patient were identified .ConcIusion Endolymphatic hydrops is the primary pathological factors of DEH .Endolymphatic space imaging after intratympanic injection of gadolinium can intuitively reflect the locations and severity of endolymphatic hydrops in DEH patients .

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of a medication dependence questionnaire in mi?graineurs of the Chinese version. Methods One hundred fifteen migraine patients with drug dependence syndrome were included and their clinical data were then collected. All the subjects were interviewed with the medication dependence questionnaire in migraineurs of the Chinese version. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated ac?cording to test-retest reliability and internal consistency reliability, and the content validity and construct validity respec?tively. Results The test-retest reliability of the questionnaire items was 0.725~1.000 except item 11 (0.558) and item16 (0.443). The internal consistency coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.820, internal consistency coefficient of each di?mension was above 0.7. Every item score was positively correlated with corresponding dimension score (r=0.595~0.962). Seven factors with latent roots greater than 1 could explain 76.3%of total variance, and these factors were relatively pow?erful in related items. Conclusions The medication dependence questionnaire in migraineurs of the Chinese version shows preferable reliability and validity. Thus, this is a promising assessment tool to evaluate the medication dependence in Chinese migraineurs in future clinical practice.

Objce tive To investgate the morphological monoclonal combined with SEMA 3B for detection of the tumorigenic components in gastric cancer .Methods Clones derived from gastric cancer SGC -7901 cells were assessed by morphological observation ,the clone formation rate was calculated .The expression of SEMA3B was detected by Western blot ,and the tumorigenic ability of each group was determined .Results Clones derived from GC SGC-7901 cells had three types,the total clone formation rate was(10.20 ±1.07)%,the expression of SEMA3B was the strongest in the Holoclone colonies ,SGC-7901 cells of Holoclone clones possessed strong abil-ity of self-renewal and in vivo tumorigenicity in the nude mice .Conclusion This study provides the experimen-tal basis for exploring the effect of SEMA 3B in gastric carcinoma tumor formation and proliferation .

Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of migraine patients with white matter le-sions (WMLs). Methods One hundred ten clinically diagnosed migraine patients who underwent magnetic resonance im-aging (MRI) scans from October, 2010 to August, 2013 were enrolled in Shandong Provincial Hospital. One hundred ten migraine patients were divided into two groups:WMLs group and non-WMLs group based on the presence or absence of WMLs in MRI scans. The clinical features of the patients and location and number of WMLs were investigated. Noncondi-tional multivariate stepwise logistic regression after univariate analysis was used to analyze the data. Odds ratio (0R) and 95 confidence interval after adjustment for possible confounding variables were calculated. Results①There were 36 patients with WMLs among the 110 migraine patients. The incidence of WMLs in migraine patients was 32.7%. The WMLs in migraine patients were predominantly present in the frontal and parietal lobes (59.1%). ② Compared with non-WMLs group, there were significant increases in disease duration (5.3±3.7 vs. 7.6±4.9, P﹤0.01), frequency of head-ache attack (3.5 ± 2.3 vs. 4.6 ± 2.2, P﹤0.05), aura (18.9%vs. 36.1%, P﹤0.05) and family history of migraine (12.2%vs. 44.4%, P﹤0.01) in WMLs group.③The independent risk factors of WMLs in migraine patients were family history of mi-graine (OR=5.995), aura (OR=3.067) and long disease duration (OR=1.165). Conclusions Family history of migraine, au-ra and disease duration are the predictive risk factors of WMLs in migraineurs.