Capillary Electrochromatography ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Hexanones ; urine ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure

Objective To analyze the effects of health risk factors on presenteeism in enterprise employees.Methods A hospital in Jinan of Shandong province and a publishing enterprise in Beijing were selected as target settings of this cross-sectional study. Questionnaire survey was carried out to collect information on demographic data,health condition and presenteeism,and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of health risk factors on labor-related presenteeism.Results Insufficient physical activity was found in 42％ percent of the participants,and those with heavy-loaded pressure,overweight or obesity,high blood pressure and unhealthy diet habit accounted for 46％,41％,40％ and 34％,respectively. Proportions of employees with presenteeism varied with age ( x2 =10.1665,P =0.0377),occupation ( x2 =35.3579,P ＜ 0.05 ) and education level ( x2 =50.5377,P ＜ 0.05 ).Female employees ( P =0.0323,OR =1.728,95％ CI 1.047 to 2.850),graduates ( P ＜ 0.05,OR =6.159,95％ CI 2.510 to 15.109),overweight or obesity individuals ( P =0.0076,OR =1.673,95％ CI 1.147 to 2.44) and adults with poor self-perception of health ( P =0.0049,OR =2.284,95％ CI 1.285 to 4.060)seemed to be more likely to be presenteeism.Conclusions Overweight or obesity and poor self-perception of health may be associated with labor-related presenteeism.

OBJECTIVETo observe a turning performance in the rats excited by using a proper electrical stimuli of the barrel cortex region (BC), and the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the BC regions after electoral stimulation.

METHODSSD rats were divided into three groups. The stimulation electrodes were surgically implanted into the bilateral BC regions in the control group and the experimental group rats. The experiment group post surgery for seven days was given the electrical impulses via connection with the electrodes for three times each day through consecutive three days. Three groups of the rats were killed and the brains were quickly removed for frozen sections and then performed with conventional HE and immunohistochemistry staining. And protein samples were prepared from brain and the hippocampus tissues of the three groups to detect the level of the ChAT protein by Western blot.

RESULTSThe experimental rats turn left or right when continuously stimulation in the bilateral BC regions with electric pulse. HE staining showed no significant damage around electrodes in the cerebral cortex. Compared with the control and blank groups, the ChAT positive rate in the brain section in the experimental rats was significantly high by immunohistochemistry assay; the level of the ChAT protein in the rats given the electrical stimulation increased.

CONCLUSIONTurnings performance of the rat could be initiated hy electrical stimuli in the BC region. Expression of ChAT is significantly higher in the BC regions of rat under electrical stimulation, suggesting that acetylcholine might be associated with signal transmission between senses and movement behavior in the nervous central system.

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Using whole cell patch clamp, the effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) on the current L-type calcium channel (I(Ca.L)) were observed in guinea pig isolated ventricular myocytes under simulated ischemia condition, which was realized through hypoxia, glucose deficiency, high lactic acid and acidosis. The results showed that, under the condition of simulated ischemia, the peak of I(Ca.L) was reduced with maximal activation potential at 0 mV. Administration of Ang II (100 nmol/L) enhanced the peak of I(Ca.L) during ischemia and shifted the maximal activation potential to -10 mV. The possible mechanism of these effects is discussed.
Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; Patch-Clamp Techniques

The experiments were carried out on guinea pig isolated ventricular myocytes by using whole-cell patch clamp. The effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) on potassium ion channels of acute ischemic myocytes were observed. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings showed that physiological potassium current, including delayed rectifier potassium current and inward rectifier potassium current were inhibited under the condition of simulated ischemia, and then further inhibited by treatment with Ang II. ATP-sensitive potassium currents were increased under simulated ischemia and were further enhanced by Ang II treatment.
Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; Potassium Channels ; drug effects ; physiology

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Blood Donors ; China ; HIV Infections ; Humans ; Prejudice ; Rural Population

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, neuroimaging, treatment, and outcome of stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome, and to propose diagnostic criteria for this disorder.

DATA SOURCESWe searched the PubMed database for articles in English published from 1995 to 2015 using the terms of "stroke-like AND migraine AND radiation." Reference lists of the identified articles and reviews were used to retrieve additional articles.

STUDY SELECTIONData and articles related to late-onset effects of cerebral radiation were selected and reviewed.

RESULTSSMART is a rare condition that involves complex migraines with focal neurologic deficits following cranial irradiation for central nervous system malignancies. The recovery, which ranges from hours to days to weeks, can be partial or complete. We propose the following diagnostic criteria for SMART: (1) Remote history of therapeutic external beam cranial irradiation for malignancy; (2) prolonged, reversible clinical manifestations mostly years after irradiation, which may include migraine, seizures, hemiparesis, hemisensory deficits, visuospatial defect, aphasia, confusion and so on; (3) reversible, transient, unilateral cortical gadolinium enhancement correlative abnormal T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery signal of the affected cerebral region; (4) eventual complete or partial recovery, the length of duration of recovery ranging from hours to days to weeks; (5) no evidence of residual or recurrent tumor; (6) not attributable to another disease. To date, no specific treatment has been identified for this syndrome.

CONCLUSIONSSMART is an extremely rare delayed complication of brain irradiation. However, improvements in cancer survival rates have resulted in a rise in its frequency. Hence, awareness and recognition of the syndrome is important to make a rapid diagnosis and avoid aggressive interventions such as brain biopsy and cerebral angiography.

Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Migraine Disorders ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Radiation Injuries ; complications ; diagnosis ; Stroke ; diagnosis

[ Objective] To discuss the characteristics of death among elderly people aged 60 years and above in Shanghai, who were classified into different age groups, and to provide a basis for making public health policy. [ Methods] On the basis of the data covering whole population death registry system in Shanghai, data on the elders aged 60-plus was collected and classified into 3 age groups according to WHO standards for descriptive analysis. [ Results] The crude death rate among the elders aged 60-plus in shanghai in 2014 was 3 001.76/105 ,accounting for 88.37%of the total mortality.The crude death rate of male was higher than that of female in each age group.The main causes of death in 60-74 age-group were cancer and coronary heart disease ( CHD) which had shorter course of disease with worse prognosis. The main causes of death in 75-89 age-group were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) which had longer course.The main causes of death in 90-pluse group included functional degradation and accidental fall, apart from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and COPD.And 54.35%of the elders aged 60-plus died in hospital, while 34.12%at home,and 6.63%at nursing home.The proportion of death at home was higher in non-central urban area than in central urban area.And the proportion of death in hospital decreased with increasing age. [ Conclusion] The proportion of the elderly death was large in total mortality.As the characteristics of death varied in different age groups, government should adopt different prevention and control measures.Rational allocation of medical and rehabilitation resources, as well as terminal care, need more attention and exploration by all institutions concerned.

Objective　In a RCT study, the safety and efficacy of sabot (a slow-release salbuteral) and volmax (controlled-release salbuterol) were compared in bronchial asthma. Methods　40 patients with moderate to severe asthma were randomly divided into two groups and treated by sabot or volmax for 2 weeks. The FEV1%, peak expiratory flow (PEF), symptom score and use of rescue ventolin were measured to evaluate the effect of treatment. Results　After treatment FEV1%, PEF and symptom score improved and the need for inhaling short-acting beta 2-agonis in both groups reduced significantly. There was no difference of these improvement between two groups. Conclusion　The safety and efficacy of sabot for treatment of asthma was similar to volmax.

OBJECTIVETo study the epidemiological and clinical features of the mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) that occurred in a single class of a kindergarten in Beijing in July 2006.

METHODSThe environment and the attendance record of the kindergarten from the beginning of August 2005 to the end of July 2006 were investigated, and the sick status of the children absent for illness were interviewed by face to face or telephone through their parents. The disease data of the in-patient children with MPP were collected through questionnaires and analyzed. Serological screening for MP was performed with the Serodia Myco II gelatin particle agglutination test (Fujirebio, Japan).

RESULTSIn mid-July 2006, in a day-care kindergarten with 3 grade classes, 3 out of 25 six-year-old children in the top class were hospitalized within 4 days and diagnosed as MPP. A total of 8 children had the symptoms of fever and cough during late May and mid-July in 2006, 5 children conduct chest radiographs and all had pneumonia, all these five children showed antibody positive for MP, 3 of them showed a more than 4-fold increase in antibody titer to MP in serum. There were no pneumoniae cases in the other two classes during the same period, and no pneumoniae cases happened among the teachers in the top class and the parents of the 5 pneumoniae children. All the children were moved to this classroom temporarily with limited ventilation and sunshine in March 2006. After improvement of the ventilation in the classroom, no additional pneumoniae cases occurred in the top class till the early September 2006. The 5 MPP children showed neither sneeze and nasal obstruction, nor skin rash, earache and any other extrapulmonary complication, and their peripheral white blood cell count was in the normal range (3.9 - 7.7) x 10(9).

CONCLUSIONThe MPP outbreak in a kindergarten was caused by poor ventilation of the temporary classroom. MP infection in children is liable to cause pneumonia.

Child ; Child Day Care Centers ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; epidemiology