Objective To provide reference basis for HIV and syphilis prevention and control work by surveying the in-fectious status of HIV and syphilis of the Cangnan County migrant workers. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted on the migrant workers over the age of 18 , and their serum samples were collected , and tested for syphilis and HIV antibody. Results One case with positive HIV antibody was detected , and the infection rate of syphilis was 1.38%;Syphilis infection rates in different sectors of migrant workers had significant difference (χ2=7.06, P<0.05);The cognitions of the transmitted way on HIV and syphilis in different sectors of migrant workers had significant differences (χ2=125.10,P<0.01). Conclusion The risk of HIV and syphilis infection exists in Cangnan County migrant workers, prevention work and health education should be worthy of attention.