Objective: To investigate the effect of salt stress at different concentrations on the accumulative contents of glycyrrhizic acid and five components and their correlations. Methods: Annual Glycyrrhiza uralensis cultivated in the plastic flowerpot was treated with salt at different concentrations (3, 6, and 9 mg/mL). The contents of glycyrrhizic acid, total sugar, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and ash were determined after 35, 70, and 105 d treatment. The proportional relationships of five components and the correlation of glycyrrhizinic acid and five components were analyzed. Results: On 70 d after the treatment of 6 and 9 mg/mL salt solution, the glycyrrhizic acid content was extremely higher than that in control group. Crude protein in the treatment groups of 6 and 9 mg/mL salt solution increased significantly compared with that in control group. While total sugar content decreased significantly compared with that in control group. On 105 d, crude fat content in the treatment group of 9 mg/mL salt solution was extremely higher than that in control group. And on 70 and 105 d, the crude fat proportion in the treatment group of 9 mg/mL salt solution was extremely higher than that in control group, while the total sugar proportion was extremely lower than that in control group. The correlation analysis showed that glycyrrhizic acid content had a positive correlation with the content of crude fat and ash, while had a negative correlation with total sugar on 70 and 105 d. Conclusion: The accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid is closely related to proportion of crude protein, total sugar , crude fat and ash content. The proper salt stress could stimulate sugar metabolisms and accelerate the decomposition of the substance. All of these could promote the secondary metabolism and make the formation and accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid.

PURPOSE: We experienced a case of ocular motility disturbance with esotropia and hypotropia, following implantation of Molteno to the superotemporal quadrant. METHODS: The patient recovered to orthophoria after removal of implant and fibrotic scar tissue with recession and resection. RESULTS: Multiple complications have been reported in association with Molteno implantation, including hypotony, cataract, choroidal hemorrhage, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, hyphema, phthisis. However ocular motility disturbances have been documented in only a few cases and never in Korea to our knowledge. Therefore, we report this case with the review of related literatures.
Cataract ; Choroid Hemorrhage ; Cicatrix ; Endophthalmitis ; Esotropia ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Korea ; Retinal Detachment ; Strabismus*

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (Rituximab) combined with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (ASCT) in treatment of the patients with B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Methods Twenty-one patients with B-cell NHL(CD20 positive) received ASCT with Rituximab at the dose of 385 mg·m-2·d-1 on day 1 and day 8 of mobilization,and day -1 and day +7 of conditioning regimen. Among the 21 patients receiving chemotherapy before the transplant, five cases achieved complete response (CR), eleven cases achieved partial remission (PR), and 5 cases had the progression of disease (PD) after many cycles of chemotherapy. Results The median follow-up was 24 months (1-68 months) in the present study. No relapse occurred among the 5 patients in CR before the transplant. Only one of the 11 PR patients relapsed 6 months post-transplantation. Three of the 5 PD patients died. Four of 21 cases (19 %) were documented as recurrence and death, the other 17 cases remained alive and disease-free. Both 2-year EFS and OS of these cases were 81%. No harmful effect of Rituximab was observed on the quality and quantity of collected stem cells as well as hematopoietic recovery post SCT. Conclusion The efficacy of ASCT with Rituximab in vivo purging in the patients with B-cell NHL was determined mainly by the disease status before transplant. The approach may be used as consolidation therapy to achieve long-term survival and increase the curable rate for patients in CR before transplant, and as intensification therapy to increase the remission rate and prolong the EFS and OS of the patients in PR. Rituximab did not show any adverse effect on collection and reconstitution of hematopoietic stem cells.

Objective To evaluate the response rate and survival rates of refractory or relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and grey zone lymphoma patients treated with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT).Methods From January 2004 to August 2012,30 HL and grey zone lymphoma patients were retrospectively analyzed.Statistical analysis was done to explore the long term outcome and prognostic factors of patients treated with APBSCT.Among all patients,the median age at transplantion was 30 (13-55) years old.Patients were major with nodular sclerosis HL and in stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ.Results Every patient had a successful collection.The median MNC cell dose infused was 6.8×108/kg [range (1.0-13.8)×108/kg] and median CD34+ cell dose infused was 6.3×106/kg [range (0.6-20.6)×106/kg].Median time to neutrophil engraftment was 9 days (range 8-12 days).28 patients were evaluable after transplantation with a median follow-up of 18.5 months (range 2.5-95.0 months).The overall response rate was 89.3 ％ [CR 64.3 ％ (18/28),PR 25.0 ％ (7/28)].The overall survival (OS) rate and progression free survival (PFS) rate at 5 year would be 78 ％ and 58 ％ for all patients.3 in 7 patients with no remission after salvage chemotherapy with rituximab plus chemotherapy before APBSCT got CR and 2 got PR.Univariate analysis showed that disease status and the number of replacement types of chemotherapy prior to transplantation affected OS,the history of radiotherapy prior to transplantation affected PFS.Conclusion APBSCT can increase CR rate,prolong survival time in patients with refractory or relapsed HL and grey zone lymphoma.Rituximab plus chemotherapy as a salvage therapy could raise CR rate before APBSCT.Chemosensitivity before transplantation affect outcome with APBSCT.Changing many types of chemotherapy is adverse for APBSCT.Salvage radiotherapy before APBSCT is not recommended.

To compare the clinical features and prognosis in patients with cytomegalovirus pneumonia from other pneumonia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). A total of 118 patients with pulmonary complications after allo-HSCT from March 2016 to June 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, who were divided into cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia group ( n=34) and the non-CMV pneumonia group ( n=84). Compared with non-CMV pneumonia group, CMV pneumonia group presented earlier median onset time (1.8 vs.6.0 months, P=0.015) after allo-HSCT, more dyspnea (41.2% vs. 19.0%, P=0.012), hypoxemia (38.2% vs. 13.1%, P=0.006), and interstitial pneumonia (82.4% vs. 23.8%, P<0.01).The incidence of CMV-viremia and serum viral load in CMV pneumonia group were significantly higher than those in non-CMV pneumonia group. Consistently, and the development of mixed infection in CMV pneumonia group was higher than that of non-CMV pneumonia group (41.2% vs. 16.7%, P=0.013). The median follow-up time was 12.8 (0.4-46.5) months. The 1-year attributable mortality in CMV pneumonia group was significantly higher than that in non-CMV pneumonia group (26.5% vs. 10.7%, P=0.004), while the 1-year overall survival rate was significantly lower than that in non-CMV pneumonia group (61.8% vs. 85.7%, P=0.001). Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC)( P=0.036), high flow ventilation ( P=0.033) and negative CMV-viremia ( P=0.009) were unfavorable prognostic factors of patients with CMV pneumonia. Compared with those with non-CMV pneumonia, patients with CMV pneumonia had more characteristic clinical manifestations and imaging features. However, due to the higher incidence of mixed infections, the causes of pneumonia need to be identified by bronchoscopic alveolar lavage. In conclusion, patients with CMV pneumonia have worse clinical outcome. RIC, high flow ventilation and negative CMV-viremia are adverse prognostic factors for CMV pneumonia.

Objective To understand the human resource status of the community rehabilitation management in Shanghai and provide evidence for the construction of this human resource. Methods Census institutions of community rehabilitation management in Shanghai were investigated with self-questionnaire. Results Shanghai has initially established personnel of community rehabilitation management,which contains rehabilitation coordinators and street community administrator. However, the structure and number of the personnel has yet to be improved. Conclusion Personnel building must focused on optimizing the personnel structure of rehabilitation coordinator, moderately expanding the street community administrators, filling the community rehabilitation service gap between city and urban in next stage.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role and significance of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the pathological process of hypoxia hypercapnia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction (HHPV) and the relationship with ERK1/2 signal pathway in rats.

METHODSWe made the third pulmonary artery rings of SD rats, used the model of pulmonary artery rings perfusion in vitro. Under acute hypoxia hypercapnia condition, and observed the effects of the three stages of HHPV incubated by glybenclamide(Gly) and the combined application of Gly and U0126. At the same time, the values of rings' tension changes were recorded via the method of hypoxia hypercapnia conditions reactivity.

RESULTSUnder the normoxia condition, the values of the third pulmonary artery rings tension were relatively stable, but under the hypoxia hypercapnia condition, we observed a biphasic pulmonary artery contractile response compared with N group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). When the third pulmonary artery rings incubated by Gly, it's phase II persistent vasoconstriction was enhanced compared with the H group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and the phase I vasoconstriction was also heightened. Moreover, under the hypoxia hypercapnia condition, U0126 could significantly relieve the phase II persistent vasoconstriction compared with HD group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) induced by Gly, but the phase I acute vasoconstriction and the phase I vasodilation had no changes (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGly may mediate HHPV via activating ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway.

Animals ; Glyburide ; pharmacology ; Hypercapnia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; In Vitro Techniques ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; physiology ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vasoconstriction ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of chloride channel blocker--niflumic acid (NFA) on the pathological process of hypoxia hypercapnia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats.

METHODSWe used the model of hypoxia hypercapnia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction rats, and divided the second, third branch pulmonary artery rings randomly into four groups (n = 8): control group (N group), hypoxia hypercapnia group (H group), DMSO incubation group (HD group), niflumic acid group (NFA group). Under acute hypoxia hypercapnia conditions, we observed the effects of the three stages of hypoxia hypercapnia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction (HHPV) incubated by NFA in the second, third brach pulmonary artery rings. At the same time, the values of rings' tension changings were recorded via the method of hypoxia hypercapnia conditions reactivity. And investigated the effect of NFA to HHPV.

RESULTS(1) Under the hypoxia hypercapnia condition, we observed a biphasic pulmonary artery contractile (the phase I rapid contraction and vasodilation; the phase II sustained contraction) response in both the second and the third branch pulmonary artery rings compared with the control group (P < 0.05 , P < 0.01); (2) The second and third pulmonary artery rings incubated by NFA which phase II persistent vasoconstriction were significantly attenuated compared with the H group (P < 0.05 , P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe blocker of the chloride channels attenuates the second and third branch pulmonary artery rings constriction in rat, especially the phase II persistent vasoconstriction, so then have an antagonistic effect on HHPV.

Animals ; Chloride Channels ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Hypercapnia ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Niflumic Acid ; pharmacology ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Circulation ; Rats ; Vasoconstriction ; drug effects

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is composed of HIF-1alpha and HIF-1beta, and is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological processes. Normally, the formation and transcriptional activity of HIF-1 depend on the amount of HIF-1alpha, and the expression of HIF-1alpha is tightly controlled by the cellular oxygen tension. Recent progress in the study of its regulation mechanism provided clues as to how HIF-1alpha is regulated by oxygen. It appears that HIF-1alpha is not regulated only by the oxygen tension, but also by various other stimuli, such as transition metals, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, growth factors, and mechanical stresses. In this review, we summarize the oxygen-dependent and -independent regulation of HIF-1alpha, and the respective physiological and pathological meanings.
Animals ; Growth Substances/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; Molecular Structure ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Stress, Mechanical ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transition Elements/metabolism

The contents of adenosine, gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, parishin and sulfur dioxide residue were compared in differently-processed Gastrodiae Rhizoma to provide the basis for a reasonable processing method of Gastrodiae Rhizoma. The analysis was performed on a Merck Purospher STAR column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) under gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The eluates were detected at 270 nm, and the column temperature was 35°C. The content of adenosin, gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and parishin in processing of boiling or sulfur-fumigated were lower than that of in processing of steaming. Furthermore, the sulfur dioxide residue of sulphur-fumigated groups exceed 400 mg x kg(-1). This stable and reliable method will contribute to the quality control of different processed Gastrodiae Rhizoma.
Drug Contamination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Sulfur Dioxide ; analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods