Objective To investigate the relationship between early pregnancy fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and gestational glucose metabolism disorders. Methods Six hundred and fifty-six pregnant women who were singleton, non-diabetes before pregnancy and had FPG examined during 5-13 weeks of pregnancy were admitted into this study from January 1, 2009 to May 31, 2009. All these subjects had routine prenatal examination and finally delivered in the Department of Obstetrics of Peking University First Hospital. The FPG, 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) after 24 weeks of pregnancy, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM),gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) were analyzed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results (1) Relationship between FPG and GCT were analyzed with ROC curve.The maximum area under curve was 0. 539 (95% CI: 0. 493-0. 586) and there was no correlation between the FPG and GCT results(P=0. 057). (2) Relationship between early pregnancy FPG and abnormal FPG examined after 24 gestational weeks were also analyzed . The maximum area under curve was 0. 796(95% CI: 0. 672-0. 920). If 5. 05 mmol/L was taken as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity was 54. 5% and 83. 2%, respectively. There was significant relationship between the two values (r=0. 432, P=0. 000). (3) There were no relationship between early pregnancy FPG and the blood glucose value of 1, 2 and 3 h in 75 g OGTT (r=0. 093, 0. 036 and 0. 107, P=0.122, 0. 549 and 0. 074 respectively). OGTT 0 h value was positively related to OGTT 1, 2 and3 h glucose level (r=0.493, 0.421 and 0.368, P=0.000, respectively). (4) All early pregnant FPG values in this study were under 6.1 mmol/L. Twenty-two GDM and 27 GIGT patients were diagnosed in this study. Early pregnancy FPG did not relate to the GDM and GIGT diagnosis.Conclusions Early pregnancy FPG could not replace 50 g GCT as an early screening for glucose metabolic abnormality in pregnancy, but FPG during early pregnancy is necessary.

Objective To investigate the effect of scalp acupuncture plus real-time cognitive training on cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer disease patients with cognitive disorder.Methods One hundred Alzheimer disease patients with cognitive disorder were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 50 cases each. Both groups received treatment for the primary disease. In addition, the treatment group received scalp acupuncture plus real-time cognitive training and the control group took Ginkgo leaf extract tablets. Mean flow velocity (Vm) in the left vertebral artery (LVA), right vertebral artery (RVA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were measured using transcranial Doppler in the two groups of patients before and after three months of treatment.Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in LVA, RVA and MCA Vm in the two groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in LVA, RVA and MCA Vm between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Scalp acupuncture plus real-time cognitive training can improve cerebral circulation and increase cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer disease patients with cognitive disorder.

Objective:To explore the relationship between cognitive deficits and oxidative stress in male patients with heroin dependence (MPHD). Methods: The cognitive function of 140 MPHD and 75 healthy controls were evaluated with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Cancellation Test (CT) and Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST). The levels of serum nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected in colorimetry. Results:The performances of WMS, CT and M-WCST in MPHD were significantly lower than that in healthy controls (93.7?13.8/102.9?12.3, t=-2.83; 161.6?32.8/194.4?26.5, t=-4.28; 18.8?7.8/25.0?7.5, t=-3.38, P

Objective:To investigate the hippocampus neuron injury,mitochondrial function and mitochondrial apoptosis related protein expression in kainic acid(KA) induced epilepsy rat,and to explore the role of mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis in the neuron injury.Methods:KA induced epilepsy model was produced by injection of KA into the hippocampus.Forty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: control and KA group(6 h,1 d,3 d and 7 d),n=32.The concentration of Glu in hippocampus CA3 area was detected by HPLC.The apoptosis of hippocampus neurons and the concentration of free calcium ion were assayed by flow cytometry.The expression of cytochrome C and caspase-9 in hippocampus CA3 area was determined by Western blot.Results: ①The concentration of Glu in hippocampus CA3 area was increased in the fourth day after KA injection.②The concentration of free calcium ion,mitochondrial membrane potential,and the number of apoptosis neurons was significantly changed after 6 h of KA injection.Seven days after KA injection,these changes were more significant.③The hippocampus neuron expressed low levels of cytochrome C and caspase-9,and the expression of cytochrome C and caspase-9 was dramatically increased in a time dependent manner which increased by 4.37and 3.20 fold 7 d after KA injection.Conclusion:Mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis involve in hippocampal neuron apoptosis in KA induced epilepsy rat.

Objective:To understand the effect and existing problems of teaching reform about primary health care demands in local medical universities and colleges.Methods:With sampling survey method,150 students from Xi'an Medical College were investigated using questionnaires.Results:Totally 93.1％ of the freshmen approved of setting up the courses,72.6％ of the students thought that nursing ethics and skills were equally important,43.2％ of the students thought learning this course made themselves have a new understanding of nursing ethics.Totally 84.2％ of the students were satisfied with the teacher's teaching process,while 69％ of the students were not satisfied with the existing teaching materials.Conclusion:The teaching method oriented by practical problems and the teachers' own efforts are prerequisites for students' acceptance of this course.Content setting based on post needs is an important link of nursing ethics teaching effect.Setting up sustainable teaching time is the basis of the teaching effect.High quality teaching materials are necessary conditions to achieve the teaching orderly.

Objective To study newborns weight in singleton term births and the associationbetween newborns birth weight and mode of delivery in 3 hospitals.Methods From Jan.2005 to Dec.2009,13 963 singleton term live neonates born in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University First Hospital(PU group),6519 neonates in Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College (BMC group,)and 8725 neonates in Miyun Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Yanjing Medical College(MYC group)were enrolled in this retrospective study.The newborns weight and the rate of macrosomia was calculated and compared.Those newborns from PU group and MYC group were divided into 2288 neonates at macrosomia group and 20 400 neonates at non-macrosomia group,their mode of deliveries were analyzed.Results(1)The mean neonatal birth weight were(3386 ± 414)g at PU group,(3389 ± 446)g at BMC group and(3445 ± 449)g at MYC group.Neonates born weight in MYC was significantly higher than those from in PU group and BMC group(P =0.000).Neonates born weight in BMC showed higher than those in PU group,which did.not reached statistical difference(P =0.638).(2)The incidence of macrosomia were 7.935％(1108/13 963)in PU group,9.802％(639/6519)in BMU group and 13.524％(1180/8725)in MYU group.The incidence of macrosomia in MYC group was higher than those in PU and BMC group,the incidence of macrosomia in BMC group was higher than that in PU group,which reached statistically difference(P =0.000).(3)The proportion of cesarean delivery were 75.306％(1723/ 2288)at macrosomia group,50.765％(10 356/20 400)at non-macrosomia group,which showed statistical difference(P =0.000).Conclusions(1)The difference of newborns birth weight existed in different administrative level hospital.(2)The risk of cesarean delivery due to macrosomia is higher than that of nonmacrosomia.(3)Obstetricians should pay more attention to nutrition in gestation period to lessen the incidence of macrosomia and cesarean section.

requirement of medical materials for hemolysis experiment (<5%) .MTT assay showed that , after 4 days of culture , the optical densi-ties were 0.498 ±0.218 and 0.566 ±0.266 in the 120℃12 h and 24 h groups and 0.668 ±0.268 and 0.769 ±0.213 in the 150℃12 h and 24 h groups, while after 8 days, the optical densities were 0.767 ±0.267 and 0.836 ±0.236 in the 120℃12 h and 24 h groups and 0.765 ±0.265 and 0.903 ±0.303 in the 150℃12 h and 24 h groups, all significantly higher than in the non-CaTiO3 group at 4 (0.341 ±0.143) and 8 days (0.731 ±0.121) (P<0.05). Conclusion The CaTiO3 coating on titanium is neither mutagenic nor hemolytic and has no toxicity on osteoblasts .Instead, it can promote the proliferation of osteoblasts , and therefore is a valuable coating material for implants .

Objective:To analyze OLFM1 by bioinformatics and prepare its polyclonal antibody.Methods:According to the bioinformatics analysis and prediction of the possible high structure,hydrophobicity and antigenicity of OLFM1 and the principal of antibody project,a partial peptide of OLFM1 with 20-amino acid residues with was synthesized after homology search.The synthesized peptide was then used to immunize rabbit.The specificity and titer of polyclonal antibody against OLFM1 were identified via ELISA and Western blot.Results:Polyclonal antibody against OLFM1 was proved to recognize OLFM1 protein specifically,and its titers reached 1?32 000.Conclusion:By the bioinformatics analysis and prediction,the hydrophilicity and antigenicity of OLFM1 are analyzed.The polyclonal antibody against OLFM1 is successfully obtained.

Objective To study the effect of bird's nest nursing on the vital signs,gastroenteric function,body weight and growth of premature infants.Methods 456 cases of premature infants were divided into the warm box group and the bird's nest group randomly according to odd and even number of birth,namely 228 cases in each group.The warm box group adopted routine nursing care.The bird's nest group adopted routine nursing care and bird's nest nursing in the mean time,namely the bird's nest wag put into the warm box,the premature infants slept in the pre-heated bird's nest.The condition of the two groups Was compared.Results On the first day of birth,there were no statistical difference(P＞0.05)between the two groups in respiration,heart rate,milk amount and body weight.On the seventh and fourteenth day,respiration and heart rate were stable and milk amount and body weight increased rapidly in bird's nest group.There Was statistical difference(P＜0.05)between the two groups.In bird's nest group,the premature had long sleeping time and body temperature-fluctuation was reduced.There was statistical differencere(P＜0.01)between the two groups.Conclusions After the bird's nest was used in premature care,diseases were recovered rapidly,hospitalization days were shortened and it was beneficial to the development of intelligence and body and mind of the premature infants.

Objective To study the method of extracting the gypenoside from crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution.Methods The gypenoside was extracted from crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution by foaming separation.The optimum conditions were obtained through calculating the recovery rate and enrichment ratio.Results Under the optimum conditions:the concentration of the gypenoside in crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution was 3.21 ?g/mL,the gas flow rate was 30 mL/min,the volume of the solution was 110 mL,and pH value was 9.0 as well,the recovery rate of gypenoside was 49.20% and the enrichment ratio could reach 4.511.Conclusion Foam separation is a simple and effective method of extracting gypenoside from crude Herba Gynostemmae Pentaphylli solution.