Humans ; Male ; Osteosarcoma ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ultrasonography ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications ; Young Adult

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; metabolism ; Cholinergic Agonists ; pharmacology ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; Kidney Tubules ; cytology ; metabolism ; Lateral Ventricles ; drug effects ; Male ; Natriuresis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUND:Since cannulated screw has been applied to femoral neck fracture, it is not uncommon that the screw wear penetrates or refunds. What factors affect the stability of cannulated screw for treatment of femoral neck fractures in adults remains unclear. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To explore factors related to internal fixation failure by cannulated screws in treatment of adult femoral neck fracture and improve the stability of the adult femoral neck fracture by cannulated screws. ＜br> METHODS:A total of 92 adult patients of femoral neck fracture were treated by cannulated screws in our department between June 2007 and June 2011. Their data were retrospectively analyzed. According to clinical information and fol ow-ups, we selected factors such as age, gender, Garden type of fracture, preoperative skeletal traction, timing of surgery, Garden index, standards of pedicle screws, pedicle screw shapes, partial weight bearing time and postoperative complications, which may affect the success rate of cannulated screws for ＜br> treating femoral neck fracture. The selected factors were then grouped and assigned, after unrelated factors were excluded by one-way χ2 analysis, multiariable Logistic regression analysis was performed. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The involved 92 patients were fol owed up for 18-72 months. According to Harris assessment criteria, hip function was excellent in 28 cases, good in 25 cases, fair in 17 cases, and poor in 22 cases at the final fol ow-up, the excellent and good rate was 58%. Radiographic results showed that, the patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of the displacement, GardenⅠ (n=22) and GardenⅡ (n=29) as a group, and Garden Ⅲ (n=25) and Garden Ⅳ (n=16) as the other group, the fixation failure rate was 12%and 39%, respectively. In normol and abnormal Garden Index groups, the fixation failure rate was 16%and 59%, respectively. In nail position standards and non-attainment standards groups, the fixation failure rate was 19%and 70%, respectively. In the complication and non-complication groups, the fixation failure rate was 14%and 55%, respectively. These factor groups showed significant differences (P＜0.05). Multiariable Logistic regression analysis showed that, Garden type of fracture, Garden index, standards of pedicle screws, and postoperative complications are the risk factors for internal fixation failure using cannulated screws in treatment of the adult femoral neck fracture.

AIM AND METHODSIn the present study, we investigated the TH immunoreactivity and the expression of angiotensin AT1 receptor in locus coeruleus after intracerebroventricular (i. c. v.) injection of carbachol in conscious SD rats with immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile the effects of blocking AT1 receptor were also observed.

RESULTSBoth mean optical density and number of TH and AT1 immunoreactive positive neurons were markedly increased in locus coeruleus after 40 minutes of i.c.v. injection of carbachol (0.5 microg). The enhancement was significantly reduced by i. c. v. injection of losartan.

CONCLUSIONThe results above suggest that i. c. v. injection of cholinergic agonist carbachol can enhance the activity of adrenergic neurons and the expression of AT1 receptor in locus coeruleus. The blockade of AT1 receptor may down regulate the above action induced by carbachol in locus coeruleus.

Animals ; Brain ; Carbachol ; pharmacology ; Cholinergic Agents ; pharmacology ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Locus Coeruleus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Losartan ; pharmacology ; Male ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; metabolism ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of JTS, Traditional Chinese Medicine caps. treating cerebral ischemia on metabolism and antioxidant system in cerebral ischemia rat.

METHODSI.m. dexamethasone and ligating common carotid artery, the model of cerebral ischemia rats was established to investigate the effects of JTS caps. and its mechanisms through detecting substance metabolism, energy metabolism and antioxidant system.

RESULTSJTS caps. (1.78 - 3.56 g/kg) could upgrade glucose (Glu), total amino acids (T-AA), ATP, Na(+)-K(+) -ATPase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) of brain tissue and degrade lactic acid (LD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and water content of brain tissue in cerebral ischemia rat (P < 0.05, 0.01). JTS caps. (3.56 g/kg) could also depress extenuation of rat's body weight.

CONCLUSIONJTS caps. has some protections against the cerebral ischemia in rats, and one of the mechanisms may be improving the metabolism and antioxidant system.

Amino Acids ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Catalase ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:There are few reports concerning effects of warming the yang and benefiting the marrow for the knee osteoarthritis on the expression of matrix metal oproteinase.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of warming the yang and benefiting the marrow on the expression of matrix metal oproteinase in rabbit models of knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS:Of 96 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits, 72 rabbits were randomly selected for making rabbit models of knee osteoarthritis using plaster external fixation. After success model establishment, the rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups. Model group was left intact. Chinese medicine group received daily intragastric administration of drug extract 24 mL/kg. Drug control group was daily intragastrical y administered Puli Capsule (glucosamine hydrochloride) 24 mg/kg, once a day, until the eighth week of success model induction. An additional 24 New Zealand rabbits served as blank controls.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Using quantitative PCR, matrix metal oproteinase-1, matrix metal oproteinase-3 and matrix metal oproteinase-13 expression was significantly higher in the model group than that in the other three groups. Matrix metal oproteinase-1, matrix metal oproteinase-3 and matrix metal oproteinase-13 expression was significantly lower in the Chinese medicine group and drug control group than that in the model group. These results indicated that warming the yang and benefiting the marrow for knee osteoarthritis in rabbits could effectively inhibit the expression of matrix metal oproteinase in rabbits.

The leading cause of drug withdrawal from market and clinical trials failure is drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Varying clinical, histological and laboratory features of DILI, as well as undefined underlying mechanisms, hinder patients to be diagnosed in the early-stage of the disease and receive effective treatments. Conventional indicators, like serum transaminases and bilirubin, have inevitable limitations referring to sensitive prediction and specific detection of DILI. In order to reduce the occurrence of DILI, researchers have attempted to discover potential biomarkers with higher specificity and sensitivity from blood and urine in recent years. This article aims to review recent advances in biomarkers of DILI.
Biomarkers ; blood ; urine ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective:To explore a rapid and cost-effective method for identification of Candida gla-brata through the comparison of two different methods , using molecular methods of sequencing as gold standard.Methods:From our clinic, 200 strains of suspected Candida glabrata were collected during the last 3 years and selected after incubation in CHROMagar Candida medium for 48 h.By comparing the results of the CHROMagar Candida medium, the identification of the rapid trehalose test for different kinds of strains were analyzed under incubation in the tubes for 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h at 37 ℃and 42 ℃, respectively .All the strains were identified to species level by methods of sequencing .The optimal time and temperature of the trehalose test for the identification of Candida glabrata were assessed .Two different methods, CHROMagar Candida medium and the rapid trehalose test , in identification of Candi-da glabrata were compared.Results:In all the 200 strains, Candida glabrata ferment trehalose with 3 h incubation under 42 ℃ were the optimal time and temperature for fermenting trehalose .The accuracy , sensitivity, and specificity of the rapid trehalose test were 99.00% (198/200), 98.66% (147/149) and 100.00%(51/51).The accuracy rate of CHROMagar Candida medium was 79.50%(159/200), the sensitivity and specificity were only 89.93%(134/149) and 49.02%(25/51), however, compared with the domestic current popular methods , the rapid trehalose test had better time efficiency ratio .Con-clusion:The evaluation results suggest that the rapid trehalose test has advantages in terms of operational convenience and low cost , and the results can be obtained in 3 h.Therefore, it has application value in clinical laboratory .

Administration, Rectal ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Powders ; Proctitis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Radiation Injuries ; complications ; drug therapy ; Rectum ; drug effects ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; radiotherapy

Humans ; Prune Belly Syndrome