OBJECTIVETo master the distribution of male and female soldiers' body composition with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method in order to provide data for building up the standards in comparison with those of ordinary residents.

METHODSA cluster stratified sample of 5968 graduated soldiers among different armed services colleges was measured by BIA. Five percent-95% distributions with in the upper and lower limits were established on basis of the above result. The crosswise comparison was also performed.

RESULTS(1) Five percent-95% reference ranges of people in the graduating class of armed services colleges were body fat percentage (BF%): 10.30%-20.70% (male) and 19.20%-30.10% (female), body mass index (BMI): 19.30-25.70 (male) and 18.00-23.99 (female), lean body mass percentage (LBM%): 79.27%-86.69% (male) and 69.89%-80.69% (female), muscle percentage (M%): 74.24%-83.96% (male) and 65.23%-75.27% (female), bone percentage (B%): 5.01% 5.77% (male) and 4.65%-5.51% (female). (2) Soldiers in the graduating class of armed services colleges have less BF%, more B% and M% than those of ordinary residents in the same age and the same sex.

CONCLUSION(1) Soldiers in the graduating class of armed services colleges have better body composition than that of ordinary residents in the same age and the same sex; (2) Standard of body composition for soldiers in the graduating class of armed services colleges should be different from that of ordinary residents, a new standard should be built up.

Body Composition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Young Adult

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of botulinus toxin of type A and complete resection of the periorbital muscle on idiopathic blepharospasm.
● METHODS: Patients with idiopathic blepharospasm and having undergone either of two procedures from Dec. 2010 to Jun. 2015 were selected ( 60 patients ) . Among them, group A (30 patients, 60 eyes) underwent botulinus toxin of type A, group B (30 patients, 60 eyes) underwent complete resection of the periorbital muscle.
●RESULTS: ln group A, the patients with complete response, obvious response, partial response, and no response were 36(60. 0%), 20(33. 3%), 2(3. 3%) and 2 (3. 3%) cases respectively. ln group B, the patients with complete response, obvious response, partial response, and no response were 16(26. 7%), 24(40. 0), 12(20. 0%) and 8 ( 13. 3%) cases respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( Z = - 2. 968, P = 0. 003 ). The relapse rate of group A and group B were 93. 3% and 20. 0% after 6mo, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=32. 851, P<0. 001).
●CONCLUSION: The botulinus toxin injection of type A is effective for idiopathic blepharospasm. But recurrence rate is high after 6mo. Complete resection of the periorbital muscle have long-term efficacy for idiopathic blepharospasm. It′s a supplementary therapy after idiopathic blepharospasm recurrence.

This study investigated the effect of arctigenin (Arc) on the cell activation, cytokines expression, proliferation, and cell-cycle distribution of mouse T lymphocytes. Mouse lymphocytes were prepared from lymph node and treated with Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)/Ionimycin (Ion) and/or Arc. CD69, CD25, cytokines, proliferation and cell cycle were assayed by flow cytometry. The results showed that, at concentrations of less than 1.00 micromol x L(-1), Arc expressed non-obvious cell damage to cultured lymphocytes, however, it could significantly down-regulate the expression of CD69 and CD25, as well as TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 on PMA/Ion stimulated lymphocytes. At the same time, Arc could also inhibit the proliferation of PMA/Ion-activated lymphocytes and exhibited lymphocyte G 0/G1 phase cycle arrest. These results suggest that Arc possesses significant anti-inflammatory effects that may be mediated through the regulation of cell activation, cytokines expression and cell proliferation.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; metabolism ; Arctium ; chemistry ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Furans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-2 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Ionomycin ; pharmacology ; Lectins, C-Type ; metabolism ; Lignans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Electromagnetic Fields ; Magnetic Fields ; Microwaves ; adverse effects ; Television

Objective To understand of work status and professional ability of ICU specialist nurse,test their specialist ability level,improve and enhance the specialist nurse management to maximize their roles in promoting the development of clinical nursing.Methods 38 ICU nurse specialists who have got the nursing credentials more than one year were surveyed through self-questionnaire about working conditions,including general conditions,work status,income,self-assessment of specialist ability in future.Results 100％ ICU trained the younger nurses,and discuss the nursing management and problems.36.8％ nurses participated clinical nursing and night shift,5.3％ nurses have never joined ward inspection.Rates of reaching the standard were higher and above the 90％ in those three aspects: practice in clinical work,guided teaching and providing information for family member.Grasp of academic knowledge (86.8％),theory teaching (86.8％) and providing academic knowledge for nursing (86.8％) needed to be improved.Paper searching and reading (65.8％),paper writing (57.9％) and research design (47.4％) were relatively lower.Conclusions Culturing and using the specialist nurses in ICU lack the program and rationality; Specialist nurses have vague role; talent team was lacked; pay status needs increased; research ability needed enhanced; admittance,training and using criteria were lacked.

Objective To investigate the change of nursing undergraduates ’ attitude towards patients with mental disorder between before and after their nursing practice in the psychiatric department .Methods One hundred and fifteen students were selected and provided an internship program delivered by the Nursing Department to practice in the Psychiatric Hospital .All of nursing undergraduates were investigate with stigma scale towards people with mental disorder and the change of their attitude towards patients with mental disorder were compared between before and after their nursing practice .Results After nursing practice, the total score of the stigma scale among nursing undergraduates was (40.90 ±14.84), the score of dangerous dimension was (13.56 ±5.44), and the score of social isolation dimension was (22.09 ±9.55), which were all lower than those before nursing practice , these differences were statistically significant (t =3.86, 4.02, 3.02, respectively;P<0.01).The score of contact scale among nursing undergraduates after nursing practice was (3.64 ±1.29) and higher than that before practice with (2.96 ±0.67), the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.68;P<0.01).The nursing undergraduates ’ willingness to work in the psychiatric hospital increased to 71.3%after nursing practice from 49.6%before nursing practice , the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =230.00, P<0.01).Conclusions The clinical nursing practice for nursing undergraduates in the psychiatric department can reduce their discrimination against patients with mental disorder .

OBJECTIVE: To observe the biological behavior of canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured in vitro with the astragalus polysaccharides-chitosan/polylactic acid (AP-C/PLA) and with the chitosan/polylactic acid (C/PLA) and to find a suitable compound material for periodontal tissue engineering. METHODS: BMSCs (induced 14 days by 50 mg/L vitamine C, 10(-8) mol/L dexamethasone, 10 mmol/L beta-sodium glycerylphosphate) were cultured on AP-C/PLA or C/PLA for 5 days respectively. The BMSCs attachment and the morphology were observed with scanning electronic microscope and the combining rates were counted. Type I collagen synthesis was examined with immunohistochemistry staining and the content of osteocalin was determined with radio-immunological method. RESULTS: Combining rates, type I collagen synthesis, and the content of osteocalin of BMSCs on AP-C/PLA were significantly higher than those on C/PLA. CONCLUSION AP-C/PLA may promote the BMSC proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis, and it can be used as a good scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
Animals ; Astragalus propinquus ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chitosan ; pharmacology ; Collagen Type I ; biosynthesis ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Female ; Lactic Acid ; pharmacology ; Male ; Osteocalcin ; biosynthesis ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; pharmacology ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of delayed sequential bone marrow transplantation on acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in major H-2 incompatible mouse transplantation.

METHODSC57BL/6 (H-2b) mice were used as donors and BALB/c (H-2d) mice as recipients. BALB/c mice were given 8.0 Gys total body irradiation (TBI) on day 0 and infused with a blend of bone marrow cells and spleen cells in different time. Transplantation was carried out as follows: group I TBI on day 0 and transplantation at 4 h after TBI; groups of II TBI on day 0 and transplantation at 4 h, d1, d2, d3 after TBI; groups III TBI on day 0 and transplantation at day 4 after TBI; groups IV TBI on day 0 and transplantation at day 4 through day 7 after TBI. Recipient's spleen H-2b cells were detected by flow cytometry and the level of serum cytokines (IL-2, IL4, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-gamma) by ELISA. The survival, aGVHD and hematopoietic recovery were observed.

RESULTSaGVHD occurred in group I and the mice all died within 3 weeks after transplantation. The 60 day survival rates of groups of II and III were 30% and 50% respectively. The degree of aGVHD in group III was modest and the survival rate was higher than that in other groups (P <0.05). The peak time of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10 in groups III and IV were later than that in group I. The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in groups III and IV were higher than that in group I and for the levels of IL-2 and IFN-gamma were on the contrary (P < 0.05). The level of IL-6 in all groups peaked on day 5 to day 10 after TBI and was higher in group I than in others (P <0.05). In group IV the mean value of donor H-2b cells was (98.1 +/- 1.1)% on day 60 and WBC counts recovered normal on day 20.

CONCLUSIONSDelayed sequential transplantation can reduce the morbidity of aGVHD ,improve the survival rate and not affect the engraftment and reconstitution of hematopoiesis in mouse allo-BMT. The mechanism of aGVHD prevention may be related to the reducing of type 1 cytokines of T lymphocyte and the increasing of type 2 cytokines.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; immunology ; methods ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Wnt3a-transduced mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on the proliferation of T lymphocytes.

METHODSMSC were isolated from C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow and expanded in vitro, then identified by flow cytometry and their differentiation capacity into osteocytes and adipocytes were determined. Recombinant plasmids containing Wnt3a gene, were transfected with lipofectamine into HEK293 cells by the AdEasy system. Viral particles were collected to infect MSC and adenovirus vector expressing GFP (Ad-GFP) was used as control. The expression of GFP in MSC was observed using fluorescence microscopy and the protein levels of Wnt3a and β-catenin were determined by Western blot. Wnt3a-transduced and Ad-GFP transduced MSC were separately cocultured with spleen lymphocytes stimulated by ConA, at the ratio of 1:100, 1:50 or 1:10 respectively. The proliferation rate of T lymphocytes was estimated by Cell Cout Kit-8 (CCK-8) and the level of cytokine by ELISA.

RESULTSFCM analysis showed that the MSC were highly positive for CD90.2, CD44 and negative for CD34, CD45, they could differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes after induction; The titer of recombinant adenoviruses was up to 1 × 10(10) pfu/ml. After infected with the adenoviruses, MSC had the strongest GFP expression at 72 h and the efficiency of infection was 50%-60%. The expressions of Wnt3a and β-catenin protein in the Wnt3a-transduced MSC were significantly increased. MSC could suppress the proliferation of T lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner. When MSC cocultured with spleen lymphocytes at 1:10 ratio, T lymphocyte proliferation rate and the level of IFN-γ were (55.41 ± 1.75)% and (326.70 ± 14.41) pg/ml respectively in Ad-GFP transduced MSC group, while in Wnt3a-transduced MSC group, they were (37.27 ± 2.66)% and (218.80 ± 12.93) pg/ml respectively. There was no effect on the production of IL-2.

CONCLUSIONCompared to Ad-GFP transduced MSC, Wnt3a-transduced MSC exhibit a more potent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of T lymphocytes.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Transduction, Genetic ; methods ; Wnt3A Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To explore the distribution of water with high level arsenic and prevalence of arsenism along Huai'he River and the surrounding area of Hong'ze lake in Huai'an of Jiangsu. Methods Wate rsamples were collected and tested in 2008 from 18 villages of 6 towns according to history data in 3 counties like Xuyi,Jinhu and Hongze. Samples having arsenic level higher than 0.05 mg/L were investigated by epidemiological method and the patients were diagnosed by Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenism. Results All 5199 water samples were determined,and 260 water samples were exceeding the national drinking water quality level (0.05 mg/L) in 3 counties,the rates of exceeding diagnosis were 5.6%(247/4454),0.7%(4/597),6.0%(9/148) respectively. Total detected rate of endemic arsenic disease was 5.94%(128/2155). The detected rates of age group of 0 ～ ,20 ～,30 ～ ,40 ～ ,50 ～ ,60 ～ ,70 ～ ,80 ～ were 2.86%(1/35),2.11%(2/95),1.26%(3/239),3.10%(16/516),5.53% (32/579),10.07%(41/407),11.84%(27/228),10.71%(6/56) respectively. The detected rate of male (9.10%,78/857) was higher than that of female(3.85%,50/1298,χ~2 = 25.46,P < 0.01). Conclusions Huai'he River and the surrounding areas of Hong'ze lake like Xuyi,Jinhu and Hongze are identified existing endemic arsenic disease area. The prevention of arsenism should be strengthened in these areas.