Objective: To investigate the efficacy of pharmacist intervention in perioperative prophylactic application of antibiotics. Methods: From August 2017 to August 2018, 148 cases received surgery in Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital were selected, using odd-even grouping method, the patients were divided into two groups, with 74 cases in each group.The control group used antibacterial drugs without pharmacists intervention, the observation group used antibacterial drugs through pharmacists intervention.The use of antimicrobial agents was compared between the two groups. Results: The duration of prophylactic medication, the duration of hospitalization in the observation group were (2.59±0.24)d, (8.47±0.83)d, respectively, which in the control group were (3.76±0.36)d, (10.74±1.32)d, respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=23.262, 12.523, all P<0.01). The total cost of antibacterial drugs and the total drug cost in the observation group were (778.62±76.35)CNY, (3 036.75±302.11)CNY, respectively, which in the control group were (1 063.26±105.32)CNY, (4 698.64±1 452.28)CNY, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=18.823, 9.638, all P<0.01). The antibacterial drug use satisfaction of the observation group was 97.30%(72/74), which of the control group was 74.32%(55/74), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ²=16.038, P<0.01). Conclusion The rational use of antibiotics can be promoted by pharmacist intervention in perioperative prophylaxis patients.