Adult ; Brain Abscess ; Cholesteatoma ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery

Objective: To establish an optimized method for extracting DNA from Chinese patent medicine (CPM) and health-care products and assuring the quality of DNA for successful molecular identification in ginseng preparations. Methods: Commonly-used pharmaceutical excipients, such as starch, sucrose, and glucose in CPM and health-care products were employed to discover the potential cause of low quality of DNA extraction in classic CTAB method. Methanol was used to precipitate and purify the DNA extracted with the classic CTAB method in order to improve the quality and quantity of DNA thus extracted. Finally, thus extracted DNA was employed to conduct the molecular identification of CPM and health-care products with ginseng herbs and validate the optimized method. Results: Starch in CPM and health-care products may react with CTAB and thus form a high polar complex that is insoluble in 70% ethanol but can strongly dissolve DNA, resulting a very low DNA extraction rate in classic CTAB method. Methanol is able to dissolve the high polar complex and thus the application of 70% methanol and NaAc solution guaranteed the successful extraction of DNA with high quality and quantity from CPM and health-care products. With the optimized CTAB method, the DNA samples of 11 kinds of CPM and health-care products containing ginseng or American ginseng were extracted and applied for molecular identification with MAS-PCR method. The results showed that the identified herb complied with the label description in eight samples, but did not in three samples, in which one would be adulteration and two would be counterfeits. Conclusion: Application of 70% methanol as a purification and precipitation reagent in classic CTAB method effectively overcome the negative influence of starch contained in Chinese herbal preparations to DNA extraction and can make the DNA molecular identification of Chinese herbal preparations successful.

Adult ; Aluminum Silicates ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Quartz ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Silicosis ; epidemiology ; mortality

Objective To study an improved automated method for isolation and purification of large amounts of human pancreatic islets from large mammals,and try to create conditions for preparation and isolation of large amounts of human islets.Methods An improved automated system was used to isolate and purify panreatic islets of sogs.Under the general anaesthesia(GA) condition,the pancreas of the dogs was via in situ vascular perfused using cold HC-A solution and then removed en bloc with duodenum and spleen.Then they were placed in cold UW aolutian.Intraductal collagenase-Ⅴ and pefabloc(4 ℃) was delivered with controlled perfusion.lslets were dissociated in system of Ricordi Chamber and purified islets separated with Ficoll density gradient centrifugation under controlled temperature.Digestion time,islets remaining trapped in exocrine tissue,final islet purity,insulin and C-pep secretory activity,and islet recovery were observed.The purified islets were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope after 24 h culture.Results The digestion time rate was(25.0?6.0) min,islets remaining trapped in exocrine tissue was(9.4?2.4)%,final islet purify rate was(89.7?3.5)%,islet recovery after digestion was(17.2?3.6)?104 IEQ/pancreas.Islet recovery after purification was(8.3?2.0)?104IEQ/pancreas.Insulin and C-pep secretory activity of the purified islets and their ultrastructure after 24 h culture were ideal.Conclusions Our improved automated method and facilities for isolation of canine pancreatic islets are reliable,The morphology and function of the procured islets are excellent and they can foreseeably be used for large-scale preparation of huma islets for clinical use.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of allicin on the changes of hemorheology in focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

METHODMiddle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used to make focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model by intravascular nylon filament occlusion. The protective effects of allicin at different doses were evaluated by investigating neurological function score, infarction volume and water content of brain. The changes of blood rheology were detected.

RESULTCompared with model group, allicin (15, 25 mg x kg(-1)) increased the neurological function score and decreased the water content and infarction volume of brain in rats. Allicin (15, 25 mg x kg(-1)) inhibited the increasing of the blood viscosity, high shear rate reduced viscosity, high shear relative reduced viscosity and low shear relative reduced viscosity.

CONCLUSIONAllicin has protective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries. The mechanism may be related to inhibit the increasing of hemorheology.

Animals ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Garlic ; chemistry ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; complications ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; blood ; etiology ; pathology ; Sulfinic Acids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

The average life expectancy in Macau is ranking the second in the world, the consumption of fresh medicinal plants is a profound culture in Macau. The paper focus on the distribution of the antioxidant herbs, a comprehensive investigation and analysis the amount of the plant resources was carried out. The antioxidant activity of alcohol extracts was determined by using the DPPH method, and six kinds fresh herbs with high antioxidant free radical activity were screened out. Reference to adult daily dose of vitamin C, it is calculated that the daily dose amount of fresh herbs is less than 200 g. For the expected shortage of resources and the ecological status of Macau, we give some suggestions of herbal introduction in population ecology reconstruction.
Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Ecosystem ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Macau ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of tibial bone-skin flap grafts in the management of se- vere traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg to avoid amputation.Methods From March 1998 to Aug.2004,12 cases of the traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg were treated with vascularized tibial bone-skin flap graft.The longest flap was 17cm,widethest 10cm, The longest bone flap was 12cm.They were followed up for 0.6 to 5 years.Results All the tibial bone-skin flaps survived completely,2 cases of osteomyelitis recurred.The followed-up,from 0.5 to five years,showed good bone union in all cases,averageing 15 weeks.The infection was under control.The leg function and con- tour were satisfactory.Conclusion The tibial bone-skin flap has the advantages of having distinguished sign of anatomy,highly vascularized,easy to obtain,simply and flexible procedure,improving circulation,short- ens hospitalization and suitable for treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis complicated with bone and skin defect in leg.

The infant (a girl aged 6 months) was admitted to the hospital because of oliguria and acute renal dysfunction. The laboratory examination results showed serious metabolic acidosis and increased blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. The patient continued to be anuric after 10 days of treatment with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). she died a day later. The family history showed that the patient's sister died of acute renal failure 6 months after birth. The genomic sequencing results showed AGXT mutation in the patient and confirmed the diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1). Her parents were heterozygous carriers. PH1 should be considered when the children have abnormal renal function or recurrent renal calculi or have a family history of these symptoms. AGXT gene analysis is an important method for PH1 diagnosis.
Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperoxaluria, Primary ; complications ; Infant ; Mutation ; Oliguria ; etiology ; Transaminases ; genetics

A boy aged 11 years was admitted due to intermittent weakness and difficulty in walking for 6 years, and hepatomegaly, glycopenia and unconsciousness for 4 years. The laboratory examinations showed severe metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and abnormal liver function. CT scan showed marked liver enlargement with fat density shadow. The boy was given fluid infusion, correction of acidosis, intravenous injection of glucose, L-carnitine, compound vitamin B, and coenzyme Q10, but he was in a persistent coma and it was difficult to correct refractory metabolic acidosis and hypoglycemia. The boy died. Blood and urinary organic acid screening and gene detection confirmed that the boy had late-onset glutaric aciduria type II (GAIIc) caused by electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH) gene defect. GAIIc is an inherited metabolic disease with a low incidence, resulting in a high misdiagnosis rate. GAIIc should be considered for children with recurrent weakness or reduced activity endurance, hypoglycemia, and marked liver enlargement with abnormal liver function. Urinary organic acid analysis and blood tandem mass spectrometry can help with the early diagnosis of GAIIc, and ETFDH gene analysis helps to make a confirmed diagnosis.
Child ; Hepatomegaly ; etiology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; etiology ; Male ; Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Muscle Weakness ; etiology

Objective To investigate the clinical features of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)in patients with autoimmune diseases.Methods The data from 12 patients with autoimmune diseases who were hospitalized in Peking Union Medical College Hospital because of developing PCP were retrospectively reviewed.Clinical characteristics and T cell subsets in the peripheral blood were analyzed.Results The main clinical manifestations of these 12 patients were fever(12/12),cough(9/ 12),expectoration(9/12)and obvious dyspnea(12/12),which were progressive.Blood gas analysis presented with typeⅠrespiratory failure.Bilateral interstitial and alveolar infiltrates were observed in chest X-ray film.The counts of peripheral blood lymphocytes(0.44?0.31)?10~9/L,CD4~+ T-lymphocytes (0.120?0.079)?10~9/L and CD8~+ T-lymphocytes were(0.248?0.252)?10~9/L decreased significantly and the CD4/CD8 ratio reversed,which were significantly different from those of healthy person(P