OBJECTIVE:To study the HPLC fingerprint profiles of crude and processed Semen Cassiae so as to provide basis for the establishment of chromatographic fingerprint of Semen Cassiae.METHODS: The samples of Semen Cassiae were hydrolyzed in the 1.5 mol?L-1 hydrochloride acid and then reflux extracted with chloroform.The HPLC analysis was run in gradient elution.The whole information of single-wavelength chromatographic fingerprint,two-dimension information data at full wavelength 220 nm～550 nm and the data of 18 fingerprint peaks compared with chrysophanol were treated by cluster analysis.RESULTS:It was observed that the contents of several chemical components were higher in the crude or processed Semen Cassiae than in chrysophanol.There were differences between the crude and the processed Semen Cassiae in HPLC fingerprint profiles though they were of good similarity.CONCLUSION: The HPLC fingerprints of liposoluble constituents were obtained with good resolution under the experimental chromatographic system.Three pure chromatographic peaks of chrysophanol,emodin and physcion have been identified.More reliable cluster result can be obtained from two-dimension information data at full wavelength 220 nm～550 nm than from the whole information of single-wavelength chromatographic fingerprint or from the information of chromatographic fingerprint of characteristic peaks.

Objective To study the growth inhibitory effect of chemotherapeutic drugs on the pancreatic cancer cell line Aspc-1 and Bxpc-3, and the relations to the varied concentration and exposere time of chemotherapeutic drugs administrated in single or in combination. Methods Four chemotherapeutic drugs included 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), epirubicin (E-ADM), mitomycin(MMC) or cisplatin (DDP) administrating in single or in combination and using varied concentrations(d1、d2、d3 and d4) and exposure times(24、28 and 72 hours); and then the growth inhibitory effect on the two cell lines. resulted from these drugs were assayed by MTT colorimetry and analysed by “ t ” test. Results The growth inhibitory rate of two cell lines was increased, with the increment of drug concentration and/or the prolongation of exposure time ( P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the principle and basis about the chromatographic fingerprint peak matching of Semen Cassiae by the asymptotic window orthogonal projection analytical method.

METHODThe samples of Semen Cassiae were hydrolyzed in the 1.5 mol x L(-1) hydrochloride acid and then reflux extracted with chloroform. The chromatographic condition was that the HPLC was run on Agilent 1100 column, Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm). The protected column was Scienhome C18 column (3.0 mm x 20 mm, 5 microm) with acetonitrile-water (0.1% phosphoric acid) as mobile phase in gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength and reference wavelength were 278 nm and 550 nm, respectively.

RESULTThe characteristic fingerprint collection of illustrative plates of Semen Cassiae were obtained with different HPLC instruments and chromatographic columns. And the asymptotic window orthogonal projection analytical method was used to decide the chromatographic fingerprint peak matching of Semen Cassiae, promptly and prapidly.

CONCLUSIONThe asymptotic window orthogonal projection analytical method can progress the matching of different fingerprint collection of illustrative plates peak matching well and truly.

COVID-19 ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Technology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the target, signaling pathways and their biological functions of Decoction in the treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. METHODS: The active components and target proteins in 21 drugs such as and in decoction were analyzed, and the signaling pathways and biological functions of the target proteins common with COVID-19 were screened by using TCMSP, Swiss Target Prediction, CooLGeN, GeneCards, DAVID and other databases. The network diagram of decoction was constructed using Gephi software. RESULTS: We identified 163 active ingredients, including MOL004798, MOL000519, MOL004824, MOL000554, MOL010428, and MOL013443, from 18 drugs in decoction (such as , , , , and ). These ingredients activate renin-angiotensin system signaling pathway and apoptosis signaling pathway by regulating 10 protein targets (ACE, ACE2, AGTR1, FURIN, TNF, CASP3, CASP6, DPP4, MCL1 and POLD1) to execute 42 biological functions such as renin-angiotensin regulation of blood volume and systemic arterial blood pressure to treat COVID-19. The results of preliminary molecular docking showed that MOL000519 (from ), MOL000554 (from ), MOL004798 (from ), MOL004824 (from ), MOL010428 (from ), and MOL013443 (from ) had good affinity with SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase to form complexes with stable conformations and high binding activity (binding energy ≤- 5 kJ/mol). CONCLUSIONS decoction can treat COVID-19 through its multiple medicinal ingredients that have multiple targets and involve multiple signaling pathways for different biological functions. Our finding provides reference for further investigation into the pharmacological mechanism of decoction in treating COVID-19.
Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVE: To study the plasma concentration and pharmacokinetics of 3, 29-Dibenzoyl Karounitriol (3, 29-DK) from sustained- release pellets and extracts of Trichosanthes at different time points in rats using high-performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). METHODS: Healthy male SD rats were given a single gavage of Trichosanthes sustained-release pellets or Trichosanthes extract, and orbital blood samples were taken at different time points within 48 h after drug administration in the pellet group and within 5 h in Trichosanthes extract group for determination of the plasma concentrations of 3, 29-DK using LC-MS/MS. The standard curve of 3, 29-DK content was established, and the specificity, minimum detection limit, precision and accuracy, extraction recovery, stability and matrix effect of LC-MS/MS analysis were assessed. The mean plasms levels of 3, 29-DK at different time points after the drug administration were determined and its pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using Das 2.0 software. RESULTS: LC-MS/MS analysis showed a good linearity of 3, 29-DK concentration within the range of 0.5-32 ng/mL, and the results of methodological validation confirmed the validity of this method for biological sample determination. Trichosanthes sustained-release pellets and Trichosanthes extract showed significant differences in their AUC, AUC, MRT, MRT, t and T of 3, 29-DK after administration in rats ( < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Trichosanthes sustained-release pellets are capable of sustained-release of 3, 29-DK in rats, and thus provides a basis for the study of new dosage forms of Trichosanthes.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Trichosanthes

Infective endocarditis is a microbial infection of the endocardium and can easily affect heart valve.Its characteristic lesion is vegetation formation,and the shedding of vegetation results in arterial embolism and ischemic necrosis of corresponding tissues and organs.A case of infective endocarditis with multiple extracardiac complications was described in this article.The characteristic ultrasound finding was the vegetation formation in anterior mitral valve.CT and MRI scans revealed involvements in multiple organs and blood vessels,which were manifested as splenic infarction,renal infarction,cerebral infarction,splenic aneurysm,superior mesenteric artery aneurysms,renal artery aneurysms,and distal segment stenosis and occlusion of right middle cerebral artery.
Embolism ; Endocarditis ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Humans ; Infarction ; Mitral Valve

OBJECTIVE: To study the plasma concentration and pharmacokinetics of 3, 29-Dibenzoyl Karounitriol (3, 29-DK) from sustained- release pellets and extracts of Trichosanthes at different time points in rats using high-performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). METHODS: Healthy male SD rats were given a single gavage of Trichosanthes sustained-release pellets or Trichosanthes extract, and orbital blood samples were taken at different time points within 48 h after drug administration in the pellet group and within 5 h in Trichosanthes extract group for determination of the plasma concentrations of 3, 29-DK using LC-MS/MS. The standard curve of 3, 29-DK content was established, and the specificity, minimum detection limit, precision and accuracy, extraction recovery, stability and matrix effect of LC-MS/MS analysis were assessed. The mean plasms levels of 3, 29-DK at different time points after the drug administration were determined and its pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using Das 2.0 software. RESULTS: LC-MS/MS analysis showed a good linearity of 3, 29-DK concentration within the range of 0.5-32 ng/mL, and the results of methodological validation confirmed the validity of this method for biological sample determination. Trichosanthes sustained-release pellets and Trichosanthes extract showed significant differences in their AUC, AUC, MRT, MRT, t and T of 3, 29-DK after administration in rats ( < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Trichosanthes sustained-release pellets are capable of sustained-release of 3, 29-DK in rats, and thus provides a basis for the study of new dosage forms of Trichosanthes.
Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Benzoates ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Trichosanthes ; chemistry

To evaluate the effect of monochromatic energy image on inferior vena cava imaging quality on dual-layer detector spectral CT. Totally 39 patients who were clinically suspected of abdominal disease and referred to perform contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)were prospectively enrolled and underwent abdominal examination using a single-source,dual-detector spectral CT.The delayed phase scan was performed 3 minutes after injection of 60 ml of iopamidol(320 mg/ml)at a rate of 3 ml/s.The raw images were reconstructed to obtain conventional mixed energy images and spectral based images(SBI).The 40,50,60,and 70 keV single energy images were obtained.The CT value,noise,and signal-to-noise(SNR)of inferior vena cava and the contrast-to-noise(CNR)of inferior vena cava relative to psoas major on conventional mixed energy images and the 40,50,60,70 keV single energy images were measured.The SNRs and CNRs on monoenergetic 40-70 keV images were compared with polychromatic 120 kVp images.ANOVA was used to compare the CT value,noise,SNR,and CNR among these five groups.The optimal monoenergetic image set was chosen. The differences in CT value,noise,SNR,CNR of inferior vena cava were statistically significant among five groups(all <0.05).The SNR and CNR in 40 keV group and 50 keV group were significantly higher than those in other groups(all <0.05).The SNR of 40 keV group was significantly higher than that of 50 keV group(=0.002).The CNR of 40 keV group was not statistical different compared with that of 50 keV group(=0.630). 40 keV is the optimal monoenergetic energy level for the inferior vena cava on dual-layer detector spectral CT and may be valuable for the diagnosis of inferior vena cava disease.
Abdomen ; Humans ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vena Cava, Inferior

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the spectrum-effect relationship between the total anthraquinone extract of Cassia seeds and fluorouracil (5-Fu)-induced liver injury in mice and identify the effective components in the extract. METHODS: A mouse model of liver injury was established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fu, with bifendate as the positive control. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver tissue were detected to investigate the effect of the total anthraquinone extract of Cassia seeds (0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 g/kg) on liver injury induced by 5-Fu. HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of the total anthraquinone extracts were established to analyze the spectrum- effectiveness of the extract against 5- Fu- induced liver injury in mice and screen the effective components using the grey correlation method. RESULTS: The 5- Fu- treated mice showed significant differences in liver function parameters from the normal control mice (P < 0.05), suggesting successful modelling. Compared with those in the model group, serum ALT and AST activities were decreased, SOD and T- AOC activities significantly increased, and MPO level was significantly lowered in the mice treated with the total anthraquinone extract (all P < 0.05). HPLC fingerprints of the 31 components in the total anthraquinone extract of Cassia seeds showed good correlations with the potency index of 5-Fu-induced liver injury but with varying correlation strengths. The top 15 components with known correlations included aurantio-obtusina (peak 6), rhein (peak 11), emodin (peak 22), chrysophanol (peak 29) and physcion (peak 30). CONCLUSION The effective components in the total anthraquinone extract of Cassia seeds, including aurantio-obtusina, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion, are coordinated to produce protective effects against 5-Fu-induced liver injury in mice.
Animals ; Mice ; Emodin ; Cassia ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic ; Anthraquinones ; Antioxidants ; Fluorouracil/adverse effects* ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology*