Objective To analyze clinical value of carotid ultrasonic examination in hypertension,to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods 380 patients with hypertension were selected and divided into different grades according to China Hypertension Prevention Guide.All patients were diagnosed with carotid ultra-sonic examination,thick endomembrane of carotid and carotid plaques were compared in patients with different danger grades,age and course of disease.Results 273 patients were examined with carotid atherosclerosis(142 patients with IMT,131 patients with carotid plaques),positive rate was 71.84%;with dangerous situation,age and course of dis-ease increased,positive rate of examination,PSV and RI increased.Conclusion Carotid ultrasonic examination is helpful for diagnosis of hypertension and worth of applying in clinical fields.

During the past few years,international nephrology and emergency medicine tend to change the nomenclature from acute renal failure to acute kidney injury (AKI) .In pediatrics,primary renal diseases are no longer the most common cause of AKI.Instead,the etiology is likely multifactorial,related to a combination of several factors,especially in the intensive care unit.And AKI not just significantly prolongs the length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit,but is associated with a significant increase in mortality.In this article,we will simply review the etiology and epidemiology of AKI,and analyse the differences between RIFLE criteria and AKIN criteria.

Oral medicine is an important clinical subject of Stomatology for higher vocational education. By combining theory-practice integration teaching pattern,and the teaching practice for more than one year and the teaching examples,this article makes an analysis of regarding the complete teaching system such as supporting the teaching outline,notes and textbook,perfect teaching condition,a high quality of Double-professionally-titled Teachers,scientific and effective teaching evaluation system to sum up some teaching rules of the theory-practice integration teaching of oral medicine.

A thermal desorption ( TD) device was developed and coupled to gas chromatography ( GC) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS ) for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of semi-volatile organic compounds on atmospheric particulate matters ( PM ) . The TD was operated by direct heating and placed on the GC injector, leading to high heating rate and easy transfer of analytes to GC without focusing of analytes by cold trap. For establishing the TD-GC method, the materials used for supporting PM samples, temperature and time of thermal desorption, and types of sample injection were investigated for detection of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) and nine n-alkanes. The limits of detection of the proposed TD-GC method were in the range of 0. 014-0. 093 ng for PAHs, and 0. 016-0. 026 ng for n-alkanes, respectively, with the correlation coefficients of correlation above 0. 9975. The TD-GC method was applied to the determination of trace PAHs and n-alkanes on PM10 samples from three cities. The recoveries were in the range of 95%-135% ( PAHs) and 95%-115% ( n-alkanes) , respectively. Finally, the TD was coupled to GC-MS for comparison of the contents of PAHs and n-alkanes on PMx with different particulate size ( x=10 , 5, 2, 1, 0. 5, 0. 25, 0. 1).

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of community treatment and management mode in elderly patients with hypertension.Methods A total of 286 elderly patients with hypertension were treated with community therapy and management for 6 months.The improvements in life style and hypertension control were observed before and after the community treatment and management.Results There were significant differences in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the elderly patients before and after the treatment and management [(158.4± 11.3) mm Hg vs.(131.3±5.9) mm Hg,(99.6±8.9) mm Hg vs.(81.5±5.6) mm Hg,respectively,both P＜0.05].Compared with pretreatment,the blood pressure control rate,the awareness rate of diagnostic criteria and the drug compliance were significantly increased after the treatment and management [38.5％ (110/286) vs.96.9％ (277/286),66.4％ (190/286) vs.100％ (286/286),49％ (140/286)vs.91.3％ (261/286),x2 =98.87,115.36,122.13,respectively,all P＜0.01].Conclusions The community treatment and management can increase the blood pressure control rate and improve the quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension.It is a feasible method to comprehensively prevent and control hypertension.

BACKGROUND:The etiological factor for rheumatoid arthritis remains unclear, but the effects of nuclear factor-κB on the onset of rheumatoid arthritis have been gradual y paid great attention by rheumatologists.
OBJECTIVE:By using the RNA interference (RNAi) technique to block the signal pathway of nuclear factor-κB
mRNA of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells, this study explored its application prospect in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
METHODS:The synovial cells were isolated, digested, and cultured for further use. In accordance with the
design principle of smal interfering RNA (siRNA), target sequences of siRNA of nuclear factor-κB were identified, and siRNA expression vector of nuclear factor-κB was synthesized and constructed. The four pGenesil-1/nuclear factor-κB siRNA expression vectors were transfected into the first passage of synovial cells that wel grew. Blank and negative control groups were set. cells at 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, 5 and 7 days after transfection were col ected, and RNA was extracted. Intracellular nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression levels were measured, and siRNA plasmid vector that could effectively inhibit nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression was screened out.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nuclear factor-κB highly expressed in synovial cells after human rheumatoid arthritis. 3#pGenesil-1/nuclear factor-κB apparently suppressed nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression in synovial cells with human rheumatoid arthritis. RNAi technique blocked nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression. Therefore, the block of nuclear factor-κB signal pathway might be a good target for rheumatoid arthritis gene therapy.

Objective To study the method of extracting the gypenoside from crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution.Methods The gypenoside was extracted from crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution by foaming separation.The optimum conditions were obtained through calculating the recovery rate and enrichment ratio.Results Under the optimum conditions:the concentration of the gypenoside in crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution was 3.21 ?g/mL,the gas flow rate was 30 mL/min,the volume of the solution was 110 mL,and pH value was 9.0 as well,the recovery rate of gypenoside was 49.20% and the enrichment ratio could reach 4.511.Conclusion Foam separation is a simple and effective method of extracting gypenoside from crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution.

This study was aimed to discuss the relations between relieving depression and benefit findings for advanced cancer patients.A total of 80 advanced cancer patients with the anxiety / depression assessment of more than 7 points and less than 15 points,were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group,in comprehensive hospitals.Finally,76 cases were included with 39 cases in the intervention group,and 37 cases in the control group.The progressive muscle relaxation training (PMRT) was used in the control group.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) special technique (i.e.,TCM five-element musicotherapy plus PMRT) was used in the intervention group.The reduced fraction of the Benefit Finding Scale (BFS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used in the effect evaluation after 8-week intervention.The results showed that after 8-week treatment,the reduced fractions of BFS and HADS in the intervention group were obviously higher than the control group with statistical significance.The variation tendencies of BFS and HADS in the intervention group were obviously higher than the control group with statistical significance.There were 8 individual values in BFS of the intervention group were higher than the control group with statistical significance.It was concluded that the benefit findings for advanced cancer patients were related to the application of TCM special techniques,can improve the levels of benefit findings among advanced cancer patients.It enriched and perfected the depression regulation plan of cancer patients by TCM special techniques.

Objective To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of sleep disorders and nocturnal hypoxemia of patients with different degrees of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Four hundred and twenty-five patients with snoring were scored by Epworth Sleepiness Scale ( ESS), and monitored by polysomnography (PSG). The possible correlations between sleep structure, hypoxia parameters, ESS and clinical features were analyzed and compared in those patients. Results Four hundred and twenty-five patients were divided into 4 groups according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). There were 65 primary snoring patients (15.3%) and 360 OSAHS patients (84. 7% ) including 187 patients (44. 0% ) in severe OSAHS group. ESS was increased as aggravation of OSAHS. There were significant statistical differences in ESS among each group. Compared with primary snoring group, sleep efficiency, NREM1 + 2, oxygen desaturation index ( ODI), time with pulse oxygen saturation below 90% (T(SpO2 <90% ) ) were significantly higher in the OSAHS groups, and NREM3 +4, lowest pulse oxygen saturation level ( LSpO2 ) were lower. ESS was correlated positively with AHI (r= 0. 474,P <0. 01 ). They were both correlated positively with ODI, T (SpO2 <90% ) and NREM1 + 2( ESSr =0. 392, 0. 356,0. 194;AHI r = 0. 714, O. 682, 0. 365, all P < 0. 01 ), and correlated negatively with LSpO2, NREM3 + 4 ( ESS r = - 0. 414, - 0. 196; AHI r = - 0. 740, - 0. 385, both P < 0. 01 ). LSpO2, ODI and T (SpO2 < 90% ) were the primary influencing factors. Common clinical presentations and subjective symptoms were presented including daytime sleepiness, impaired memory, fatigue, dry mouth, oppressive wake and morning headache, etc. Percentage of individuals with daytime sleepiness in the severe OSAHS group was 73. 3% (137/187). These had serious impact on the patients' quality of life, leading to difficulty concentrating, poor memory and cognitive impairment. Conclusions Sleep disorders are found in the patients with different degrees of OSAHS. The excessive daytime sleepiness interrelated partly with the structure of sleep, and totally with hypoxia parameters. The more severity the patients have, the more nocturnal hypoxia, sleep disorders and higher ESS are found.

Objective To study the heart rate variability and arrhythmia characteristics in the elderly patients with unstable angina and negative psychology and to observe the changes before and after treatment. Methods Eighty patients aged ≥ 65 years with unstable angina were recruited in the study, and divided into two groups according to the determination of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: 36 patients in the negative psychology group( NP group) and 44 in the non-negative psychology group ( non-NP group). All patients were monitored by Holter. Results The SDNN, SDANN, SDNNidex, rMSSD and PNN50 in the NP group were (86.8 ±14.1 ) ms, (78.1 ± 11.2 ) ms, (22.9 ± 4.5 ) ms, ( 6.3 ± 1.2 ) % and (40.3 ± 16.4) ms, respectively, which were significantly decreased compared to that in the non-NP group [ ( 138.9 ± 37.1 ) ms, ( 123.3 ± 32.5 ) ms, (25.7 ±12.3)ms,(9.2 ±5.3)% and (47.8 ± 10.7)ms,respectively] (t =4.20,2.52,2.32,2.28 and 2.20,Ps ＜0.05)The prevalence of ventricular arrhythmia, sinus tachycardia, ischemic ST-T changes and heart rate variability (HRV) (55.56%, 13.89%, 33. 33% and 52. 78%, respectively) significantly increased in the NP group,compared to those in the non-NP group(9.09% ,2.27% ,6.82%, 18.18% ,respectively) ( χ2 = 16.89,4.18,4.33 and 4.99, respectively, Ps ＜ 0.05 ). After treatment with Prozac ( fluoxetine hydrochloride scientific name), SDNN,SDANN,rMSSD,PNN50,SDNNindex significantly increased from (84.7 ± 34.0) ms, (79.2 ± 39.6) ms, (23.4 ±7.5)ms,(5.1 ±2.1)% and (38.1 ± 11.8)ms to (102. 1 ±29.6)ms,(94.2 ±26.7)ms,(35.6 ± 10.2)ms,(9.9 ± 7.5 ) % and (63.3 ± 13.8 ) ms ( t = 3.60,2.43,2.34,2.26 and 2.30, P ＜ 0.05 ). After treatment,ventricular arrhythmia,sinus tachycardia,ischemic ST-T changes and HRV significantly decreased compared to that before treatment in the NP group (χ2 = 5.58,4.33,4.24 and 4.06 ,P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions In patients of coronary heart disease with unstable angina and negative psychologically , HRV decreased , and they are prone to ventricular arrhythmias,sinus tachycardia and ischemic ST-T changes. Treatment with Prozac could decrease arrhythmia and improve cardiac ischemia arrhythmias, sinus tachycardia and ischemic ST-T changes. Treatment with Prozac could decrease arrhythmia and improve cardiac ischemia.