Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Teratoma ; pathology

OBJECTIVE To study the drug-resistant diversity of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from inpatients during recent five years.METHODS A total of 1 464 Gram-negative bacilli isolated were detected and retrospectively analyzed from 1999 to 2003.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS The resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to piperacillin rised from 17.6% of 1999 to 79.2% of 2003,and that to ciprofloxacin rised from 4.3% of 1999 to 36.0% of 2003.The resistance of Escherichia coli to quinolones was above 50%,while to third-generation cephalosporins was 30-40%;the resistance of E.coli to piperacillin rised from 42.9% of 1999 to 68.9% of 2003,and that to ciprofloxacin rised from 40.0% of 1999 to 73.5% of 2003.The resistance of Acinetobacter to piperacillin rised from 31.2% of 1999 to 67.5% of 2003,and that to ceftriaxone rised from 36.0% of 1999 to 74.1% of 2003.The resistance of Serratia to ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,gentamicin,amikacin and piperacillin rised sharply.Imipenem was the most active antibiotic tested against Gram-negative bacilli.Cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam also showed excellent activity against Gram-negative bacilli.CONCLUSIONS During recent five years,the resistance of the most common Gram-negative bacilli has increased rapidly.How to delay the resistance development of common strains become a global problem.

Objective To study the effect and its possible mechanism of p66shc on endothelial dysfunction induced by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2).Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used and cultured.H UVEC cells were untreated(control group)or treated with four groups of H2O2,H2O2 plus protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors,H2O2 plus PKC activator,H2O2 plus P38 inhibitor for 30 minutes respectively,and cells were collected after 24 hours.The apoptosis,viability,proliferation of HUVEC were detected with immune fluorescent staining,MTT and Ki-67 respectively.P66shc and ser36 p66shc (p-p66shc)protein expressions were assessed using Western blotting.P66shc mRNA expression was measured with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results H2O2 induced HUVEC dysfunction which decreased HUVEC proliferation and increased the apoptosis of HUVEC.The expressions of p66shc,p-p66shc protein and p66shc mRNA were significantly increased after treating with H2O2.PKC inhibitor inhibited a H2O2 induced HUVEC dysfunction through increasing HUVEC proliferation activity and reducing cell apoptosis.The expressions of p66shc,p-p66shc protein and p66shc mRNA were significantly decreased after treating with H2O2 plus PKC inhibitor.PKC activator enhanced H2O2-induced HUVEC dysfunction and increased the expressions of p66shc.P38 inhibitor had no obvious effect on H2O2-induced HUVEC dysfunction and the expressions of p66shc.Conclusions p66shc may play an important regulatory rote in endothelial dysfunction caused by H2O2.P66shc may regulate a H2O2-induced endothelial dysfunction through PKC signal pathway.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of nutrition package on the nutritional status and prevalence of children in rural areas of Hainan Province, and provide scientific basis and suggestions for further improving the nutritional and health status of children in this region. Methods　Four cities and counties were randomly selected as the intervention group, and four cities and counties matched with the intervention group in terms of population, economy, social culture, maternal and child health work foundation of township health centers, physical nutrition and health status were selected as the control group.With the combination of monitoring and prospective cohort study, infants in the intervention group and the control group were studied from June 1, 2020, and they were intervened for 12 months with supplementary food nutrition package. Before and after intervention, the nutrition and health status of infants aged 6-24 months in the intervention group and the control group were investigated to evaluate the nutritional and health effects of supplementary food nutrition package for infants aged 6-24 months in rural Hainan Province. Results　A total of 999 infants were investigated, including 427 in the intervention group and 572 in the control group. After 12 months of nutritional intervention, there was no significant difference in weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) and height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of emaciation of the intervention group was 1.64%, which was significantly lower than 3.67% of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rate of growth retardation (2.81% and 3.32%, respectively) and underweight (0.47% and 1.92%, respectively) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of respiratory infection and diarrhea in the intervention group were 9.13% and 1.17%, which were significantly lower than corresponding 23.25% and 3.15% in the control group (P<0.05). The hemoglobin of the intervention group and the control group were 117.24 g/L and 114.51 g/L respectively, and the rates of anemia were 11.11% and 22.84% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions　The intervention of nutrition package in rural areas of Hainan Province has achieved the expected results, and supplementary food nutrition package has reduced the incidence of malnutrition and respiratory infection and diarrhea in recent two weeks in infants and anemia to a certain extent. We should attach great importance to the supplementary nutrition package for right-age children and promote the growth and health of children in rural areas through supplementary nutrition package, and continuously improve the nutrition and health level of children in Hainan Province.

AIM: To explore the characteristic of relaxation of porcine cornea after LASIKMETHODS: Usual LASIK was performed on fresh porcine corneas with stable intraoculer pressure (IOP) maintained through optic nerve irrigation. The ablation depth on stroma is 30%, 50% and 70% respectively. Then the dumbbell-shaped corneal strip specimens were cut and stored in 20% Human Albumin solution for use (4℃).Sip up the Albumin solution on specimens, and fixed them on homemade jig. Stress relaxation tests were erformed on Tytron250 Dynamics Experiment System. the loading speed was 385mm/min,extending ratewas 1.5, and relaxation time was 1 000s. The data werecollected electronically and automatically.RESULTS: In LASIK procedure, though a single flap-cutting can cause a little reduction of corneal stress relaxation (P＜0.05,P=0.49), the cornea may still remain its property of visco-elasticity. When ablation depth was 30% or more, corneal stress relaxation decreased to almost one half (P＜0.01).The change of corneal stress relaxation degree in vertical meridian specimen was lower than that in horizontal specimen, especially when ablation depth was 70%, and it's statistically significant (P＜0.001). In LASIK operation, the more depth the ablation, the more reduce the stress relaxation degree, and it's easy to cause deformation and creep deformation.CONCLUSION: The changes of the stress relaxation in verticai and longitudinal meridian specimens are similar, and slightly obvious in longitudinal specimen, especially in 70%ablation group.

AIM: To investigate the clinical effect for treating bullous keratopathy ( BK ) by anterior corneal stromal acupuncture combined with amniotic membrane transplantation.
METHODS: Totally 35 patients ( 35 eyes ) with bullous keratopathy were treated by corneal stromal acupuncture combined with amniotic membrane transplantation. All patients preoperative and postoperative underwent anterior segment OCT, corneal topography, corneal sensitivity and confocal microscopy. To observe postoperative ocular symptoms in patients with BK, recurrence of bulla, changes in corneal thickness, corneal sensitivity and changes in the organizational structure of the layers of the cornea.
RESULTS: Thirty-five were followed up for 6-18mo. The symptom of pain disappeared in 32 cases ( 91%) in the first day after operation and did not recur during follow-up. The symptom of pain relieved in 3 cases (9%) in the first day after operation and disappeared in 3 days. Corneal epithelium of 9 cases ( 26%) were all healed within 1wk, 21 cases (60%) were all healed within 2wk, and 5 cases (14%) were all healed within 3wk. Following up for 6-18mo, there was no recurrence of symptoms or bulla. A small amount of tiny bubbles in the surrounding area appeared in 2 cases after 3 and 4wk. All patients had no neovascularization, and had smooth corneal surface. The amnions of 30 cases (86%) were thinning after 2mo, partially dissolved and absorped, not seen with the naked eye after 3mo. Thirty-four cases (97%) had no changes in vision, one case (3%) was from the light to front of the manual. After 2mo, corneal sensation decreased in 30 cases ( 86%) , corneal thickness increased from preoperative 788±35μm to 940±43μm. After 12mo, corneal thickness increased to 1060±27μm. Results of confocal microscopy: after 3mo, the number density of the trigeminal nerve fibers under corneal basement membrane reduced, shallow stromal cells became into fibrotic stroma, deep stroma was more loose, and cells swelled significantly. The number of endothelial cells reduced and form swelled more obviously compared with preoperatively.
CONCLUSION: Corneal acupuncture combined with amniotic membrane transplantation can effectively control the symptoms of BK, prevent the recurrence of BK, and especially it is a simple, safe and practical way for patients with poor visual function.

Objective To review the surgical managements of patients with traumatic false aneu- rysms in the extremities.Methods From January 1990 to April 2006,17 patients with traumatic false aneurysms in the extremities were admitted into our hospital.Fourteen patients were treated by vascular repair including vascular repair in seven cases,end to end anastomosis in one,synthetic grafting in one, autogenous vein grafting in one,and direct ligation in four.Three patients were treated nonoperatively, but with local compressive dressing.Results There were no deaths or gangrenes in all cases.The clinical manifestations vanished after the treatment.The mean follow-up period was 13.2 months.The function of the injured extremities recovered satisfactorily.Conclusion Different types of traumatic false aneurysms should be managed by different therapeutic procedures after the diagnoses is made.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanisms of recipient-derived immature dendritic cells(imDC) transfected with IKK2dn and loaded with donor antigen on renal allografts survival in the rats.Methods DC were cultured from recipient rats'(Lewis) bone marrow,transfected with IKK2dn and loaded with donor antigen.The expression of CD86 and MHC Ⅱ was detected,and the ability of DC stimulating lymphocyte proliferation in vitro was measured.Male Brown Norwav rats and Lewis rats were used as donors and recipients respectively.Four groups were set up(DC group,empty transfection group,transfection group and control group),receiving 1×10~7 DC,Adv-0-DC,Adv-IKK2dn-DC loaded with BN antigen,and equal volume of normal saline,respectivelv 7 davs before transplantation.In the third party donor-group,Wistar rats as donors were treated the same as DC;group before transplantation.After transplantation,the T lymphocyte proliferation in reciPients was measured and the expression of serum IL-2 and IFN-γ was detected.The survival time of recipients and the acute reiection were observed.Pathological changes were examined tO identify the grade of rejection.Results DC assessment in vivo revealed that the transfected DC could still express CD86 and MHC Ⅱ in a low level as compared with those not transfected with IKK2dn. After DC were loaded with donor's antigen,the expression of CD86 and MHC Ⅱ was up-regulated.After DC were transfected with IKK2dn before loaded with donor's antigen, the expression of CD86 and MHC Ⅱ had no significant change. When DC were loaded with donor's antigen, its allostimulatory activity of T lymphocyte proliferation was enhanced (P<0. 05). When DC were transfected with IKK2dn before loaded with donor's antigen, its allostimulatory activity of T lymphocyte proliferation was not enhanced. Compared with control groups, IKK2dn-transfected DC pulsed with BN splenocyte lysate markedly prolonged the survival of renal allografts (26. 8±1.76d, P<0.01), and elicited markedly lower proliferative responses and reduced IL-2 and IFN-γ production. The pathological grade of rejection was low in the transfection group. Conclusion Recipient-derived imDC transfected with IKK2dn and loaded with donor splenocyte lysate could prolong the renal allograft survival in rats probably by down-regulating the expression of DC costimulatory molecules and inhibiting the T_H 1 cytokine production.

AIM To investigate the effect of fenofibrate and simvastatin on the serum free fatty acids of alcoholic fatty liver in rats. METHODS The rat model of alcoholic fatty liver was reproduced by chronic ethanol ingestion plus olive oil diet. The model rats were divided into three groups as follows: finofibrate treatment group(finofibrate 80 mg?kg -1 po, once a day),simvastatin treatment group (simvastatin 4 mg?kg -1 po, once a day)and control group without either above-mentioned treatment. Experimental rats were treated for four weeks and then sacrificed for blood sampling. Serum free fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. RESULTS Fenofibrate significantly ameliorated the decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids induced by ethanol [oleic acid:(38.212?7.788) ?g?L -1 vs (31.620?6.142) ?g?L -1,linoleic acid:(37.269?8.065) ?g?L -1 vs (30.254?9.063) ?g?L -1,arachidonic acid:(11.646?2.601) ?g?L -1 vs (9.012?1.236) ?g?L -1] accompanied by the improvement of the fat infiltration of the liver, but demonstrated no effect on the increase in serum saturated fatty acids by ethanol. In the contrast, simvastatin can aggravate the decrease in polyunsatrurated fatty acids and significantly increase the levels of satrurated fatty acids in serum induced by ethanol along with the pathological aggravation of alcoholic fatty liver. CONCLUSION The results of present study revealed that fenofibrate and simvastatin exerted different effect on the serum free fatty acids of alcoholic fatty liver. Polyunsatrurated fatty acids in the serum play an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment response of alcoholic fatty liver.

Objective: To analyze characteristics of serious adverse drug reaction from Qingdao and provide reference for clinical applications. Methods: 1 130 reports collected by Qingdao Center for ADR Monitoring in 2016 were analyzed using retrospective study method. Results: The antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine injection and antitumor drug caused the higher proportion of serious adverse drug reaction.Injection was the main way for administration, which induced 73.45% of serious adverse drug reaction.65.00% cases with allergic shock occurred within 10min.Levofloxacin lactate injection caused the highest proportion of serious adverse drug reaction, Danhong injection caused the highest proportion of allergic shock reaction, Reduning injection caused the highest proportion of serious adverse drug reaction in children. Conclusion Safety monitoring for antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine injection and antitumor drug should be further strengthened, including children adverse reactions.