As a classic fluorescent detect technique, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been widely used in biological researches. Researchers have developed a series of fluorescence detect probes which were based on FRET. Caspase family plays an important role in apoptosis pathway, especially Caspase-8 which located, at the initial of death receptor mediated apoptosis pathway, whose its activation can trigger subsequent precaspases' activation and lead to apoptosis. So it is of great significance to detect the activation of Caspase-8 in apoptosis assay. In this study, a fluorescent probe based on FRET has been designed which can detect the activity change of Caspase-8 in cells. To identify the effectiveness and specificity of the probe, we measure the Caspase-8 activity under the Caspase-8 specifically activated apoptosis inducer RGD-TRAIL with the flow cytometry FRET detection platform. The results show that the probe can respond to the activity change of Caspase-8 in apoptotic cells, and the change can be quantified rapidly by flow cytometry. The study provides a more efficient and convenient detection method of Caspase-8 activity in living cells.
Apoptosis ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Humans

Air ; analysis ; Chlorpyrifos ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Workplace

Aged ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Heparin ; adverse effects ; immunology ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; adverse effects ; immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Factor 4 ; immunology ; Thrombocytopenia ; blood ; chemically induced ; immunology

Objective To develop the clinical application and the method for functional repair in fa- cial nerve defect in parotideetomy of parotid carainoma.Methods Defect of facial nerve in parotidectomy was repaired by transplantation of sternocleidomastoid muscle-great auricular nerve flap with anastomosis of great auricular nerve-facial nerve under microscope.Results Eight eases of facial nerve defect in parotid carcinoma were repaired by this method.The facial nerve function almost recovered and access to normal dur- ing 3 to 6 month after operation in this series.6 of 8 patients achieved a gradeⅡ,2 of 8 patients achieved a gradeⅢ.Conclusion Reconstruction of facial nerve defect using sternocleidomastoid muscle-great auricu- lar nerve flap can provide better blood supply for the plerosis and regeneration of nerve.The nerve flap also ac- celerate the functional recovery after nerve grafting.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for limited-stage small cell lung cancer(LD-SCLC).Methods 34 cases of patients with LD-SCLC were rand- mized into interdigitating chemoradiotherapy group and sequential chemoradiotherapy group.All patients re- ceived four to six cycles of alternating CE(C:carboplatin 300 mg/m~2 d_1;E:etoposide100 mg d_(1～5)and CAP(C: cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m~2 d_(1,8);A:adriamycin 40 mg/m~2 d_1;P:cisplatin 50 mg d_(3～5)chemotherapy,three weeks for a cycle.All patients also received thoracic radiotherapy with conventional fraction,2.0 Gy per frac- tion,five fractions per week.The total dose was 60 Gy.Results In interdigitating chemoradiotherapy group, CR was 64.7%,PR was 29.4%,NR was 5.9% and PD was 0 after chemo-radiation therapy.In sequential chemoradiotherapy group,CR was 23.5%,PR was 52.9%,NR was 23.5% and PD was 0 after chemothera- py,and CR was 58.8%,PR was 35.3%,NR was 5.9% and PD was 0 after radiotherapy.Conclusion The therapeutic effect of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for LD-SCLC was satisying.There was no sig- nificant difference in the effect between the two groups.

Objective To assess the influencing factors of the progression of carotid atherosclerotic stenosis using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). Methods From January 2009 to December 2014, a total of data 279 consecutive patients first assessed by CDFI as moderate stenosis of carotid atherosclerosis (stenosis rate 50 -69%)and regularly reexamined with CDFI at 12,24 and 36 months after initial examination were enrolled retrospectively. The residual diameter of vascular lesions and the changes of hemodynamic parameters were documented,and they were divided into either a progression group (n = 40)or a non-progression group (n = 239,and the non-progression group was divided into steady group[n = 210]and improved group [n = 29])according to whether the degree of stenosis progressed into severe stenosis (stenosis rate 70 -99%)or occlusion. The effects of the risk factors for common cerebrovascular disease and taking lipid lowering drugs (atorvastatin 20 mg/ d)on stenosis progression were compared in patients between the 2 groups. There were significant differences in hypertension,smoking and the regular use of atorvastatin . The effects of those factors on the progression of carotid stenosis were compared further through Logistic regression analysis. Results The residual vascular diameters of stenosis at 24,and 36 months were reduced obviously in the progression group compared with those of the non-progression group. There was significant difference (all P < 0. 05),and both the stenotic sites and distal peak systolic flow velocity ratio were significantly higher than those of the steady group and improved group (all P < 0. 05). Among the risk factors for cerebrovascular disease,hypertension (OR,2. 686,95% CI 1. 120 -6. 442,P = 0. 027)and smoking (OR,2. 265,95% CI 1. 081 -4. 746,P = 0. 030)were the major risk factors for affecting the progression of carotid stenosis. Regularly taking atorvastatin was a protective factor of delaying the progression of carotid stenosis (OR,0. 383,95% CI 0. 178 -0. 827,P = 0. 015). Conclusions CDFI may objectively evaluate the progression of carotid stenosis. Smoking and hypertension are the independent risk factors for affecting the progression of carotid stenosis,and regularly taking atorvastatin contributes to delay the progression of carotid stenosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of nitrous oxide(N2O) on the cuff pressure of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway(PLMA) in pediatric anesthesia. Methods Thirty-two pediatic patients were enrolled and divided into two groups randomly.PLMA cuffs were inflated with air(Group A) or 50% N2O/oxyen(Group N) to 20 mmHg as initial pressure.The intracuff pressure was monitored during anesthesia with 50% N2O in oxygen. Results Intracuff pressure increased to(40.6?9.3) mmHg in Group A and slightly decreased in Group N.Deflation volume in Group A was much more than that in Group N[(4.4?2.3) mL vs(2.6?1.0) mL,P

Mild-symptom erectile dysfunction (MSED) is commonly seen in clinical practice, but receives inadequate attention from both the patients and clinicians. Increasing researches have indicated that MSED is associated with not only unhealthy living habits and psychological factors but also the early progression of endothelial, metabolic and endocrine diseases. The diagnosis and treatment of MSED should be based on the relevant guidelines, with consideration of both its specific and common features. The therapeutic principle is a combination of integrated and individual solutions aimed at the causes of the disease. Drug intervention should be initiated if psychological therapy fails. Negligence of MSED may affect the quality of life of the patients and their partners, and what's more, might delay the management of some other severe underlying diseases. Adequate attention to the early diagnosis and treatment for MSED is of great significance for a deeper insight into the etiology of ED, the prevention of potential cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and the improvement of the overall health of males.
Attention ; Erectile Dysfunction ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Quality of Life

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Xianxiong decoction on the mice with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide.

METHODEighty female ICR mice were randomly divided into 8 groups: model group, Xianxiong decoction group, Daxianxiong decoction group, Xianxiong decoction group without Kansui Radix group, Xianxiong decoction group without Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Kansui Radix group, normal group and control group. Animals of each group, except normal group, were undertaken intraperitoneal injection and intranasal inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on day 1, 2, 3 to establish acute lung injury (ALI) model. 30 min after modeling, 0.2 mL corresponding drugs were administrated to each mice, dexam ethasone and normal saline were given to the mice of control group and normal group respectively. White blood cell in blood, neutrophil percentage of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatant, the ratio of wet and dry lung tissue ( W/D), histopathological changes of lung tissue were estimated. Sixty ICR mice were randomly divided into normal, model, control, high, middle and low dose Xianxiong decoction groups and were modeled in the same way. ELISA was applied to detect the level of NF-kappaB, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in BALF, PCR for NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha mRNA in lung tissue, and Western blot for NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha. Half of 20 ICR mice were administrated with Xianxiong decoction of its maximum tolerant normal saline.

RESULTCompared with model group, the number of WBC in blood of Xianxiong decoction group mice decreased (P < 0.01), percentage of neutrophils in both blood and BALF decreased as well (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); it also significantly reduced the ratio of W/D (P < 0.01); and found the alveolar wall, the number of inflammatory cells infiltrating improved, compared with model group. Xianxiong decoction reduced the level of NF-kappaB, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in BALF (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05); its high and low dose groups only found TNF-alpha level declined. Five mice died 24 h after administration of Xianxiong decoction which indicated its toxicity when other influential factors were considered.

CONCLUSIONXianxiong decoction is effective on the ALI mice induced by LPS, but it is of toxicity at 3 g x mL(-1).

Acute Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To compare different surgical techniques and clinical effectiveness using infrahyoid myooutaneous flap to restore effects after intraoral cancer surgery.Methods It is a retrospective study in Sichuan cancer hospital, from May 1994 to March 2007, 27 cases were treated surgically with unilateral infrahyoid myocutaneous falp, 19 males and 8 famales.Seven cases of squamous cell tongue carcinoma, 4 eases of tongue root carcinoma, 16 cases of mouth floor carcinoma- The biggest flap was 4 cm × 8 cm.In 8 cases, the flap was formed since the remote end reverse vascular traveling and carried with inferior 1/3 muscular tissue of the stemocleidomastoid muscle on the same side (retrograde flap forming), in 19 cases, vascular pedicla was anatomied with microscopic blood vessel-operating skills along vascular traveling before the flap forming( anterograde flap forming).Eleven cases of the reservation vascularized and infrahyoid muscles in the hyoid attachment (combination pedicle), in 16 cases, the arteria and vena thyroidea superior reserved as the pedicel accompanied with the vena jugularis anterior ( the axial vessle pedicle) ; in 21 cases, the distal end of the vena jugulafis interna was tied up at the place where the vena facialis communis joins to the vena jugularis interna, and the vena jugularis anterior was reserved within the flap ( interference return).Results The survival rate of total 27 cases are 77.8%.The flap necrosis in two cases of total group, 1/3 - 1/2 skin necrosis of the flap was found in 4 cases, in the six cases, flap was formed with retrograde flap forming carry with the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid, the reason of necrosis was venous flow obstruction.Twenty-one flaps of interference return are all survived, the flap in 19 cases with anterograde flap forming all survived, and 16 cases of the axial infrahyoid flap all survived.Follow-up nine months to 13 years with a median follow-up time for four years.Lost four cases, 23 followed up cases did not found on the flap recurrence of cancer.The primary tumor recurrence in three cases, six cases of cervical lymph node recurrence, Kaplan-Meier method statistics 3,5-year survival rates were 69.8%, 47.2%, respectively.Conclusions To improve the survival rate, the surgical approach of anterograde flap forming is suitable, to anatomize the axial vessle pedicle with microscopic skills, in particular should pay attention to ensure that venous return.Carrying with the same side of the sternocleidomastoid muscle tissue and retaining hyoid attachment of infrahyoid muscles will not increase the survival rate of the muscle flap.