Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Styrene

Objective To assess the influencing factors of the progression of carotid atherosclerotic stenosis using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). Methods From January 2009 to December 2014, a total of data 279 consecutive patients first assessed by CDFI as moderate stenosis of carotid atherosclerosis (stenosis rate 50 -69%)and regularly reexamined with CDFI at 12,24 and 36 months after initial examination were enrolled retrospectively. The residual diameter of vascular lesions and the changes of hemodynamic parameters were documented,and they were divided into either a progression group (n = 40)or a non-progression group (n = 239,and the non-progression group was divided into steady group[n = 210]and improved group [n = 29])according to whether the degree of stenosis progressed into severe stenosis (stenosis rate 70 -99%)or occlusion. The effects of the risk factors for common cerebrovascular disease and taking lipid lowering drugs (atorvastatin 20 mg/ d)on stenosis progression were compared in patients between the 2 groups. There were significant differences in hypertension,smoking and the regular use of atorvastatin . The effects of those factors on the progression of carotid stenosis were compared further through Logistic regression analysis. Results The residual vascular diameters of stenosis at 24,and 36 months were reduced obviously in the progression group compared with those of the non-progression group. There was significant difference (all P < 0. 05),and both the stenotic sites and distal peak systolic flow velocity ratio were significantly higher than those of the steady group and improved group (all P < 0. 05). Among the risk factors for cerebrovascular disease,hypertension (OR,2. 686,95% CI 1. 120 -6. 442,P = 0. 027)and smoking (OR,2. 265,95% CI 1. 081 -4. 746,P = 0. 030)were the major risk factors for affecting the progression of carotid stenosis. Regularly taking atorvastatin was a protective factor of delaying the progression of carotid stenosis (OR,0. 383,95% CI 0. 178 -0. 827,P = 0. 015). Conclusions CDFI may objectively evaluate the progression of carotid stenosis. Smoking and hypertension are the independent risk factors for affecting the progression of carotid stenosis,and regularly taking atorvastatin contributes to delay the progression of carotid stenosis.

Objective To study the level of serum IL-10 in renal allgraft recipients with stable renal function,acute rejection,infection and chronic allgraft nephropathy(CAN),and to study the level of serum IL-10 in stable renal function recipients with different postoperative time,different dosage of CsA,different rejective frequency in order to find out the value of IL-10 in the follow-up of out-patients. Methods IL-10 were detected randomly by ELISA technique in 127 renal allgraft recipients during the follow-up,and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls.Results Level of serum IL-10 in stable renal function group was significantly higher than that in rejection group,CAN group and control group(P

In our previous work, we found that trivalent dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(III)) have high affinity binding to cysteine residue 13 of rat hemoglobin. However, it is still unknown why arsenic intermediate metabolite DMA(III) has high binding affinity for Cysl3 but not for other cysteine residues 93, 140, 111 and 125. In order to better understand the molecular mechanism of DMA(III) with rat hemoglobin, we have done current study. So, SD rats were divided into control and arsenic-treated groups randomly. Arsenic species in lysate of red blood cells were analyzed by HPLC-ICP-MS, and then determined by a hybrid quadrupole TOF MS. In addition, trivalent DMA(III) binds to different cysteine residues in rat hemoglobin alpha and beta chains were also simulated by Molecular Docking. Only Cys13 in alpha chain is able to bind to DMA(III) from the experiment results. Cys13 of alpha chain in rat hemoglobin is a specific binding site for DMA(III), and we found that amino acids compose pockets structure and surround Cys13 (but not other cysteine residues), make DMA(III) much easy to bind cysteine 13. Taken together, the DMA(III) specific binding to Cys13 is related to spatial structure of Cys13.
Animals ; Arsenic ; metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cacodylic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cysteine ; metabolism ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Rats

Background Certain relationship has been found between phenotype and genes mutation of congenital cataract.It is clear that different genetic mutations can cause the same complication in congenital cataract,meanwhile,different complications may be caused by the same gene mutation.However,their mechanism is still remained unclear.Objective This study was to observe the phenotype of congenital cataract accompanied with iris dysplasia.Methods Fifteen patients with congenital cataract accompanied with iris dysplasia were included in this study.The slit lamp,gonioscope and ophthalmoscope were used for the examination of the anterior ocular segment,the anterior chamber angle and fundus on all the patients.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Second People' s Hospital of Yunnan Province.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient or the custodian prior to any medical procedure.Results All the patients showed binocular involvement.Congenital nuclear cataract with whole coloboma of iris was seen in 7 cases,and 2 cases showed an entire cataract associated with incomplete coloboma of iris.Entire cataract with aniridia was diagnosed in 5 patients,and suture cataract complicated with aniridia was in 1 patient.Conclusions Some regular patterns can be implied between the morphological type of cataract and iris dysplasia,which may be helpful for further study of these diseases.

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the distribution of artery involvement above the aortic arch and differences incidence of cerebral ischemic in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI).MethodsA total of 84 cases (aged from 11 to 70 years old, median age 39 years old) continuous observed from August 2005 to June 2013 were included in this study. All patients were detected by CDFI and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and clinical examination. The distribution of the involved arteries were analyzed.ResultsA total of 924 vessels (84 patients) was detected, 352 (38.1%) arteries involved inflammatory lesions. The prevalence rate of female was higher than male (92.9% and 7.1%) significantly. The symptoms of cerebral ischemic included dizziness, syncope, TIA, amaurosis etc. The involvement rate of common carotid artery (CCA) was the highest (94.0%), followed by the subclavian arterythe (SA) (82.1%). The detecting rate of bilateral CCA was higher than that of bilateral SA, 75% and 50% (χ2=15.732,P=0.003), respectively. The rate of combined lesions of CCA and SA were higher in left (64.3%) than the right 56% (χ2=12.777,P=0.001). Most patients had multiple vascular (≥ 3
vessels) diseases (69.1%). No significant difference was found in the incidence of cerebral ischemia symptoms in patients with bilateral CCA or SA lesions (74.6% with78.6%) (χ2=0.219,P=0.411). No significant difference was found inthe patients with left or right CCA combined with SA lesions (76.5% with 76.4% ,χ2=1.230, P=0.602) also. The incidence of cerebral ischemia for greater than 3 vessel disease was significantly higher than less vessels (69.1% with 30.9%) (χ2=6.674,P=0.010).ConclusionThe study in the distribution of aortic arch vascular lesion for the patients with Takayasu arteritis by CDFI is valuable for the early detection and treatment of vascular lesions, and decresing the incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Fermentation for Eicosapentaenoic Acid(EPA) production by Nitzschia laevis at various temperature between 10℃ and 30℃ was investigated and the dynamics characteristics during fermentation process were also analyzed.Based on the results,a varying temperature nursing method of two stage control strategy is proposed:During the first stage,which comprises the delay phase and the initial index phase,the temperature is maintained at 25℃;then the temperature is shifted to 20℃ and kept up till the end of the fermentation process.By this method,a EPA content of 6.0% and a yield of 291.60 mg/L have been gained.These are 24.07% and 18.81% higher than that of fixed temperature(25℃) fermentation,respectively.

Objective To investigate the combination of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) in the assessment of the hemodynamic changes of vertebral artery occlusion disease and their clinical value. Methods A total of 101 patients with vertebral artery occlusion detected by the combination of CDFI and TCD and confirmed by DSA were enrolled from January 2005 to January 2009. Taking the result of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as a golden standard, The differences between the different types of the side of vertebral artery occlusion and contralateral vertebral artery on the extra- and intracranial segments were compared and analyzed in peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive indices (RI), pulsatility index (PI), spectrum morphology, and hemodynamics. Results No blood flow signals were detected by CDFI and TCD in patients of complete occlusion of the vertebral artery; the weak blood flow signals were detected by CDFI in patients of the occlusion in the intracranial segment of the vertebral artery. 3he blood flow signals after the establishment of collateral circulation in patients of the segmental occlusion were detected in the extraeranial segment or intraeranial segment of the vertebral artery. The PSV on the occluded sides of the extraeranial segments were decreased more significantly than that on the unoccluded sides (27.39 ± 12.44 cm/s vs. 62.61 ± 13.22 cm/s, P = 0.000); RI was significantly higher than the unoccluded sides (0. 99 ± 0. 21 vs. 0. 62 ± 0.07, P = 0. 000). When a vertebral artery had the segmental occlusion and the collateral circulation was established, the PSV, EDV, and PI of the intracranial segment of the vertebral artery on the occluded sides were decreased more significantly than those on the unoccluded sides, PSV were 37. 81 ± 12.28 cm/s and 73.17±30. 99 cm/s, respectively (P =0. 000), EDV were 17.58 ± 7.10 cm/s and 29.31 ± 12.94 cm/s, respectively (P = 0. 000), PI were 0.84 ± 0.22 and 1.01 ±0. 18, respectively (P=0. 000). The compard DSA showed that the sites of vertebral artery occlusion were different, There was significant difference in the Doppler flow velocity spectrum between the CDFI and TCD. Conclusions PSV, EDV, RI, and PI are the hemodynamic parameters of accurately assessing vertebral artery occlusion, and the combination of CDFI and TCD has significant value for the hemodynamie changes of different types of vertebral artery occlusion and the clinical comprehensive assessment.

Objective To investigate the evaluation value of anterior communicating artery patency for patients with severe carotid artery stenosis treated by carotid endarterectomy (CEA )with transcranial color Doppler ultrasonography. Methods From June 2014 to June 2015,89 consecutive inpatients with unilateral symptomatic severe carotid stenosis treated with CEA at the Department of Neurosurgery,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were enrolled retrospectively. They were divided into either a patent group (n=45)or a non-patent group (n=44)according to whether the anterior communicating artery was patent or not (DSA findings). Whether the anterior communicating artery was patent or not diagnosed by the transcranial color Doppler ultrasonography was compared with the consistency of the digital subtraction angiography (DSA)results. The differences of intraoperatively implemented temporary shunt rate and the differences of hemodynamic parameters including peak velocity (PSV),end-diastolic velocity (EDV),and pulsatility index (PI)of the preoperative and postoperative bilateral middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery (ACA)of both groups were analyzed. Results Compared with the results of DSA, the sensitivity and specificity of transcranial color Doppler ultrasonography for preoperative evaluation of the patency of anterior communicating artery were 91. 1%(41/45)and 97. 7%(43/44)respectively,the total accordance rate was 94. 4%(84/89)(Kappa=0. 888,P<0. 01). The temporary shunt rate (2. 2%[1/45])of patients in CEA of the anterior communicating artery patent group was significantly lower than that of the non-patent group (20. 5%[9/44]). There was significant difference between the 2 groups (χ2 =5. 700,P =0. 017). PSV,EDV,and PI of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery after procedure in both groups were higher than those before procedure. There were significant differences (the patent group:128 ± 41 cm/s vs. 77 ± 24 cm/s,55 ± 18 cm/s vs. 41 ± 13 cm/s,and 0. 92 ± 0. 14 vs. 0. 67 ± 0. 14;the non-patent group:139 ± 44 cm/s vs. 86 ± 31 cm/s,59 ± 22 cm/s vs. 44 ± 16 cm/s,and 0. 94 ± 0. 15 vs. 0.71 ± 0. 16;all P<0. 01). PSV and EDV of the contralateral ACA of the patent group were decreased after procedure. There were significant differences (125 ± 42 cm/s vs. 157 ± 57 cm/s,55 ± 24 cm/s vs. 72 ± 34 cm/s,all P<0. 01). There was no significant difference in PI of contralateral ACA before and after procedure (P >0.05). There were no significant differences in PSV,EDV and PI of the contralateral ACA in the non-patent group between after procedure and before procedure (all P>0. 05). Conclusions Transcranial color Doppler ultrasonography can accurately and objectively evaluate whether the anterior communicating artery is patent or not in patients with unilateral severe carotid stenosis. It has an important clinical significance for selective shunt in CEA and improving the success rate of CEA.

AIM: To investigate strabismus and amblyopia in preschool children in Zhongshan city and to solve the countermeasures.

METHODS: A total of 14 582 eyes of 7 291 children aged 3-7 years in urban area and urban area of Zhongshan city were randomly selected for refractive examination. Before examination, the concentration of 10g/L atropine ointment was used, to determine the corrected vision amblyopia. The ametropic amblyopia was measured by retinoscopy, and corneal mapping method was used to screen the strabismus. Then strabismus and amblyopia of preschool children in Zhongshan were analyzed.

RESULTS: Of the 7 291 preschool children, 687 had ametropia, with the rate of 9.42% and 236 amblyopia with the rate of 3.24%, 13 cases were strabismus, whit the rate of 0.18%. There were no significant differences on ametropia, amblyopia or strabismus between 3-<5 years old group and 5-7 years old group(P>0.05). Of the 236 children with amblyopia, 215 were ametropic amblyopia, account for 91.10%; 13 children with strabismic amblyopia, of which 8 concomitant esotropia, 5 concomitant exotropia; 8 children with deprivation amblyopia; the difference of children number between strabismic amblyopia and deprivation amblyopia was statistically significant(P<0.05). Of the 236 children, more 3-<5 aged children had mild amblyopia than those 5-7 aged ones(P<0.05); less 3-<5 aged children had severe amblyopia than those 5-7 aged ones(P<0.05)

CONCLUSION: The incidence of strabismus and amblyopia in preschool children in Zhongshan is relatively high. It should be screened early, and effective measures should be taken as early as possible to improve the children's vision.