A novel citrinin derivative, penicitrinol L (1), along with two known analogues, penidicitrinin B (2) and pennicitrinone A (3) were isolated from the marine-source fungus Penicillium citrinum. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic methods including one and two-dimensional NMR as well as high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis. Furthermore, compound 1 showed modest cytotoxic activity against HL-60 cell line and compound 3 showed weak cytotoxic activity against A375 cell line.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Citrinin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Penicillium ; chemistry

Objective:To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of anaerobic bacteria in the patients with oral and maxillofacial infection.Methods:Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria cultures from 61 specimens of pus from the patients with oral and maxillofacial infection in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Peking University School of Stomatology were identified.The culture type was evaluated by API 20A kit and drug resistance test was performed by Etest method.The clinical data and antibacterial agents for the treatment of the 61 cases were collected,and the final outcomes were recor-ded.Results:The bacteria cultures were isolated from all the specimens,with aerobic bacteria only in 6 cases (9 .8%),anaerobic bacteria only in 7 cases (1 1 .5%),and both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 48 cases (78.7%).There were 55 infected cases (90.2%)with anaerobic bacteria,and 81 anaero-bic bacteria stains were isolated.The highest bacteria isolation rate of Gram positive anaerobic bacteria could be found in Peptostreptococcus,Bifidobacterium and Pemphigus propionibacterium.No cefoxitin, amoxicillin/carat acid resistant strain was detected in the above three Gram positive anaerobic bacteria. The highest bacteria isolation rate of Gram negative anaerobic bacteria could be detected in Porphy-romonas and Prevotella.No metronidazole,cefoxitin,amoxicillin/carat acid resistant strain was found in the two Gram negative anaerobic bacteria.In the study,48 patients with oral and maxillofacial infection were treated according to the results of drug resistance testing,and the clinical cure rate was 81 .3%. Conclusion:Mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria cultures are very common in most oral and maxillofa-cial infection patients.Anaerobic bacteria culture and drug resistance testing play an important role in clinical treatment.

Objective To study the relationship among apoptosis,NF-KB activation and uPA expres- sion in human colon carcinoma cell line HCTll6 induced by 5-fluorouracil,and to observe the effect of in- hibiting activity of NF-KB by PDTC on apoptosis as well as expression of uPA.Methods Cell apoptosis was analysed by Annexin V-FITC.Fluctuation of NF-KB and uPA was detected by semi-quantitative immuno- histochemistry.Results 5-fluorouracil could induce apoptosis and activate NF-KB.PDTC could significantly increase the apoptosis and suppress the activation of NF-KB induced by 5-fluorouracil.There was a positive correlation between the changes of uPA and NF-KB.Conclusion 5-fluorouracil could induce apoptosis,ac- tivate NF-KB and up-regulate expression of uPA of HCT116 cells.The mechanism of enhanced apoptosis by PDTC may be related to suppressing activation of NF-?B and down-regulating expression of uPA.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of CKJ Recipe (consisting of Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide, amygdaloside, and gypenosides) containing serum on the activation of rat primary hepatic stellate cells (rHSCs) and to explore its pharmacological mechanism.

METHODSrHSCs were isolated form liver and cultured for four days. Then they were divided into the normal control group, the model group, and the CKJ group. rHSCs in the model group and the CKJ group were treated with 2.5 ng/mL transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in serum-free DMEM for 24 h. Serum free DMEM (containing no TGF-beta1) was taken as the control for the normal control group. rHSCs in the CKJ group were treated with 5% CKJ-containing serum for 24 h. rHSCs in the other two groups were treated with 5% blank serum for 24 h.The protein expression level of a smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) was determined using high throughput screening (HCS) and Western blot. mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, collagen I (Col-I), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGF-betaR), TGF-beta1, transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGF-betaR1), and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGF-beta R2) were detected using quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the protein expression level of alpha-SMA, mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, Col-I, PDGF-betaR, TGF-beta1, TGF-betaR1, and TGF-betaR2 significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the protein expression level of alpha-SMA, mRNA expression levels of alpha-SMA, Col-I, PDGF-betaR, TGF-beta1, TGF-beta1, and TGF-beta R2 significantly decreased in the CKJ group (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONCKJ containing serum could inhibit the protein expression level of o-SMA, which was probably related with inhibiting TGF-beta1 and its related receptors.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Rats ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Objective To study the feasibility and safety of performing nephrectomy together with the removal of complicated inferior vena cava tumor thrombus under profound hypothermia and arrested circulation. Methods After made the median thoraco-abdominal incision, the exploration of the abdominal organs was done. The right kidney, inferior vena cava and renal pedicle were well exposed then. After the whole body heparinization, cannulas were put into ascending aorta, superior vena cava, aortic root and right superior pulmonary vein. The body temperature was reduced to 20℃ with cardiopulmonary bypass unit and the extracorporeal circulation was stopped then. Cut open the inferior vena cava at vena renalis dextra ingress and the F16 urinary catheter was inserted into atrum dextra through inferior vena cava and inflated. The tumor thrombus was pulled out and the right kidney was removed. The inferior vena cava incision was sutured to close and the extracorporeal circulation was resumed and patient was re-warmed.Results The operation time was 330 min and the extracorporeal circulation time was 90 min, while the profound hypothermia with circulatory arrest time was 20 min. The estimated blood loss during operation was 400 ml and 6 unit red cells and 600 ml blood plasm were transfused. The patient was awaked 2.5 h after the operation, food intake resumed 4 days after operation and the patient was discharged on day 10 post-operatively. After 6 months'follow-up, there were no local recurrence and metastasis occurred. Conclusion The technique of profound hypothermia and circulation arrest could improve the safety and efficacy in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma with suprahepatic (level Ⅲ) caval tumor thrombus.

OBJECTIVETo study the genotoxicity of components of diesel engine exhausts with ethanol-diesel blending fuel. To provide scientific arguments to find more economical and less polluted fuels.

METHODSAmes test, comet assay and GC-MS technique were used to test the genotoxicity and 16 kinds of PAHs on diesel engine exhausts with different proportions of ethanol (E0, E5, E10, E20).

RESULTSBoth Ames test and comet assay were positive. It shows that diesel engine exhausts can lead to mutation and DNA damage, especially in pure diesel oil. But the content of 16 kinds of PAHs and DNA damage level decreased in exhausts of E5. With the increase of ethanol proportion in diesel oil, the content of 16 kinds of PAHs and DNA damage level increased.

CONCLUSIONCompared with pure diesel oil and high proportion of ethanol fuel, E5 can reduce the genotoxicity and the brake specific exhausts of PAHs.

Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Air Pollution ; Carbon Monoxide ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; Ethanol ; toxicity ; Gasoline ; toxicity ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Particulate Matter ; Vehicle Emissions ; toxicity

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the routine clinical laboratory parameters for hepatocellular carcinoma,in an attempt to search for parameters for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:The pre-operation clinical labo- ratory data,such as tumor makers,and serological biochemical indices,hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection markers,and HBV DNA titers,were collected from 828 patients who were pathologically diagnosed as having HCC;then the correlation between these data with tumor size and the pathological grades of HCC was analyzed.Results:It was found that 97.9% of the 828 pa- tients were infected with HBV and 70.9% of them were accompanied by liver fibrosis.We also found that the tumor size was correlated with albumin(ALB),globulin(GLB),A/G,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),ratio of aspartate to alanine amin- otransferase(AST/ALT),gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),alpha-L-fucosidase(AFU),al- pha-fetoprotein(AFP)and tumor grades;meanwhile,the pathological grades of tumor was correlated to prealbumin(PALB), GGT and tumor size(all P

Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; Constriction ; Heart ; Mice

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA) treated with thermosensitive moxibustion at different dosages.

METHODSSixty cases of CSA were randomized into a saturated moxa dosage group and a regular moxa dosage group, 30 cases in each one. The thermosensitive moxibustion was adopted in the two groups. The mild suspended moxibustion was applied at two acupoints with the strongest thermosensitization. In the saturated moxa dosage group, the moxibustion time was determined by the disappearance of thermosensitization. In the regular moxa dosage group, 15 min was required on each acupoint. The treatment was given twice a day for first 4 days in the two groups. Since the 5th day, the treatment was given once a day, continuously for 10 times, and totally 14 days were required. The score of symptoms and function and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups before and after treatment as well as 6-month follow-up after treatment.

RESULTSThe curative and effective rate was 56.7% (17/30) after treatment and 60.0% (18/30) in 6-month follow-up after treatment in the saturated moxa dosage group, which were superior to 26.7% (8/30) and 30.0% (9/30) in the regular moxa dosage group respectively (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The scores of clinical symptoms and function after treatment and in follow-up were improved apparently as compared with those before treatment in both groups (all P < 0.01). The scores of clinical symptoms and function after treatment and in follow-up in the saturated moxa dosage group were increased much more apparently than those in the regular moxa dosage group (after treatment: 22.32 +/- 4.64 vs 17.43 +/- 3.21; in follow-up: 23.01 +/- 4.76 vs 18.32 +/- 2.13, both P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe thermosensitization moxibustion of saturated dosage achieves the superior short-term and long-term efficacies in the treatment of CSA as compared with the regular moxibustion dosage.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; instrumentation ; Spondylosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Vertebral Artery ; physiopathology

Objective To explore the prevalence of HIV,sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and associated factors among medium/low level female sex workers (FSWs) in an under-developed city in Guangdong province. Methods FSWs were reached by probability proportionate to size sampling through mapping. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate data on demographic characteristics,sexual behaviors,condom use and drug use. 5 ml blood samples were collected to test for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),syphilis and HSV-2. Results The prevalence rates of HIV,syphilis and HSV-2 were 0.3%(2/575),4.9%(28/575) and 30.6%(176/575) respectively,and 32.2%(185/575) for STDs. Results from multivariate unconditional logistic regression model indicated that drug use (OR=3.91,95%CI:1.17-13.03) was the independent risk factor for STDs infection. Risks as ever accepted intervention program (OR=0.14,95%CI:0.04-0.52),with higher education level (OR=0.40,95%CI:0.19-0.83) and medium-fee charged FSWs(OR=0.27,95% CI:0.09-0.79) were protective factors for STDs. Conclusion Sources of STDs and related risk factors were comprehensive among medium/low FSWs,especially for the latter,whith all calling for multi-sector cooperation to explore the effective intervention program in this population.