From an aqueous extract of Lonicera japonica flower buds, sixteen compounds were isolated by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over macroporous resin, MCI gel, silica gel, and sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis as 6'-O-acetylvogeloside (1), 6'-O-acetylsecoxyloganin (2), dichlorogelignate (3), guanosinyl-(3' --> 5')-adenosine monophosphate(GpA,4) , 5'-O-methyladenosine (5), 2'-O-methyladenosine (6), adenosine (7), syringin (8), methyl 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl caffeate (9), (-)-dihydrophaseic acid 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), ketologanin (11), 7α-morroniside (12), 7β-morroniside (13), kingiside (14), cryptochlorogenic acid methyl ester (15), and 6-hydroxymethyl-3-pyridinol (16). All the compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time, compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, 3 and 5 are new natural products, and 4 is the first example of dinucleoside monophosphate isolated from a plant extract.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by a progressive accumulation of lymphocytes, which occurs predominantly in elderly patients. As present one of the major problems in the treatment of CLL is low complete remission rate, others are complication and toxicity of drugs, such as myelosuppression, infections and disorder of immunosystem function, especially in elderly patients. This study reported that a 74-year-old male patient with B-CLL effectively and safely was treated with fludarabine (nucleatide reductase inhibitor), rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) and amifostine. The patient was given fludarabine and rituximab in standard dose, but the time of drug given is different from conventional treatment, it was adjusted according to the patient status. The results showed that no chill, fever and infection occurred during treatment. Furthermore, blood cell count and hemoglobin level recovered to normal after the end of treatment. In conclusion, the individualized protocol of fludarabine combined with rituximab and amifostine showed the safety and effectiveness for treatment of aged patient with CLL. Amifostine is drug known as chemoprotectants, can alleviate or eliminate the immunological disorder from CLL and the adverse effects from chemotherapy, such as myelosuppression, infection, fever and so on.
Aged ; Amifostine ; administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; Male ; Rituximab ; Treatment Outcome ; Vidarabine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130/ 0.4, 60 g/L) in resuscitation during shock stage of burns.

METHODSSixty-six burn patients who were admitted to hospital within 2 hours after burn injury requiring fluid resuscitation were enrolled into this study, and they were randomized into HES( n = 33, with HES as a component of fluid resuscitation) and plasma (P, n = 33, with plasma as a component of fluid resuscitation) groups. HES or plasma was given as colloid within 48 postburn hours (PBH), and only albumin [( 111 +/- 4) , ( 105 +/- 5 ) g for each group] were given to the patients during 3 to 7 postburn days (PBD). Heart rate, blood pressure, central venous pressure (CVP) , urine output per hour were measured, gain/loss of body fluid during the first and second 24 PBH were recorded, serum total protein, albumin, hemoglobin( Hb) , prothrombin time (PT) , fibrinogen; platelet ( PLT) , as well as liver and renal function, allergy and bleeding tendency were determined and observed at corresponding time-points.

RESULTSThere were no obvious differences in heart rate, blood pressure, CVP and urine output per hour within 24 PBH between the two groups (P > 0.05). Also there was no difference in gain/loss of body fluid during the first and second 24 PBH. The content of hemoglobin on 1 ,3, 7,14 PBD ,and the PT, the content of fibrinogen, the number of PLT on 1,3,14 PBD also exhibited no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The serum contents of total protein and albumin in HES group were [(31 +/- 3) g/L, (30 +/- 3)g/L ] on 1 PBD, and [(20.4 +/- 3.6) g/L, (18.4 +/-2.3) g/L] on 3 PBD, which were obviously lower than those in P group [(45 +/- 4) g/L, (39 +/- 3) g/L on 1 PBD, and 1 (24.5 +/- 4.3) g/L, (21.3 +/- 3.9) g/L) on 3 PBD, (P <0. 01). Though the serum content of albumin on 7 PBD was similar in the two groups (P > 0.05), the serum total protein in HES group (40 +/- 4) g/L was markedly lower than that in P group [(45 +/- 4) g/L, P < 0.01] . Within 7 PBD, no abnormal bleeding was found in the two groups, and the liver function and renal function were similar. There were 4 cases showing allergic reaction in plasma group while none in HES group.

CONCLUSIONNew type of HES can partially substitute plasma and be used in fluid resuscitation for burn patients. However, plasma protein replenishment should still be emphasized.

Adult ; Burns ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Resuscitation ; methods ; Shock ; therapy

Professor SHAO Jing-Ming devotes his life in clinical practices for more than 80 years. He is an eminent specialist acupuncture with abundant clinical experiences. He establishes the unique method of needling of tri-points and penta-needles which achieves significant effectiveness for the treatment of asthma. He has taught for more than 50 years with unique educational method. A great amount of experts appear in the circle of TCM after receiving his unique training. He devotes his life to composing books on acupuncture and moxibustion. He devotes his life and his heart to promoting the development of acupuncture and moxibustion, and makes remarkable contribution in this field.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; history

OBJECTIVE: Pediatric depression is associated with significant functional impairment at school and at work. Recently, we reported on depression-like behavior in juvenile mice neonatally exposed to dexamethasone (DEX) as a potential animal model for pediatric depression. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine has promoted rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects in patients with treatment-resistant major depression. This study was conducted to examine whether ketamine had antidepressant effects in juvenile mice after neonatal DEX exposure. METHODS: A single dose (10 mg/kg) of ketamine or vehicle was injected into juvenile mice at days 29-32 after neonatal DEX (or saline) exposure (days 1-3). The sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, and forced swimming test were performed 24, 40, and 46 hours, respectively, after injection of ketamine. RESULTS: Ketamine (10 mg/kg) significantly improved depression-like behavior in DEX-treated juvenile mice. CONCLUSION: This finding suggests that ketamine confers antidepressant effects in an animal model of pediatric depression.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; Depression ; Dexamethasone* ; Hindlimb Suspension ; Humans ; Ketamine* ; Mice* ; Models, Animal ; N-Methylaspartate ; Physical Exertion ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; Sucrose

This study was purposed to explore the effects of Tanreqing injection on the biologic activities of human acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cell line Molt4 in vitro and its mechanism. Tanreqing injection was proportionally diluted and divided into 9 groups of different concentrations, including 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32, 1:64, 1:128, 1:256 and 1:512. Molt4 cells were treated with those different concentrations of Tanreqing injection, and the cell growth status at various time points of different concentrations was observed under microscope. CCK-8 assay was employed to detect ability of cell proliferation, growth curve was drawn, the inhibition ratio and 50% inhibiting concentration (IC(50)) were calculated. Flow cytometry with PI and PI/Annexin V double stainings were used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis of Molt4 cells after the treatment of Tanreqing injection respectively. Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 mRNA expression of Molt4 cells were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that Tanreqing injection displayed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Molt4 cell line. In 1:2, 1:4, 1:8 and 1:16 concentration groups, great cytotoxicity was observed and numerous cells were dead. The inhibitory effect of Tanreqing injection was dose-dependent. IC(50) was 1:142 dilution concentration. In the 1:32 concentration group, S phase cell quantity remarkably decreased (p < 0.05) and apoptosis rate significantly increased (p < 0.05) at 72 hours after Tanreqing injection treatment. Simultaneously, caspase-3 mRNA expression increased and Bcl-2 mRNA expressions was downregulated (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the Tanreqing injection has an inhibitory effect on Molt4 cell proliferation and promotes its apoptosis. These biological effects of Tanreqing injection are partly related to cell reduction in S phase, downregulation of bcl-2 gene and upregulation of caspase 3.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficacy of PEG Interferon alpha-2a combined with ribavirin in treatment of with hepatitis C cirrhosis patients.

METHODS21 patients with chronic hepatitis C cirrhosis (treated group) ,were treated with peg-IFNalpha-2a 135 -180 microg subcutaneously, 1 week,ribavirin tablets 800 -1000 mg/d,48 weeks of treatment and follow-up 24 weeks, 20 patients with Chronic hepatitis C (control group), were treated with peg-IFNalpha-2a 135 -180 microg subcutaneously, 1 week,ribavirin tablets 600 -1000 mg/d, 48 weeks of treatment, follow-up 24 weeks, comparison of rapid virological response (RVR) rates, early virologic response (EVR) rate, sustained virologic response (SVR) rate, adverse reactions was observed.

RESULTSThe differences of RVR, EVR, ETVR in two groups is not significant, but SVR in treatment group was lower (P < 0.05), and has a higher incidence bone marrow suppression and anemia (P < 0.05). Flu-like symptoms, hair loss, gastrointestinal reactions and other adverse reactions was no significant difference between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONThe use of 135 microg peg-IFNalpha-2a and individual in low-dose ribavirin hepatitis C patients with cirrhosis is more security,could get a good early response, but sustained virologic response (SVR) rates is lower than hepatitis C patients. Blood, liver and kidney function should be closely observed during treatment process.

Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects

The objective of this study was to explore the effect of amifostine (AMF) in treating patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and its adverse effects. 17 ITP patients (aged from 13 to 92, mean 65 years) were treated with AMF and their therapeutic regimen was following: 0.4 g AMF was dissolved in 100 ml physiological saline, the intravenous drop was performed at day and lasted 5 days per week, with interval 2 days, 4 weeks were considered as a course of treatment. The results showed that the normal counts of platelets were observed in 17 ITP patients after 1 course of treatment, and remained unchanged for 2 months following stop of therapy. In that time, no any drugs such as hormonal preparation, gamma-globulin, blood transfusion and so on were given in all treated patients, the main adverse effect of AMF was discomfort in digestive system that all patients could endure. Therefore, the patient's life quality was obviously improved. It is concluded that the AMF has been initially and successfully used to treat ITP patients with positive response, and may be considered as a safe-effective drug for treating old patients with ITP, but the long-term effect and pharmacological mechanism of this drug needs further evaluation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amifostine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

In order to investigate the frequency of MPLW515L and JAK2V617F point mutations of the patients with myeloproliferative disease (MPD) in Nanjing area, MPLW515L and JAK2V617F point mutations were simultaneously detected by alleles specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) and sequencing in 190 MPD patients. The results showed that MPLW515L point mutation was detected in 1 out of 102 essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients (1.0%) and was not detected in 32 polycythemia vera (PV) patients, 13 idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) patients, 43 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients. JAK2V617F point mutation was detected in 20 out of 32 PV patients (62.5%), 43 out of 102 ET patients (42.2%), 5 out of 13 IMF patients (38.5%), and was not detected in 43 CML patients. It is concluded that MPLW515L point mutation exists in ET patient, but is not found in PV, IMF and CML. JAK2V617F point mutation exists in PV, ET and IMF, but not in CML.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Janus Kinase 2 ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Receptors, Thrombopoietin ; genetics ; Young Adult

The aim of this study was to investigate the curative effects of amifostine (AMF) combined with recombinant human beta-erythropoietin (rhbeta-EPO) on patients with pure erythroid aplasia (PEA). Two patients with PEA were treated with amifostine and rhbeta-EPO. The therapeutic regimen was adopted with AMF 0.4 g/day given by intravenous injection for 5 days first, then after a break of 2 days it went on for 3 weeks consecutively, that was considered as one treatment cycle. The rhbeta-EPO 6 000 U was used by subcutaneous injection for 3 times per week. The results showed that the red cell count, hemoglobin and reticulocyte count of two patients obviously increased after treatment. The erythroid ratio in bone marrow increased. Bone marrow biopsy showed that the erythroid proliferation improved. Intervals of red cell transfusions (RCT) in the two patients who live by red cell transfusion were prolonged after AMF treatments, and the amounts of each RCT was decreased obviously. The main side effect of amifostine was discomfort of digestive system, but was tolerated by all patients. In conclusion, amifostine plus rhbeta-EPO may be a new, effective and safety method especially for the elder PEA patients. The long-term curative effects and mechanism of amifostine still need further evaluation.
Aged, 80 and over ; Amifostine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Anemia, Aplastic ; drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Erythropoietin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Recombinant Proteins ; Treatment Outcome