Genetic Therapy ; Hepatitis B ; therapy ; virology ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; physiology ; Liver Regeneration ; drug effects ; Receptors, Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; physiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Signal Transduction

Objective To provide evidence for rationally selection of an-tibiotic agents, we investigated the distribution and antibiotic susceptibili-ty of pathogenic stains in blood culture in Tianjin Second People′s Hospi-tal.Methods Blood specimens were cultured with BacT/Alert 3D.The pathogenic bacterial confirmatory and antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out with VETEK -2 COMPACT.Results From June 2011 to May 2013 , 225 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 1724 clinic blood specimens, of which 155 strains were gram-negative cocci, acounting for 68.9%;69 strains were gram-positive cocci,acounting for 30.7%;1 strains were fungi, acounting for 0.4%.The sensitivity of Gram-negative bacteria to imipenem was the highest.The sensitivity of Gram -positive bacteria to vancomycin and linezolid was the highest.Escherichia coli is highly resistant to ampicillin, with the resistance rate of 80.1%.Staphylococcus aureus resistance of penicillin with resistant rate of 57.1%.Conclusion It is important for the clinicals to get the results of distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogenic stains in blood culture in order to select the antibiotics rationally and decrease nosocomial infections.

OBJECTIVETo explore the changes of cytokines including TNFalpha, TGFbeta1 and nitrogen monoxide, and endotoxin in the serum of chronic severe hepatitis after the treatment of ALSS, and to evaluate further the value of ALSS in the treatment of chronic severe hepatitis.

METHODSForty two patients were screened. The changes of TNFalpha, TGFbeta1, nitrogen monoxide and endotoxin were detected respectively. The relationship between the cytokines and the severity and prognosis were further analyzed.

RESULTSALSS was effective to decrease the serum concentration of cytokines. TNFalpha dropped from (481.57+/-229.33) pg/ml to (156.46+/-78.12) pg/ml (P < 0.05). TGFbeta1 from (44.09+/-31.73) ng/ml to (27.77+/-23.28) ng/ml (P < 0.01), endotoxin from (1.05+/-0.37) Eu/ml to (0.28+/-0.22) Eu/ml (P < 0.001). NO from (71.15+/-33.09) micromol/L to (58.11+/-29.30) micromol/L (P < 0.001). Before the therapy endotoxin was related with TNFalpha and total bilirubin, while after the therapy, NO was related with protime and aminonemia.

CONCLUSIONHigh level of endotoxin and nitrogen monoxide in serum plays an important role in hepatocyte damage of chronic severe hepatitis. The changes of serum endotoxin TNFalpha, TGFbeta1 and nitrogen monoxide level in patients with chronic severe hepatitis can be used to judge the severity and prognosis of severe hepatitis. ALSS is a reliable hepatic support device for chronic severe hepatitis

Adult ; Aged ; Cytokines ; blood ; Endotoxins ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; blood ; immunology ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver, Artificial ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Prognosis ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood

Objective To investigate the environmental contamination related to first patient with carbapenem-re-sistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)infection and the infection status of relevant patients in a newly established intensive care unit(ICU)of a hospital in Tibetan area,and analyze the transmission risk.Methods From the ad-mission in ICU of a patients who was first detected CRAB on November 15,2021 to the 60th day of hospitalization,all patients who stayed in ICU for＞48 hours were performed active screening on CRAB.On the 30th day and 60th day of the admission to the ICU of the first CRAB-infected patient,environment specimens were taken respectively 2 hours after high-frequency diagnostic and therapeutic activities but before disinfection,and after disinfection but before medical activities.CRAB was cultured with chromogenic culture medium.Results Among the 13 patients who were actively screened,1 case was CRAB positive,he was transferred from the ICU of a tertiary hospital to the ICU of this hospital on November 19th.On the 40th day of admission to the ICU,he had fever,increased frequency for sputum suction,and CRAB was detected.The drug sensitivity spectrum was similar to that of the first case,and he also stayed in the adjacent bed of the first case.64 environmental specimens were taken,and 9 were positive for CRAB,with a positive rate of 14.06％,8 sampling points such as the washbasin,door handle and bed rail were positive for CRAB after high-frequency diagnostic and therapeutic activities.After routine disinfection,CRAB was detected from the sink of the washbasin.Conclusion For the prevention and control of CRAB in the basic-level ICU in ethnic areas,it is feasible to conduct risk assessment on admitted patients and adopt bundled prevention and con-trol measures for high-risk patients upon admission.Attention should be paid to the contaminated areas(such as washbasin,door handle,and bed rail)as well as the effectiveness of disinfection of sink of washbasin.