?-arbutin is biosynthesized by whole cell method with Xanthomona maltophilia BT-112.The conditions for cell biosynthesized ?-arbutin are investigated as follows:temperature,25℃;concentration of hydroquinone,30mmol/L;mol ratio of sucrose and hydroquinone,20∶1;time course of ?-arbutin biosynthesis,45 hours;rotational speed,160r/min;concentration of Xanthomona maltophilia BT-112,85g/L;concentration of K-2HPO-4-KH-2PO-4 buffer solution,25mmol/L;pH of K-2HPO-4-KH-2PO-4 buffer solution,8.0.Under the above optimal conditions,the maximum of molar conversion yield based on the amount of hydroquinone supplied reaches 86.7%.

0.05).The setting time of hydroxyaptite and glass ions cements with Co-F were longer but there was little effect on zinc phosphate cements. Conclusion The Co-F agent added to dental cement can not only improve the compressive strength but also contin- ually release fluoride.

Objective To detect the characteristics of benign infantile seizures.Methods Fifty seven cases of benign infantile seizures were analyzed.Results All patients had a normal development before and after the onset of the seizures.The age of onset was from 1.5-30 months.The main manifestations included tonic clonic seizure,staring and motion arrest,64.9 % occurred in clusters.A family history of epilepsy or febrile seizures was present in 6 cases.Interictel electroen cephalograms were normal.The seizures were easily ceased after taking phenobarbital,carbamazepine or valproate.Antiepileptic drugs(AEDs)were discontinued in 51 patients.The mean ages of seizure stopping were 12.8 months and mean seizure′s durations were 4.1 months.Conclusion The benign infantile seizures can be easily controlled with a single AEDs for short time with favorable prognosis.

Aim To explore the lipid-lowering mecha-nisms of curcumin from the molecular levels and pro-vide scientific basis for clinical development of lipid-lowering drugs.Methods Using oil red O staining and enzymic to determinate the levels of cholesterol in HepG2 cells.Moreover,uptaking of DiI-LDL was also measured.The expressions of mRNA and protein were detected by RT-Q-PCR and Western blot.Results The red lipid droplets and the levels of TC and FC sig-nificantly increased in HepG2 cells after treated with curcumin.The orange red fluorescence was higher than that of control.Curcumin could promote the expression levels of mRNA and protein of SREBP2 and LDLR, what′s more,curcumin could reduce the expression of the mature PCSK9 level and IDOL protein.Conclu-sion Curcumin accelerates LDL-C uptake probably via downregulating the expression of PCSK9 and IDOL in HepG2 cells.

Objective To investigate the condition of social support of leukemia patients, discuss the influence of social support on their life quality, and provide reference point for nursing of leukemia patients. Methods Perform SSRS questionnaire and WHO QoL-BREF on 50 leukemia patients during symptomatic relief period, another 50 healthy cases were as control group. The results were analyzed with mathematical statistics test. Results The relation between social support and life quality of leukemia patients is positive. Conclusions The integrated clinical, Familial and social support system is very important for improving the life quality of leukemia patients. Clinical workers, Family members and the whole society should be encouraged to provide more care to leukemia patients, and to improve both of their psychological and physiological health condition.

The roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis are widely used in Chinese medicine for their action of clearing heat, detoxicating, relieving cough, dispelling sputum and tonifying spleen and stomach. The reason why Glycyrrhiza uralensis has potent and significant actions is that it contains various active secondary metabolites, especially glycyrrhizic acid. In the present study, we cloned the cDNA coding 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary CoA reductase (HMGR) involved in glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis in Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The corresponding cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins. Recombinant HMGR exhibited catalysis activity in reduction of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid (MVA) just as HMGR isolated from other species. Because HMGR gene is very important in the biosynthesis of glycyrrhizic acid in Glycyrrhiza uralensis, this work is significant for further studies concerned with strengthening the efficacy of Glycyrrhiza uralensis by means of increasing glycyrrhizic acid content and exploring the biosynthesis of glycyrrhizic acid in vitro.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; enzymology ; genetics ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; metabolism ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mevalonic Acid ; metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Plant Roots ; enzymology ; Plants, Medicinal ; enzymology ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of Vater ampulla-duodenal conjunction resection in the treatment of periampullary carcinoma. Methods From January 2005 to July 2006, 15 patients underwent this modus operandi, including carcinoma of duodenal papilla (6 cases), Vater ampulla (5 cases) and lower part of common bile duct (4 cases). The descending part of duodenum, Vater ampulla, head of pancreas and common bile duct were excised en bloc followed by reconstruction of GI conduit. Result One patient died of stress ulcer 2 months postoperatively, the 14 patients recovered uneventfully without any major complications, and 3-16 months follow-up found no tumor recurrence. Conclusion Vater ampulla-duodenal conjunction resection as a new surgical procedure provides enough tumor margin clearance while causing less trauma than standard pancreatoduodenectomy in selected cases of periampullary carcinoma.

The aim of this article is to provide methods for the isolation and identification of pancreatic stem cells and cell source for research and therapy of diabetes. ICCs were isolated by collagenase IV digesting and then cultured; epithelial cells were purified from monolayer cultured ICCs. The growth curve of the epithelial cells was measured by MTT. The expression of molecular markers in the cells was identified by immunohistochemical staining. The surface markers in the epithelial cells were analyzed by FACS. Epithelial cells were purified from isolated human fetal ICCs and passaged 40 times, and 10(6) - 10(8) cells were cryopreservated per passage. The growth curve demonstrated that the epithelial cells proliferated rapidly. The epithelial cells expressed PDX-1, PCNA, CK-7, CK-19, Nestin, Glut2, and Vimentin, but Insulin was undetected. The cells expressed CD29, CD44, and CD166, but did not express CD11a, CD14, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105, and CD117. Taken together, these results indicate that self-renewable epithelial cells can be isolated and purified from human fetal pancreas. These also show that the epithelial cells originate from ducts and have the characteristics of pancreatic stem cells.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Separation ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Fetus ; Flow Cytometry ; Homeodomain Proteins ; analysis ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; analysis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Integrin beta1 ; analysis ; Islets of Langerhans ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; analysis ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Trans-Activators ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo reveal the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) gene polymorphism of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and the correlation between HMGR gene polymorphism and the content of glycyrrhizic acid.

METHODLiquorice plants containing different content of glycyrrhizic acid were used as materials. RT-PCR was used to amplify their HMGR gene sequences, which were connected with vector pMD19-T for clone sequencing. Multiple alignments were performed to analyse HMGR gene polymorphism of G. uralensis. Then the correlation between HMGR gene polymorphism and the content of glycyrrhizic acid was revealed.

RESULTHMGR gene sequences polymorphism included codon mutation, base substitution mutation, copy number polymorphism and allele heterozygosity. There were 4 types of mutations in HMGR gene coding amino acid sequences, namely -HSL, -HSV, GALLV, GALSV. Among them, -HSV type was common in liquorice plants, -HSL type only existed in liquorice plants with low content of glycyrrhizic acid, and GALSV type only existed in liquorice plants with high content of glycyrrhizic acid.

CONCLUSIONHMGR gene sequences of G. uralensis are highly polymorphic and related to the content of glycyrrhizic acid.

Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; metabolism ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Isoenzymes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo analyse the effect of expression proteins containing different escherichia coli of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-coenzyme A reductase(HMGR) genic mutation on the conversion efficiency of MVA with GC-MS method, in order to lay a foundation for revealing the function of HMGR gene polymorphism of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in the production of high-quality G. uralensis medicines.

METHODThe expression carrier was established from four HMGR genic mutation types cloned from G. uralensis and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21. The protein was induced to express, detected and purified. The purified protein was adopted for in vitro enzymatic reaction. TLC and GC-MS were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis on reaction products.

RESULTThe catalytic activity of L/V genotype(-HSL and -HSV) was similar, and so was the catalytic activity of the genotype with GA insertion (GALLV and GALSV), but the catalytic activity of the latter was around 2 times higher than that of the former.

CONCLUSIONThe functional gene polymorphism of G. uralensis may be the molecular foundation for the production of high-quality G. uralensi medicines.

Biocatalysis ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; enzymology ; genetics ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Recombinant Proteins ; metabolism