Objective:To establish a method for the determination of omeprazole delayed release capsules and investigate the be-havior of reference preparations to provide experimental basis for generic drugs quality consistency evaluation. Methods:According to the first dissolution method (basket method) stated in 0. 931 of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2015 edition), the type of release media, solu-bility and stability of omeprazole in different media, effect of different treatment methods on the drug adsorption in the solution, differ-ent rotation speed and the methodology of ultraviolet spectrophotometry were investigated. Results:The rotation speed was 75 r·min-1 with the dissolution medium volume of 900 ml. The dissolution profiles of omeprazole delayed release capsules in three different media ( pH 6. 0 phosphate buffer, pH 6. 8 phosphate buffer and water containing 3% Tween-80) were determined with online filteration. The solubility of omeprazole in the different media was 0. 123, 0. 078 and 0. 275 mg·ml-1 , respectively. The results showed that ome-prazole was degraded 44%, 8% and 14% in 2 h in the above three release media, and degraded up to 43% in 6 h in water containing 3% Tween-80. The linear of omeprazole was 0. 209 4-20. 94, 0. 204 8-20. 48 and 0. 2016-20. 16 μg·ml-1 with the average recovery of 99.3% (RSD=0.7%,n=12), 99.7% (RSD=0.9%,n=12) and 99.5% (RSD=0.6%,n=12) respectively in the three media. Conclusion:The method is accurate and reliable, which can be used to study the quality consistency of omeprazole delayed re-lease capsules.

Objective To understand the pattern of children injuries treated in hospitals and to provide evidence for its further prevention and control. Methods Data of children cases was descriptively analyzed from the Chinese National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), from 2006 to 2008. Results The incidence rates of boys were twice (2.22,2.15,2.15 ) higher than girls. About one half (50.74% ,49.75% ,49.75%) of them were 5-14 year of age. The main causes were falls (44.14%,45.68%, 47.15% ), RTIs (15.71%, 14.46%, 13.79% ), and blunt force injuries (13.20%, 12.92%,12.40% ). Main locations where the injuries happened were at home (34.96%, 36.86%, 38.84% ),school and public places (24.72%, 19.80%,21.19%) ,and road/street (21.21%, 19.63%, 19.33%). The major injured body parts were head (34.88%, 35.84%, 37.07% ), upper limbs (28.00%, 28.21%,27.81% ) and lower limbs (21.86%, 21.49%, 21.31% ). The majority cases were unintentional (93.01%, 92.66%, 90.58% ), minor (78.50%, 81.20%, 81.52% ) injuries, treated and discharged (82.37%, 85.19%, 84.84% ). There were considerable differences in the distributions of causes,locations, injured body parts, and other contexts depending on age. Conclusion The pattern of children' s injury would include causes, places and other characteristics treated at hospitals from NISS and was related to the age of the injured child which was quite different from the spectrum of death caused by injury. NISS acts as an important source of information on children's injury in China, and can contribute to the prevention and control program on children' s injury.

Objective To study the preventive strategies through analyzing the poisoning cases from the National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), from 2006 to 2008. Methods Data of poisoning cases was descriptively analyzed from Chinese NISS, from 2006 to 2008. Results The proportion of poisoning cases to all injuries cases from NISS were 2.57%, 2.48% and 2.52% from 2006 to 2008, which ranked sixth in all the injuries causes. Most people being poisoned had junior middle school education and most of them were agriculture/animal husbandry/fishery/water producers or commercial/service personnel. Most of the poisoning incidents were happened at home, always occurred in leisure time - around 8 PM, every day. The common types of poisoning were alcohol,clinical drugs, pesticide and carbon monoxide. Unintentional injuries were the main causes. Self-harm/suicidal cases in the rural areas were more than in the urban areas, with women more than men. The main type of self-harm/suicide related poisoning cases were through drugs or pesticide. ≥65, 15-29and 30-44 year-olds were most commonly seen. Conclusion Alcoholism was the primary type of poisoning injuries which is the highest in young adults ( 15-29 years and 30-44 years). It's important to promote civilized drinking habits and limit access to alcohol for youth. Self-harm/suicide had close relationship with clinical drugs and pesticide. The key points to prevent pesticide and clinical drugs poisoning were safe storage of pesticides, universal security of pesticide, and the supervision on drug producing and marketing. Children and the elderly were the high risk people for carbon monoxide poisoning. Monitoring and intervention must be strengthened.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of propranolol with 1 064 nm Nd:YAG laser on proliferating hemangioma in body surface.

METHODS97 patients with proliferating hemangiomas in body surface were randomly assigned to three groups: A group (32 patients were treated by propranolol with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser), B group (35 patients were treated by 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser), C group (30 patients were treated by propranolol). Their visual analog scores, clinical outcomes and adverse events were compared respectively.

RESULTS18 weeks later, A group had a mean visual analog score of 65.50 +/- 16.55, compared with 54.03 +/- 20.13 in B group, 28.08 +/- 30.34 in C group (P < 0.05); 24 weeks later, the mean visual analog scores of three groups were 76.88 +/- 19.05, 63.89 +/- 19.43 and 45.48 +/- 31.86 (P < 0.05). After 24 weeks' treatment, 9 cases (28.1%) in A group, 3 cases (8.6%) in B group, 1 cases (4.0%) in C group obtained complete healing (P < 0.05). To effect of adverse events in body surface, the mean score of B group was higher than the scores of A group and C group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPropranolol with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser is effective and safe in the treatment of proliferating hemangioma.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Hemangioma ; therapy ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; therapeutic use ; Propranolol ; therapeutic use ; Skin Neoplasms ; therapy

Objective To investigate the histological changes of the right ventricular remodeling in Xinjiang Mar-mota baibacina which are adapted to high-altitude hypoxia .Methods Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining was used to examine the pathological changes and degree of fibrosis , and immunohistochemical technique was used to detect connexin 43 ( CX43) expression in the right ventricular myocardium .Results In the right ventricular myocardium , cardio-myocyte hypertrophy and increased amount of collagen fibers were observed .The right ventricular hypertrophy index and weight index of Marmota baibacina were significantly higher , and expression of CX43 was significantly reduced than that of normal rats ( P<0.05 for both ) .Conclusions High-altitude hypoxia induces right ventricular remodeling in Xinjiang Marmota baibacina.It can be used as an ideal animal model for studies on the mechanisms of hypoxia adaptation on high -altitude plateau .

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on serum biochemical indicators and sporting ability in highly endurance-trained rats from a fasciological perspective.

METHODSThe ADSCs were cultured in vitro. Forty male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 equal groups, namely the blank control group, overtraining (model) group, transplantation without training group and overtraining plus transplantation group. The rats in the two overtraining groups were subjected to exhaustive swimming for 1 week, and in the two transplantation groups, cultured allogeneic ADSCs (2×10(6)/ml) were injected via the tail vein. The exhaustion time in swimming and the serum levels of BUN, LDH, BLa, and Hb of the rats were recorded after the treatments.

RESULTSThe rats in the model group showed significantly increased serum BUN, LDH and BLa levels and decreased Hb level with a extended exhaustion time as compared with those in the blank control group (P<0.01). The BUN, LDH and BLa was significantly lower, Hb level higher and the exhaustion time significantly longer in the overtraining plus transplantation group than those in the model group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSADSCs can effectively prolong the exhaustion time of rats during exhaustive swimming and enhance their sporting ability.

Adipose Tissue ; cytology ; Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Fatigue ; prevention & control ; Hydro-Lyases ; blood ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Swimming

OBJECTIVETherapy effects and cardiac electrical activity comparison of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a) gene modified BMSCs transplantation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats.

METHODSRats with AMI were divided into 4 groups (n = 30) randomly: normal group (n = 6), saline group (control group, n = 8), BMSCs transplantation group (BMSCs group, n = 8) and SERCA2a gene modified BMSCs transplantation group (BMSCs + rAd.SERCA2a group, n = 8). After 14 days, cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and heart electrical activity was evaluated by electrocardiogram and microelectrode array (MEA) technology.

RESULTS(1) The transduction ratio of rAd.SERCA2a to BMSCs were 80% to 90%. (2) Left ventricular ejection fraction on 14 days after therapy was significantly higher in BMSCs group and BMSCs + rAd.SERCA2a group than in control group (all P < 0.05). (3) QT duration was significantly shorter [(80.30 ± 6.53) ms vs. (105.31 ± 21.89) ms, P < 0.05] and ventricular premature beats less frequent in BMSCs + rAd. SERCA2a group than in the control group. (4) MEA results suggested that isolated heart beat was significantly slowed down and frequent ventricular arrhythmias and atrioventricular block were recorded in control group. The maximum field potential and field potential duration on infarcted myocardium area in BMSCs group and BMSCs + rAd.SERCA2a group were significantly longer than those in control group[the maximum field potential: (0.51 ± 0.15), (0.55 ± 0.16), (0.23 ± 0.10) mV; field potential duration: (104.5 ± 25.43), (107.67 ± 24.01), (63.00 ± 20.34) ms; all P < 0.05]. (5) The conduction time was the shortest and the cardiac electrical conduction consistency in myocardial infarction tissue was significantly improved in BMSCs + rAd.SERCA2a group.

CONCLUSIONSBMSCs and SERCA2a gene modified BMSCs transplantation could significantly improve cardiac function and BMSCs + rAd.SERCA2a could also effectively improve electrical conduction of infarcted myocardium and attenuate the incidence of arrhythmia after myocardial infarction in rats.

Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; methods ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases ; genetics

Objective To analyze the injury characteristics, using data from the National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), 2006 to 2008, to develop a injury prevention strategy. Methods 129 hospitals from 43 surveillance points in NISS were selected according to the DSP sample framework, also considering the capacity of local CDC. Results Relative information on 1 318 739cases were analyzed. The number of male cases were more than the females. The top three causes of injuries were as follows: falls (28.02%,29.36%,30.12%), traffic-related (23.07%,21.61%,21.44%)and blunt injuries (21.46%, 21.17%, 20.59% ). The major places where injuries occurred were: road/street (29.80%, 27.73%, 28.37% ) and at home (21.51%, 22.80%, 24.02% ). Recreation activities (35.63%, 41.93%, 42.13% ) and at work (24.43%, 22.60%, 21.44% ) were the two major activities when injuries took place. Most injury cases were unintentional (83.81%, 86.32%, 86.71% ) and mild (70.42%, 74.79%, 73.90% ). Rush hours that caused injuries to happen were between 7 to 10 AM.Conclusion Male injury cases were more than females. Falls, road traffic-related and blunt injuries were the major causes, with most of them were unintentional and minor.

Objective To describe the distribution of injuries among the elderly through hospital based National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), and to provide basic information for prevention of injury among the elderly. Methods Data on injuries among the elderly aged 60 years and above was descriptively analyzed from the Chinese NISS from 2006 to 2008. Using the data of NISS from 2006 to 2008, information was collected on those cases who were diagnosed as injuries for the first-time in the site hospitals. Information included demographic characteristics, features of the injury events, and clinical characteristics of injuries. SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis.Results The leading causes of injuries among the elderly were: falls, road traffic injuries, and blunt injuries, which were in total accounting for more than 70% of all the injuries among the elderly. Most of the injuries occurred at home (46.25 %, 44.44%, 46.23 % ), on the roads ( 30.95%, 28.51%, 28.61% )and in the public residences (8.89%, 11.57%, 11.25% ). Recreation activates (42.14%, 48.09%,48.59%) ,housework/study (21.15%, 18.21%, 18.15%) and driving (13.67%, 13.80%, 13.56%) were the three major activities when injuries took place. Most injuries among the elderly were unintentional (91.34%, 92.84%, 93.09% ). The leading causes of suicide of the elderly were poisoning and sharp injury. The most common natures of injuries were bruise (36.07%, 38.18%, 38.50% ), fractures (25.65%, 22.47%, 23.77% ), and sharp/bite/open injuries ( 17.19%, 18.21%, 17.46% ) while the most injured part of bodies were head (26.32%, 25.59%, 25.90%), lower limbs (25.74%, 25.70%, 25.26%)and upper limbs (21.01%,21.14%,21.37%). Most of the injuries were minor ones (60.53%,65.09%,63.58% ), and patients mostly went home after treatment (64.11%, 68.53%, 67.99% ). Conclusion According to NISS, the proportion of injuries among the elderly in all injuries kept increasing from 2006 to 2008, while distribution of injuries among the elderly being stable. Falls was the most common injury type for the elderly which also brought along bad outcome. Falls was the priority for injury prevention among the elderly.

Objective To describe the distribution of road traffic injuries through hospital based National Injury Surveillance System (NISS). Methods Data of road traffic injuries was descriptively analyzed from Chinese NISS from 2006 to 2008. Results In 2006-2008, road traffic injury was the second leading cause from NISS among attendants in ERs or clinics of the hospitals,with males (64.63%, 64.07%, 64.38% ) more than females (35.37%, 35.93%, 35.62%). People aged 30-44 (36.04%, 34.82%, 34.28% ), 15-29 (30.74%, 31.57%, 30.13%), 45-64 (20.28%, 20.70%,22.80% ) years were seen more than other age groups. The majority of road traffic injuries were unintentional (98.34%, 99.07%, 99.07% ), and mostly injured in head (35.21%, 33.74%, 35.77% )and lower limbs (24.08%, 24.54%, 23.95%) which mainly as bruise (56.47%, 57.92%, 58.89%) and fractures (17.70%, 15.84%, 15.88% ). The severities of injuries were mainly minor ones (63.69%,67.24%, 65.68% ), and mostly went home right after treatments (59.43%, 63.76%, 62.80% ).Conclusion The distribution of road traffic injuries from NISS kept stable from 2006 to 2008. Young and middle aged men were the focus population for road traffic injuries intervention. Further improvement ofNISS, multi-sectional collaboration-based advocacies and education programs as well as the enforcement of road safety law seemed the good practices for road traffic injury prevention.