Under low temperature conditions, the hapten carboxyl-norketamine was synthesized by reacting norketamine and succinaldehyde acid.Identification result using electrospray ionization mass showed the hap ten was successfully synthesized.The artificial antigen confirmed by infrared spectroscopy was developed by conjugating hapten to carrier proteins with carbodiimide(EDC) method.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ioni zation time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS) showed that the ratio of hapten to BSA was 11:1.The antibody with high titer(5.12 × 10~4) was produced after immuning to rabbits.

OBJECTIVETo observe the difference between the combination therapy of alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) therapy Yixuesheng Capsule and the monotherapy of IFN-alpha in treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

METHODA total of 288 patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B proven by liver biopsy were included in this study. During the individualized therapy, they received hypodermic injection of IFN-alpha 1b, with 5 MU x time(-1) and three times x w(-1). Of them, 125 patients received combination therapy with Yixuesheng Capsule for three months, with 1.0 g/time and three times/d; and 163 patients received only IFN-alpha 1b (the IFN-alpha monotherapy group). After the course of therapy, all patients were followed up for at least 24 months. The intention-to-treat analysis was adopted for statistic analysis.

RESULTThe two groups showed no statistical significance by gender, age, liver necroinflammation grading, liver fibrosis staging, serum ALT levels, serum HBV DNA levels and IFN-alpha therapy course. The whole course and the 24-month follow-up visit cover all of 112 patients in the combination treatment group and 141 cases in the IFN-alpha monotherapy group. The response rates of the combination treatment group and the IFN-alpha monotherapy group were 48.0% (60/125) and 35.0% (57/163) (x = 4.980, P = 0.026) at the end of treatment, respectively, 45.6% (57/125) and 33.1% (54/163) (x2 = 4.645, P =0.031) at the end of 12-month-follow-up period, respectively, and 38.4% (48/125) and 32.5% (53/163) (x2 = 1.076, P = 0.300) at the end of 24-month follow-up period, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe combination treatment with IFN-alpha and Yixuesheng Capsule shows a slightly better sustained efficacy on HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients compared with IFN-alpha monotherapy.

Adult ; Capsules ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Birth cohort is an important observational study which can continuously and dynamically collect the exposure changes and health outcomes from gametophyte development to adolescence and even old age. However, because of its complex design and difficult implementation, how to construct birth cohort with high quality and high efficiency is the main difficulty faced by epidemiologists at home and abroad. In 2016, China National Birth Cohort was officially launched. The network and information technology were used to explore, and a set of "cloud-based information platform" was established to support this queue construction, containing 16 units in China. After four years of development, the platform has formed a complete set of programs about the construction of cohort information platform, which including recruitment and follow-up management of participants, real-time data interaction, queue quality control, multi-level authority management and function division. The relevant design framework and functional elements provide the references to the future information construction of large-scale birth cohort and even population-based research in China.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in children with pancreaticobiliary diseases and the characteristics of pancreaticobiliary disorders in children.

METHODRetrospective review was conducted on the data of patients younger than 18 years who underwent ERCP between 2005 and 2012 at West China Hospital. The indications,ERCP findings, ERCP procedures, complications, and clinical outcomes were evaluated.ERCP procedures were performed using standard duodenoscopes under general anaesthesia or sedation, which included all endoscopic treatments, such as endoscopic sphincteropapillotomy, stone extraction, stent treatment and so on.

RESULTOne hundred and two ERCPs were performed on 68 patients, and all the procedures were successfully completed in 100% cases. There were 39 girls (57%), and median age at time of procedure was 14.6 years (range, 5-17 years).General anesthesia and sedation were performed in 81% and 19% of procedures, respectively. The ERCP findings were classified as follows:bile duct stone(s) (n = 37, 54%), pancreatic duct stone(s) (n = 8, 12%), bile duct benign stricture (n = 7, 10%) and other nonmalignant pancreaticobiliary diseases (n = 16, 24%).Four cases (4/102, prevalence 4%) were complicated with post-ERCP pancreatitis.Symptoms such as abdominal pain and jaundice were cured obviously after the procedures of ERCP were performed.

CONCLUSIONThe main characteristics of pancreaticobiliary disorders in children were nonmalignant pancreaticobiliary diseases, such as bile duct stone, pancreatic duct stone, and bile/pancreatic duct benign stricture.When performed by well-trained endoscopists, ERCP is safe and effective in children.

Adolescent ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Calculi ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Choledocholithiasis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Pancreatic Ducts ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To study the effects of different concentrated sulfuric acid etching durations on the shear bond strength between polyether-ketone-ketone (PEKK) and dentin, providing a scientific basis for the clinical bonding procedures of PEKK prosthesis. Methods: Forty-four PEKK specimens were prepared and randomly divided into four groups: group A was the control group, which was only polished with abrasive papers, group B, group C and group D were experimental groups, which were etched by 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 5 s, 30 s and 60 s, respectively. In addition, one sample was randomly selected from each group, and the profile was prepared by a slow cutting machine. The surface morphology of the profile was observed under SEM. After the four groups of specimens and dentin were bonded by resin, they were soaked in distilled water at 37 ℃ for 24 h. After the shear bonding strengths were measured, the fracture interfaces of the specimens were examined by the scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy, and failure models of bonding were analyzed. Results: After acid etching treatments, the cross-sectional images in group B presented uniform spongy shapes, while the cross-sectional images in group C and group D showed destructive pore structures. The shear bond strengths of group B (16.84 ± 1.84) MPa, group C (12.33 ± 1.22) MPa and group D (6.44 ± 1.18) MPa were higher than that of group A (3.99 ± 1.06) MPa (P < 0.05). The highest shear bond strength was observed in group B (16.84 ± 1.84) MPa. Conclusion The surface treatment of 98% sulfuric acid etching for 5 s manifested the best bond strength between PEKK and dentin.